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Made DD-based model construction work for all DTMC benchmarks we have. Included tests for both DD-based and excplicit model generation from PRISM models. 

Former-commit-id: e4af6d9f8a
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dehnert 11 years ago
parent
b3d18c2367
commit
0f0baf61a4
4 changed files with 162 additions and 59 deletions
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  1. 72
      src/builder/DdPrismModelBuilder.cpp
  2. 76
      src/builder/DdPrismModelBuilder.h
  3. 36
      test/functional/builder/DdPrismModelBuilderTest.cpp
  4. 33
      test/functional/builder/ExplicitPrismModelBuilderTest.cpp

72
src/builder/DdPrismModelBuilder.cpp
View File

@ -52,6 +52,8 @@ namespace storm {
storm::dd::Dd<Type> DdPrismModelBuilder<Type>::createUpdateDecisionDiagram(GenerationInformation& generationInfo, storm::prism::Module const& module, storm::dd::Dd<Type> const& guard, storm::prism::Update const& update) {
storm::dd::Dd<Type> updateDd = generationInfo.manager->getOne();
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Translating update " << update);
// Iterate over all assignments (boolean and integer) and build the DD for it.
std::vector<storm::prism::Assignment> assignments = update.getAssignments();
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> assignedVariables;
@ -122,7 +124,7 @@ namespace storm {
template <storm::dd::DdType Type>
typename DdPrismModelBuilder<Type>::ActionDecisionDiagram DdPrismModelBuilder<Type>::createCommandDecisionDiagram(GenerationInformation& generationInfo, storm::prism::Module const& module, storm::prism::Command const& command) {
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Translating guard " << command.getGuardExpression());
storm::dd::Dd<Type> guardDd = generationInfo.rowExpressionAdapter->translateExpression(command.getGuardExpression());
storm::dd::Dd<Type> guardDd = generationInfo.rowExpressionAdapter->translateExpression(command.getGuardExpression()) * generationInfo.moduleToRangeMap[module.getName()];
STORM_LOG_WARN_COND(!guardDd.isZero(), "The guard '" << command.getGuardExpression() << "' is unsatisfiable.");
if (!guardDd.isZero()) {
@ -138,9 +140,6 @@ namespace storm {
commandDd += updateDd;
}
guardDd.exportToDot(module.getName() + "_cmd_" + std::to_string(command.getGlobalIndex()) + "_grd.dot");
commandDd.exportToDot(module.getName() + "_cmd_" + std::to_string(command.getGlobalIndex()) + ".dot");
return ActionDecisionDiagram(guardDd, guardDd * commandDd);
} else {
return ActionDecisionDiagram(*generationInfo.manager);
@ -428,18 +427,20 @@ namespace storm {
}
return result;
} else {
} else if (generationInfo.program.getModelType() == storm::prism::Program::ModelType::DTMC) {
// Simply add all actions.
storm::dd::Dd<Type> result = module.independentAction.transitionsDd;
for (auto const& synchronizingAction : module.synchronizingActionToDecisionDiagramMap) {
result += synchronizingAction.second.transitionsDd;
}
return result;
} else {
STORM_LOG_THROW(false, storm::exceptions::InvalidArgumentException, "Illegal model type.");
}
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type>
storm::dd::Dd<Type> DdPrismModelBuilder<Type>::createSystemDecisionDiagram(GenerationInformation& generationInfo) {
std::pair<storm::dd::Dd<Type>, typename DdPrismModelBuilder<Type>::ModuleDecisionDiagram> DdPrismModelBuilder<Type>::createSystemDecisionDiagram(GenerationInformation& generationInfo) {
// Create the initial offset mapping.
std::map<uint_fast64_t, uint_fast64_t> synchronizingActionToOffsetMap;
for (auto const& actionIndex : generationInfo.program.getActionIndices()) {
@ -467,9 +468,15 @@ namespace storm {
// Combine the non-synchronizing action.
system.independentAction = combineUnsynchronizedActions(generationInfo, system.independentAction, nextModule.independentAction, system.identity, nextModule.identity);
// For all synchronizing actions that the next module does not have, we need to multiply the identity of the next module.
for (auto& action : system.synchronizingActionToDecisionDiagramMap) {
if (!nextModule.hasSynchronizingAction(action.first)) {
action.second = combineUnsynchronizedActions(generationInfo, action.second, ActionDecisionDiagram(*generationInfo.manager), system.identity, nextModule.identity);
}
}
// Combine synchronizing actions.
for (auto const& actionIndex : currentModule.getActionIndices()) {
std::cout << "treating action index " << actionIndex << std::endl;
if (system.hasSynchronizingAction(actionIndex)) {
system.synchronizingActionToDecisionDiagramMap[actionIndex] = combineSynchronizingActions(generationInfo, system.synchronizingActionToDecisionDiagramMap[actionIndex], nextModule.synchronizingActionToDecisionDiagramMap[actionIndex]);
} else {
@ -488,11 +495,11 @@ namespace storm {
result = result / result.sumAbstract(generationInfo.columnMetaVariables);
}
return result;
return std::make_pair(result, system);
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type>
void DdPrismModelBuilder<Type>::translateProgram(storm::prism::Program const& program, Options const& options) {
std::pair<storm::dd::Dd<Type>, storm::dd::Dd<Type>> DdPrismModelBuilder<Type>::translateProgram(storm::prism::Program const& program, Options const& options) {
// There might be nondeterministic variables. In that case the program must be prepared before translating.
storm::prism::Program preparedProgram;
if (options.constantDefinitions) {
@ -503,24 +510,42 @@ namespace storm {
preparedProgram = preparedProgram.substituteConstants();
std::cout << "translated prog: " << preparedProgram << std::endl;
// std::cout << "translated prog: " << preparedProgram << std::endl;
// Start by initializing the structure used for storing all information needed during the model generation.
// In particular, this creates the meta variables used to encode the model.
GenerationInformation generationInfo(preparedProgram);
auto clock = std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now();
storm::dd::Dd<Type> transitionMatrix = createSystemDecisionDiagram(generationInfo);
std::cout << "Built transition matrix in " << std::chrono::duration_cast<std::chrono::milliseconds>(std::chrono::high_resolution_clock::now() - clock).count() << "ms." << std::endl;
transitionMatrix.exportToDot("trans.dot");
std::cout << "num transitions: " << transitionMatrix.getNonZeroCount() << std::endl;
storm::dd::Dd<Type> initialStates = createInitialStatesDecisionDiagram(generationInfo);
std::cout << "initial states: " << initialStates.getNonZeroCount() << std::endl;
std::pair<storm::dd::Dd<Type>, ModuleDecisionDiagram> transitionMatrixModulePair = createSystemDecisionDiagram(generationInfo);
storm::dd::Dd<Type> transitionMatrix = transitionMatrixModulePair.first;
ModuleDecisionDiagram const& globalModule = transitionMatrixModulePair.second;
// Cut the transition matrix to the reachable fragment of the state space.
storm::dd::Dd<Type> reachableStates = computeReachableStates(generationInfo, createInitialStatesDecisionDiagram(generationInfo), transitionMatrix);
transitionMatrix *= reachableStates;
// Detect deadlocks and 1) fix them if requested 2) throw an error otherwise.
storm::dd::Dd<Type> statesWithTransition = transitionMatrix.notZero();
if (program.getModelType() == storm::prism::Program::ModelType::MDP) {
statesWithTransition.existsAbstract(generationInfo.allNondeterminismVariables);
}
statesWithTransition = statesWithTransition.existsAbstract(generationInfo.columnMetaVariables);
storm::dd::Dd<Type> deadlockStates = reachableStates * !statesWithTransition;
if (!deadlockStates.isZero()) {
// If we need to fix deadlocks, we do so now.
if (!storm::settings::generalSettings().isDontFixDeadlocksSet()) {
STORM_LOG_WARN("Fixing deadlocks in " << deadlockStates.getNonZeroCount() << " states.");
// FIXME: For MDPs, we need to use an action encoding if we do not want to attach a lot of self-loops.
transitionMatrix += deadlockStates * globalModule.identity;
} else {
STORM_LOG_THROW(false, storm::exceptions::InvalidArgumentException, "The model contains " << deadlockStates.getNonZeroCount() << " deadlock states. Please unset the option to not fix deadlocks, if you want to fix them automatically.");
}
}
storm::dd::Dd<Type> reachableStates = computeReachableStates(generationInfo, initialStates, transitionMatrix);
std::cout << "reachable states: " << reachableStates.getNonZeroCount() << std::endl;
exit(-1);
return std::make_pair(reachableStates, transitionMatrix * reachableStates);
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type>
@ -541,14 +566,9 @@ namespace storm {
// If the model is an MDP, we can abstract from the variables encoding the nondeterminism in the model.
storm::dd::Dd<Type> transitionBdd = transitions.notZero();
if (generationInfo.program.getModelType() == storm::prism::Program::ModelType::MDP) {
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> abstractVariables;
abstractVariables.insert(generationInfo.synchronizationMetaVariables.begin(), generationInfo.synchronizationMetaVariables.end());
abstractVariables.insert(generationInfo.nondeterminismMetaVariables.begin(), generationInfo.nondeterminismMetaVariables.end());
transitionBdd = transitionBdd.existsAbstract(abstractVariables);
transitionBdd = transitionBdd.existsAbstract(generationInfo.allNondeterminismVariables);
}
transitionBdd.exportToDot("trans.dot");
reachableStatesBdd.exportToDot("reach.dot");
// Perform the BFS to discover all reachable states.
bool changed = true;

76
src/builder/DdPrismModelBuilder.h
View File

@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ namespace storm {
*
* @param program The program to translate.
*/
static void translateProgram(storm::prism::Program const& program, Options const& options = Options());
static std::pair<storm::dd::Dd<Type>, storm::dd::Dd<Type>> translateProgram(storm::prism::Program const& program, Options const& options = Options());
private:
// This structure can store the decision diagrams representing a particular action.
@ -158,12 +158,19 @@ namespace storm {
// The meta variables used to encode the synchronization.
std::vector<storm::expressions::Variable> synchronizationMetaVariables;
// A set of all variables used for encoding the nondeterminism (i.e. nondetermism + synchronization
// variables). This is handy to abstract from this variable set.
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> allNondeterminismVariables;
// DDs representing the identity for each variable.
std::map<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::dd::Dd<Type>> variableToIdentityMap;
// DDs representing the identity for each module (index).
// DDs representing the identity for each module.
std::map<std::string, storm::dd::Dd<Type>> moduleToIdentityMap;
// DDs representing the valid ranges of the variables of each module.
std::map<std::string, storm::dd::Dd<Type>> moduleToRangeMap;
private:
/*!
* Creates the required meta variables and variable/module identities.
@ -173,6 +180,7 @@ namespace storm {
for (uint_fast64_t i = 0; i < program.getActionIndices().size(); ++i) {
std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable> variablePair = manager->addMetaVariable("sync" + std::to_string(i));
synchronizationMetaVariables.push_back(variablePair.first);
allNondeterminismVariables.insert(variablePair.first);
}
// Add nondeterminism variables (number of modules + number of commands).
@ -183,23 +191,10 @@ namespace storm {
for (uint_fast64_t i = 0; i < numberOfNondeterminismVariables; ++i) {
std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable> variablePair = manager->addMetaVariable("nondet" + std::to_string(i));
nondeterminismMetaVariables.push_back(variablePair.first);
allNondeterminismVariables.insert(variablePair.first);
}
// Create meta variables for global program variables.
for (storm::prism::BooleanVariable const& booleanVariable : program.getGlobalBooleanVariables()) {
std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable> variablePair = manager->addMetaVariable(booleanVariable.getName());
rowMetaVariables.insert(variablePair.first);
variableToRowMetaVariableMap.emplace(booleanVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.first);
columnMetaVariables.insert(variablePair.second);
variableToColumnMetaVariableMap.emplace(booleanVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.second);
storm::dd::Dd<Type> variableIdentity = manager->getIdentity(variablePair.first).equals(manager->getIdentity(variablePair.second));
variableToIdentityMap.emplace(booleanVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variableIdentity);
rowColumnMetaVariablePairs.push_back(variablePair);
}
for (storm::prism::IntegerVariable const& integerVariable : program.getGlobalIntegerVariables()) {
int_fast64_t low = integerVariable.getLowerBoundExpression().evaluateAsInt();
int_fast64_t high = integerVariable.getUpperBoundExpression().evaluateAsInt();
@ -213,47 +208,66 @@ namespace storm {
storm::dd::Dd<Type> variableIdentity = manager->getIdentity(variablePair.first).equals(manager->getIdentity(variablePair.second)) * manager->getRange(variablePair.first);
variableToIdentityMap.emplace(integerVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variableIdentity);
rowColumnMetaVariablePairs.push_back(variablePair);
} for (storm::prism::BooleanVariable const& booleanVariable : program.getGlobalBooleanVariables()) {
std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable> variablePair = manager->addMetaVariable(booleanVariable.getName());
rowMetaVariables.insert(variablePair.first);
variableToRowMetaVariableMap.emplace(booleanVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.first);
columnMetaVariables.insert(variablePair.second);
variableToColumnMetaVariableMap.emplace(booleanVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.second);
storm::dd::Dd<Type> variableIdentity = manager->getIdentity(variablePair.first).equals(manager->getIdentity(variablePair.second));
variableToIdentityMap.emplace(booleanVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variableIdentity);
rowColumnMetaVariablePairs.push_back(variablePair);
}
// Create meta variables for each of the modules' variables.
for (storm::prism::Module const& module : program.getModules()) {
storm::dd::Dd<Type> moduleIdentity = manager->getOne();
for (storm::prism::BooleanVariable const& booleanVariable : module.getBooleanVariables()) {
std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable> variablePair = manager->addMetaVariable(booleanVariable.getName());
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Created meta variables for boolean variable: " << variablePair.first.getName() << "[" << variablePair.first.getIndex() << "] and " << variablePair.second.getName() << "[" << variablePair.second.getIndex() << "]");
storm::dd::Dd<Type> moduleRange = manager->getOne();
for (storm::prism::IntegerVariable const& integerVariable : module.getIntegerVariables()) {
int_fast64_t low = integerVariable.getLowerBoundExpression().evaluateAsInt();
int_fast64_t high = integerVariable.getUpperBoundExpression().evaluateAsInt();
std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable> variablePair = manager->addMetaVariable(integerVariable.getName(), low, high);
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Created meta variables for integer variable: " << variablePair.first.getName() << "[" << variablePair.first.getIndex() << "] and " << variablePair.second.getName() << "[" << variablePair.second.getIndex() << "]");
rowMetaVariables.insert(variablePair.first);
variableToRowMetaVariableMap.emplace(booleanVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.first);
variableToRowMetaVariableMap.emplace(integerVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.first);
columnMetaVariables.insert(variablePair.second);
variableToColumnMetaVariableMap.emplace(booleanVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.second);
variableToColumnMetaVariableMap.emplace(integerVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.second);
storm::dd::Dd<Type> variableIdentity = manager->getIdentity(variablePair.first).equals(manager->getIdentity(variablePair.second)) * manager->getRange(variablePair.first) * manager->getRange(variablePair.second);
variableToIdentityMap.emplace(booleanVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variableIdentity);
variableIdentity.exportToDot(variablePair.first.getName() + "_ident.dot");
variableToIdentityMap.emplace(integerVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variableIdentity);
moduleIdentity *= variableIdentity;
moduleRange *= manager->getRange(variablePair.first);
rowColumnMetaVariablePairs.push_back(variablePair);
}
for (storm::prism::IntegerVariable const& integerVariable : module.getIntegerVariables()) {
int_fast64_t low = integerVariable.getLowerBoundExpression().evaluateAsInt();
int_fast64_t high = integerVariable.getUpperBoundExpression().evaluateAsInt();
std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable> variablePair = manager->addMetaVariable(integerVariable.getName(), low, high);
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Created meta variables for integer variable: " << variablePair.first.getName() << "[" << variablePair.first.getIndex() << "] and " << variablePair.second.getName() << "[" << variablePair.second.getIndex() << "]");
for (storm::prism::BooleanVariable const& booleanVariable : module.getBooleanVariables()) {
std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable> variablePair = manager->addMetaVariable(booleanVariable.getName());
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Created meta variables for boolean variable: " << variablePair.first.getName() << "[" << variablePair.first.getIndex() << "] and " << variablePair.second.getName() << "[" << variablePair.second.getIndex() << "]");
rowMetaVariables.insert(variablePair.first);
variableToRowMetaVariableMap.emplace(integerVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.first);
variableToRowMetaVariableMap.emplace(booleanVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.first);
columnMetaVariables.insert(variablePair.second);
variableToColumnMetaVariableMap.emplace(integerVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.second);
variableToColumnMetaVariableMap.emplace(booleanVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.second);
storm::dd::Dd<Type> variableIdentity = manager->getIdentity(variablePair.first).equals(manager->getIdentity(variablePair.second)) * manager->getRange(variablePair.first) * manager->getRange(variablePair.second);
variableToIdentityMap.emplace(integerVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variableIdentity);
variableToIdentityMap.emplace(booleanVariable.getExpressionVariable(), variableIdentity);
moduleIdentity *= variableIdentity;
moduleRange *= manager->getRange(variablePair.first);
rowColumnMetaVariablePairs.push_back(variablePair);
}
moduleToIdentityMap[module.getName()] = moduleIdentity;
moduleToRangeMap[module.getName()] = moduleRange;
}
}
};
@ -280,7 +294,7 @@ namespace storm {
static storm::dd::Dd<Type> createSystemFromModule(GenerationInformation& generationInfo, ModuleDecisionDiagram const& module);
static storm::dd::Dd<Type> createSystemDecisionDiagram(GenerationInformation& generationInfo);
static std::pair<storm::dd::Dd<Type>, ModuleDecisionDiagram> createSystemDecisionDiagram(GenerationInformation& generationInfo);
static storm::dd::Dd<Type> createInitialStatesDecisionDiagram(GenerationInformation& generationInfo);

36
test/functional/builder/DdPrismModelBuilderTest.cpp
View File

@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
#include "storm-config.h"
#include <utility>
#include "src/storage/dd/CuddDd.h"
#include "src/parser/PrismParser.h"
#include "src/builder/DdPrismModelBuilder.h"
TEST(DdPrismModelBuilderTest, Dtmc) {
storm::prism::Program program = storm::parser::PrismParser::parse(STORM_CPP_TESTS_BASE_PATH "/functional/builder/die.pm");
std::pair<storm::dd::Dd<storm::dd::DdType::CUDD>, storm::dd::Dd<storm::dd::DdType::CUDD>> model = storm::builder::DdPrismModelBuilder<storm::dd::DdType::CUDD>::translateProgram(program);
EXPECT_EQ(13, model.first.getNonZeroCount());
EXPECT_EQ(20, model.second.getNonZeroCount());
program = storm::parser::PrismParser::parse(STORM_CPP_TESTS_BASE_PATH "/functional/builder/brp-16-2.pm");
model = storm::builder::DdPrismModelBuilder<storm::dd::DdType::CUDD>::translateProgram(program);
EXPECT_EQ(677, model.first.getNonZeroCount());
EXPECT_EQ(867, model.second.getNonZeroCount());
program = storm::parser::PrismParser::parse(STORM_CPP_TESTS_BASE_PATH "/functional/builder/crowds-5-5.pm");
model = storm::builder::DdPrismModelBuilder<storm::dd::DdType::CUDD>::translateProgram(program);
EXPECT_EQ(8607, model.first.getNonZeroCount());
EXPECT_EQ(15113, model.second.getNonZeroCount());
program = storm::parser::PrismParser::parse(STORM_CPP_TESTS_BASE_PATH "/functional/builder/leader-3-5.pm");
model = storm::builder::DdPrismModelBuilder<storm::dd::DdType::CUDD>::translateProgram(program);
EXPECT_EQ(273, model.first.getNonZeroCount());
EXPECT_EQ(397, model.second.getNonZeroCount());
program = storm::parser::PrismParser::parse(STORM_CPP_TESTS_BASE_PATH "/functional/builder/nand-5-2.pm");
model = storm::builder::DdPrismModelBuilder<storm::dd::DdType::CUDD>::translateProgram(program);
EXPECT_EQ(1728, model.first.getNonZeroCount());
EXPECT_EQ(2505, model.second.getNonZeroCount());
}

33
test/functional/builder/ExplicitPrismModelBuilderTest.cpp
View File

@ -0,0 +1,33 @@
#include "gtest/gtest.h"
#include "storm-config.h"
#include "src/parser/PrismParser.h"
#include "src/builder/ExplicitPrismModelBuilder.h"
TEST(ExplicitPrismModelBuilderTest, Dtmc) {
storm::prism::Program program = storm::parser::PrismParser::parse(STORM_CPP_TESTS_BASE_PATH "/functional/builder/die.pm");
std::unique_ptr<storm::models::AbstractModel<double>> model = storm::builder::ExplicitPrismModelBuilder<double>::translateProgram(program);
EXPECT_EQ(13, model->getNumberOfStates());
EXPECT_EQ(20, model->getNumberOfTransitions());
program = storm::parser::PrismParser::parse(STORM_CPP_TESTS_BASE_PATH "/functional/builder/brp-16-2.pm");
model = storm::builder::ExplicitPrismModelBuilder<double>::translateProgram(program);
EXPECT_EQ(677, model->getNumberOfStates());
EXPECT_EQ(867, model->getNumberOfTransitions());
program = storm::parser::PrismParser::parse(STORM_CPP_TESTS_BASE_PATH "/functional/builder/crowds-5-5.pm");
model = storm::builder::ExplicitPrismModelBuilder<double>::translateProgram(program);
EXPECT_EQ(8607, model->getNumberOfStates());
EXPECT_EQ(15113, model->getNumberOfTransitions());
program = storm::parser::PrismParser::parse(STORM_CPP_TESTS_BASE_PATH "/functional/builder/leader-3-5.pm");
model = storm::builder::ExplicitPrismModelBuilder<double>::translateProgram(program);
EXPECT_EQ(273, model->getNumberOfStates());
EXPECT_EQ(397, model->getNumberOfTransitions());
program = storm::parser::PrismParser::parse(STORM_CPP_TESTS_BASE_PATH "/functional/builder/nand-5-2.pm");
model = storm::builder::ExplicitPrismModelBuilder<double>::translateProgram(program);
EXPECT_EQ(1728, model->getNumberOfStates());
EXPECT_EQ(2505, model->getNumberOfTransitions());
}
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