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#include "src/builder/DdJaniModelBuilder.h"
#include <sstream>
#include <boost/algorithm/string/join.hpp>
#include "src/logic/Formulas.h"
#include "src/storage/jani/Model.h"
#include "src/storage/jani/RenameComposition.h"
#include "src/storage/jani/AutomatonComposition.h"
#include "src/storage/jani/ParallelComposition.h"
#include "src/storage/dd/Add.h"
#include "src/storage/dd/Bdd.h"
#include "src/adapters/AddExpressionAdapter.h"
#include "src/utility/macros.h"
#include "src/utility/jani.h"
#include "src/exceptions/InvalidArgumentException.h"
namespace storm {
namespace builder {
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
DdJaniModelBuilder<Type, ValueType>::Options::Options() : buildAllRewardModels(true), rewardModelsToBuild(), constantDefinitions(), terminalStates(), negatedTerminalStates() {
// Intentionally left empty.
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
DdJaniModelBuilder<Type, ValueType>::Options::Options(storm::logic::Formula const& formula) : buildAllRewardModels(false), rewardModelsToBuild(), constantDefinitions(), terminalStates(), negatedTerminalStates() {
this->preserveFormula(formula);
this->setTerminalStatesFromFormula(formula);
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
DdJaniModelBuilder<Type, ValueType>::Options::Options(std::vector<std::shared_ptr<storm::logic::Formula const>> const& formulas) : buildAllRewardModels(false), rewardModelsToBuild(), constantDefinitions(), terminalStates(), negatedTerminalStates() {
if (formulas.empty()) {
this->buildAllRewardModels = true;
} else {
for (auto const& formula : formulas) {
this->preserveFormula(*formula);
}
if (formulas.size() == 1) {
this->setTerminalStatesFromFormula(*formulas.front());
}
}
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
void DdJaniModelBuilder<Type, ValueType>::Options::preserveFormula(storm::logic::Formula const& formula) {
// If we already had terminal states, we need to erase them.
if (terminalStates) {
terminalStates.reset();
}
if (negatedTerminalStates) {
negatedTerminalStates.reset();
}
// If we are not required to build all reward models, we determine the reward models we need to build.
if (!buildAllRewardModels) {
std::set<std::string> referencedRewardModels = formula.getReferencedRewardModels();
rewardModelsToBuild.insert(referencedRewardModels.begin(), referencedRewardModels.end());
}
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
void DdJaniModelBuilder<Type, ValueType>::Options::setTerminalStatesFromFormula(storm::logic::Formula const& formula) {
if (formula.isAtomicExpressionFormula()) {
terminalStates = formula.asAtomicExpressionFormula().getExpression();
} else if (formula.isEventuallyFormula()) {
storm::logic::Formula const& sub = formula.asEventuallyFormula().getSubformula();
if (sub.isAtomicExpressionFormula() || sub.isAtomicLabelFormula()) {
this->setTerminalStatesFromFormula(sub);
}
} else if (formula.isUntilFormula()) {
storm::logic::Formula const& right = formula.asUntilFormula().getRightSubformula();
if (right.isAtomicExpressionFormula() || right.isAtomicLabelFormula()) {
this->setTerminalStatesFromFormula(right);
}
storm::logic::Formula const& left = formula.asUntilFormula().getLeftSubformula();
if (left.isAtomicExpressionFormula()) {
negatedTerminalStates = left.asAtomicExpressionFormula().getExpression();
}
} else if (formula.isProbabilityOperatorFormula()) {
storm::logic::Formula const& sub = formula.asProbabilityOperatorFormula().getSubformula();
if (sub.isEventuallyFormula() || sub.isUntilFormula()) {
this->setTerminalStatesFromFormula(sub);
}
}
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
void DdJaniModelBuilder<Type, ValueType>::Options::addConstantDefinitionsFromString(storm::jani::Model const& model, std::string const& constantDefinitionString) {
std::map<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Expression> newConstantDefinitions = storm::utility::jani::parseConstantDefinitionString(model, constantDefinitionString);
// If there is at least one constant that is defined, and the constant definition map does not yet exist,
// we need to create it.
if (!constantDefinitions && !newConstantDefinitions.empty()) {
constantDefinitions = std::map<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Expression>();
}
// Now insert all the entries that need to be defined.
for (auto const& entry : newConstantDefinitions) {
constantDefinitions.get().insert(entry);
}
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
DdJaniModelBuilder<Type, ValueType>::DdJaniModelBuilder(storm::jani::Model const& model, Options const& options) : options(options) {
if (options.constantDefinitions) {
this->model = model.defineUndefinedConstants(options.constantDefinitions.get());
} else {
this->model = model;
}
if (this->model->hasUndefinedConstants()) {
std::vector<std::reference_wrapper<storm::jani::Constant const>> undefinedConstants = this->model->getUndefinedConstants();
std::vector<std::string> strings;
for (auto const& constant : undefinedConstants) {
std::stringstream stream;
stream << constant.get().getName() << " (" << constant.get().getType() << ")";
strings.push_back(stream.str());
}
STORM_LOG_THROW(false, storm::exceptions::InvalidArgumentException, "Program still contains these undefined constants: " << boost::join(strings, ", ") << ".");
}
this->model = this->model->substituteConstants();
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
struct CompositionVariables {
CompositionVariables() : manager(std::make_shared<storm::dd::DdManager<Type>>()),
variableToRowMetaVariableMap(std::make_shared<std::map<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable>>()),
rowExpressionAdapter(std::make_shared<storm::adapters::AddExpressionAdapter<Type>>(manager, variableToRowMetaVariableMap)),
variableToColumnMetaVariableMap(std::make_shared<std::map<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable>>()),
columnExpressionAdapter(std::make_shared<storm::adapters::AddExpressionAdapter<Type>>(manager, variableToColumnMetaVariableMap)) {
// Intentionally left empty.
}
std::shared_ptr<storm::dd::DdManager<Type>> manager;
// The meta variables for the row encoding.
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> rowMetaVariables;
std::shared_ptr<std::map<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable>> variableToRowMetaVariableMap;
std::shared_ptr<storm::adapters::AddExpressionAdapter<Type>> rowExpressionAdapter;
// The meta variables for the column encoding.
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> columnMetaVariables;
std::shared_ptr<std::map<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable>> variableToColumnMetaVariableMap;
std::shared_ptr<storm::adapters::AddExpressionAdapter<Type>> columnExpressionAdapter;
// All pairs of row/column meta variables.
std::vector<std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable>> rowColumnMetaVariablePairs;
// A mapping from automata to the meta variable encoding their location.
std::map<std::string, std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable>> automatonToLocationVariableMap;
// A mapping from action indices to the meta variables used to encode these actions.
std::map<uint64_t, storm::expressions::Variable> actionVariablesMap;
// The meta variables used to encode the remaining nondeterminism.
std::vector<storm::expressions::Variable> nondeterminismVariables;
// DDs representing the identity for each variable.
std::map<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType>> variableToIdentityMap;
// A set of all meta variables that correspond to global variables.
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> allGlobalVariables;
// DDs representing the identity for each automaton.
std::map<std::string, storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType>> automatonToIdentityMap;
// DDs representing the valid ranges of the variables of each automaton.
std::map<std::string, storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType>> automatonToRangeMap;
// A DD representing the valid ranges of the global variables.
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> globalVariableRanges;
};
// A class responsible for creating the necessary variables for a subsequent composition of automata.
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
class CompositionVariableCreator : public storm::jani::CompositionVisitor {
public:
CompositionVariableCreator(storm::jani::Model const& model) : model(model) {
// Intentionally left empty.
}
CompositionVariables<Type, ValueType> create() {
// First, check whether every automaton appears exactly once in the system composition.
automata.clear();
this->model.getSystemComposition().accept(*this, boost::none);
STORM_LOG_THROW(automata.size() == this->model.getNumberOfAutomata(), storm::exceptions::InvalidArgumentException, "Cannot build symbolic model from JANI model whose system composition refers to a subset of automata.");
// Then, check that the model does not contain unbounded integer variables.
STORM_LOG_THROW(!this->model.getGlobalVariables().containsUnboundedIntegerVariables(), storm::exceptions::InvalidArgumentException, "Cannot build symbolic model from JANI model that contains global unbounded integer variables.");
for (auto const& automaton : this->model.getAutomata()) {
STORM_LOG_THROW(!automaton.getVariables().containsUnboundedIntegerVariables(), storm::exceptions::InvalidArgumentException, "Cannot build symbolic model from JANI model that contains unbounded integer variables in automaton '" << automaton.getName() << "'.");
}
// Based on this assumption, we create the variables.
return createVariables();
}
boost::any visit(storm::jani::AutomatonComposition const& composition, boost::any const& data) override {
auto it = automata.find(composition.getAutomatonName());
STORM_LOG_THROW(it == automata.end(), storm::exceptions::InvalidArgumentException, "Cannot build symbolic model from JANI model whose system composition that refers to the automaton '" << composition.getAutomatonName() << "' multiple times.");
automata.insert(it, composition.getAutomatonName());
return boost::none;
}
boost::any visit(storm::jani::RenameComposition const& composition, boost::any const& data) override {
composition.getSubcomposition().accept(*this, boost::none);
return boost::none;
}
boost::any visit(storm::jani::ParallelComposition const& composition, boost::any const& data) override {
composition.getLeftSubcomposition().accept(*this, boost::none);
composition.getRightSubcomposition().accept(*this, boost::none);
return boost::none;
}
private:
CompositionVariables<Type, ValueType> createVariables() {
CompositionVariables<Type, ValueType> result;
for (auto const& action : this->model.getActions()) {
if (this->model.getActionIndex(action.getName()) != this->model.getSilentActionIndex()) {
std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable> variablePair = result.manager->addMetaVariable(action.getName());
result.actionVariablesMap[this->model.getActionIndex(action.getName())] = variablePair.first;
}
}
// FIXME: check how many nondeterminism variables we should actually allocate.
uint64_t numberOfNondeterminismVariables = this->model.getNumberOfAutomata();
for (auto const& automaton : this->model.getAutomata()) {
numberOfNondeterminismVariables += automaton.getNumberOfEdges();
}
for (uint_fast64_t i = 0; i < numberOfNondeterminismVariables; ++i) {
std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable> variablePair = result.manager->addMetaVariable("nondet" + std::to_string(i));
result.nondeterminismVariables.push_back(variablePair.first);
}
// Create global variables.
storm::dd::Bdd<Type> globalVariableRanges = result.manager->getBddOne();
for (auto const& variable : this->model.getGlobalVariables().getBoundedIntegerVariables()) {
createVariable(variable, result);
globalVariableRanges &= result.manager->getRange(result.variableToRowMetaVariableMap->at(variable.getExpressionVariable()));
}
for (auto const& variable : this->model.getGlobalVariables().getBooleanVariables()) {
createVariable(variable, result);
globalVariableRanges &= result.manager->getRange(result.variableToRowMetaVariableMap->at(variable.getExpressionVariable()));
}
result.globalVariableRanges = globalVariableRanges.template toAdd<ValueType>();
// Create the variables for the individual automata.
for (auto const& automaton : this->model.getAutomata()) {
storm::dd::Bdd<Type> identity = result.manager->getBddOne();
storm::dd::Bdd<Type> range = result.manager->getBddOne();
// Start by creating a meta variable for the location of the automaton.
std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable> variablePair = result.manager->addMetaVariable("l_" + automaton.getName(), 0, automaton.getNumberOfLocations() - 1);
result.automatonToLocationVariableMap[automaton.getName()] = variablePair;
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> variableIdentity = result.manager->template getIdentity<ValueType>(variablePair.first).equals(result.manager->template getIdentity<ValueType>(variablePair.second)).template toAdd<ValueType>() * result.manager->getRange(variablePair.first).template toAdd<ValueType>() * result.manager->getRange(variablePair.second).template toAdd<ValueType>();
identity &= variableIdentity.toBdd();
range &= result.manager->getRange(variablePair.first);
// Then create variables for the variables of the automaton.
for (auto const& variable : automaton.getVariables().getBoundedIntegerVariables()) {
createVariable(variable, result);
identity &= result.variableToIdentityMap.at(variable.getExpressionVariable()).toBdd();
range &= result.manager->getRange(result.variableToRowMetaVariableMap->at(variable.getExpressionVariable()));
}
for (auto const& variable : automaton.getVariables().getBooleanVariables()) {
createVariable(variable, result);
identity &= result.variableToIdentityMap.at(variable.getExpressionVariable()).toBdd();
range &= result.manager->getRange(result.variableToRowMetaVariableMap->at(variable.getExpressionVariable()));
}
result.automatonToIdentityMap[automaton.getName()] = identity.template toAdd<ValueType>();
result.automatonToRangeMap[automaton.getName()] = (range && globalVariableRanges).template toAdd<ValueType>();
}
return result;
}
void createVariable(storm::jani::BoundedIntegerVariable const& variable, CompositionVariables<Type, ValueType>& result) {
int_fast64_t low = variable.getLowerBound().evaluateAsInt();
int_fast64_t high = variable.getUpperBound().evaluateAsInt();
std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable> variablePair = result.manager->addMetaVariable(variable.getName(), low, high);
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Created meta variables for global integer variable: " << variablePair.first.getName() << "] and " << variablePair.second.getName() << ".");
result.rowMetaVariables.insert(variablePair.first);
result.variableToRowMetaVariableMap->emplace(variable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.first);
result.columnMetaVariables.insert(variablePair.second);
result.variableToColumnMetaVariableMap->emplace(variable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.second);
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> variableIdentity = result.manager->template getIdentity<ValueType>(variablePair.first).equals(result.manager->template getIdentity<ValueType>(variablePair.second)).template toAdd<ValueType>() * result.manager->getRange(variablePair.first).template toAdd<ValueType>() * result.manager->getRange(variablePair.second).template toAdd<ValueType>();
result.variableToIdentityMap.emplace(variable.getExpressionVariable(), variableIdentity);
result.rowColumnMetaVariablePairs.push_back(variablePair);
result.allGlobalVariables.insert(variable.getExpressionVariable());
}
void createVariable(storm::jani::BooleanVariable const& variable, CompositionVariables<Type, ValueType>& result) {
std::pair<storm::expressions::Variable, storm::expressions::Variable> variablePair = result.manager->addMetaVariable(variable.getName());
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Created meta variables for global boolean variable: " << variablePair.first.getName() << " and " << variablePair.second.getName() << ".");
result.rowMetaVariables.insert(variablePair.first);
result.variableToRowMetaVariableMap->emplace(variable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.first);
result.columnMetaVariables.insert(variablePair.second);
result.variableToColumnMetaVariableMap->emplace(variable.getExpressionVariable(), variablePair.second);
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> variableIdentity = result.manager->template getIdentity<ValueType>(variablePair.first).equals(result.manager->template getIdentity<ValueType>(variablePair.second)).template toAdd<ValueType>();
result.variableToIdentityMap.emplace(variable.getExpressionVariable(), variableIdentity);
result.rowColumnMetaVariablePairs.push_back(variablePair);
result.allGlobalVariables.insert(variable.getExpressionVariable());
}
storm::jani::Model const& model;
std::set<std::string> automata;
};
template<storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
struct EdgeDestinationDd {
EdgeDestinationDd(storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> const& transitionsDd, std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> const& writtenGlobalVariables = {}) : transitionsDd(transitionsDd), writtenGlobalVariables(writtenGlobalVariables) {
// Intentionally left empty.
}
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> transitionsDd;
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> writtenGlobalVariables;
};
// This structure represents an edge.
template<storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
struct EdgeDd {
EdgeDd(storm::dd::Add<Type> const& guardDd = storm::dd::Add<Type>(), storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> const& transitionsDd = storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType>(), std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> const& writtenGlobalVariables = {}, std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> const& globalVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes = {}) : guardDd(guardDd), transitionsDd(transitionsDd), writtenGlobalVariables(writtenGlobalVariables), globalVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes(globalVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes) {
// Intentionally left empty.
}
EdgeDd(EdgeDd const& other) : guardDd(other.guardDd), transitionsDd(other.transitionsDd), writtenGlobalVariables(other.writtenGlobalVariables), globalVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes(other.globalVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes) {
// Intentionally left empty.
}
EdgeDd& operator=(EdgeDd const& other) {
if (this != &other) {
globalVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes = other.globalVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes;
writtenGlobalVariables = other.writtenGlobalVariables;
guardDd = other.guardDd;
transitionsDd = other.transitionsDd;
}
return *this;
}
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> guardDd;
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> transitionsDd;
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> writtenGlobalVariables;
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> globalVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes;
};
// This structure represents a subcomponent of a composition.
template<storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
struct AutomatonDd {
AutomatonDd(storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> const& identity) : identity(identity) {
// Intentionally left empty.
}
std::map<uint64_t, std::vector<EdgeDd<Type, ValueType>>> actionIndexToEdges;
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> identity;
};
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
EdgeDd<Type, ValueType> extendEdgeWithIdentity(EdgeDd<Type, ValueType> const& edge, storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> const& identity) {
EdgeDd<Type, ValueType> result(edge);
result.transitionsDd *= identity;
return result;
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
EdgeDd<Type, ValueType> composeEdgesInParallel(EdgeDd<Type, ValueType> const& edge1, EdgeDd<Type, ValueType> const& edge2) {
EdgeDd<Type, ValueType> result;
// Compute the set of variables written multiple times by the composition.
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> oldVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes;
std::set_union(edge1.globalVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes.begin(), edge1.globalVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes.end(), edge2.globalVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes.begin(), edge2.globalVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes.end(), std::inserter(oldVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes, oldVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes.begin()));
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> newVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes;
std::set_intersection(edge1.writtenGlobalVariables.begin(), edge1.writtenGlobalVariables.end(), edge2.writtenGlobalVariables.begin(), edge2.writtenGlobalVariables.end(), std::inserter(newVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes, newVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes.begin()));
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> variablesWrittenMultipleTimes;
std::set_union(oldVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes.begin(), oldVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes.end(), newVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes.begin(), newVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes.end(), std::inserter(variablesWrittenMultipleTimes, variablesWrittenMultipleTimes.begin()));
result.globalVariablesWrittenMultipleTimes = std::move(variablesWrittenMultipleTimes);
// Compute the set of variables written by the composition.
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> variablesWritten;
std::set_union(edge1.writtenGlobalVariables.begin(), edge1.writtenGlobalVariables.end(), edge2.writtenGlobalVariables.begin(), edge2.writtenGlobalVariables.end(), std::inserter(variablesWritten, variablesWritten.begin()));
result.writtenGlobalVariables = variablesWritten;
// Compose the guards.
result.guardDd = edge1.guardDd * edge2.guardDd;
// Compose the transitions.
result.transitionsDd = edge1.transitionsDd * edge2.transitionsDd;
return result;
}
static int c = 0;
// A class that is responsible for performing the actual composition.
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
class AutomatonComposer : public storm::jani::CompositionVisitor {
public:
AutomatonComposer(storm::jani::Model const& model, CompositionVariables<Type, ValueType> const& variables) : model(model), variables(variables) {
// Intentionally left empty.
}
AutomatonDd<Type, ValueType> compose() {
return boost::any_cast<AutomatonDd<Type, ValueType>>(this->model.getSystemComposition().accept(*this, boost::none));
}
boost::any visit(storm::jani::AutomatonComposition const& composition, boost::any const& data) override {
return buildAutomatonDd(composition.getAutomatonName());
}
boost::any visit(storm::jani::RenameComposition const& composition, boost::any const& data) override {
AutomatonDd<Type, ValueType> subautomaton = boost::any_cast<AutomatonDd<Type, ValueType>>(composition.getSubcomposition().accept(*this, boost::none));
// Build a mapping from indices to indices for the renaming.
std::map<uint64_t, uint64_t> renamingIndexToIndex;
for (auto const& entry : composition.getRenaming()) {
if (this->model.getActionIndex(entry.first) != this->model.getSilentActionIndex()) {
// Distinguish the cases where we hide the action or properly rename it.
if (entry.second) {
renamingIndexToIndex.emplace(this->model.getActionIndex(entry.first), this->model.getActionIndex(entry.second.get()));
} else {
renamingIndexToIndex.emplace(this->model.getActionIndex(entry.first), this->model.getSilentActionIndex());
}
} else {
STORM_LOG_THROW(false, storm::exceptions::InvalidArgumentException, "Renaming composition must not rename the silent action.");
}
}
// Finally, apply the renaming.
AutomatonDd<Type, ValueType> result(subautomaton.identity);
for (auto const& actionEdges : subautomaton.actionIndexToEdges) {
auto it = renamingIndexToIndex.find(actionEdges.first);
if (it != renamingIndexToIndex.end()) {
// If we are to rename the action, do so.
result.actionIndexToEdges[it->second].insert(result.actionIndexToEdges[it->second].end(), actionEdges.second.begin(), actionEdges.second.end());
} else {
// Otherwise copy over the edges.
result.actionIndexToEdges[it->first].insert(result.actionIndexToEdges[it->first].begin(), actionEdges.second.begin(), actionEdges.second.end());
}
}
return result;
}
boost::any visit(storm::jani::ParallelComposition const& composition, boost::any const& data) override {
AutomatonDd<Type, ValueType> leftSubautomaton = boost::any_cast<AutomatonDd<Type, ValueType>>(composition.getLeftSubcomposition().accept(*this, boost::none));
AutomatonDd<Type, ValueType> rightSubautomaton = boost::any_cast<AutomatonDd<Type, ValueType>>(composition.getRightSubcomposition().accept(*this, boost::none));
// Build the set of synchronizing action indices.
std::set<uint64_t> synchronizingActionIndices;
for (auto const& entry : composition.getSynchronizationAlphabet()) {
if (this->model.getActionIndex(entry) != this->model.getSilentActionIndex()) {
synchronizingActionIndices.insert(this->model.getActionIndex(entry));
} else {
STORM_LOG_THROW(false, storm::exceptions::InvalidArgumentException, "Parallel composition must not synchronize over silent action.");
}
}
// Perform the composition.
// First, consider all actions in the left subcomposition.
AutomatonDd<Type, ValueType> result(leftSubautomaton.identity * rightSubautomaton.identity);
for (auto const& actionEdges : leftSubautomaton.actionIndexToEdges) {
// If we need to synchronize over this action, do so now.
if (synchronizingActionIndices.find(actionEdges.first) != synchronizingActionIndices.end()) {
auto rightIt = rightSubautomaton.actionIndexToEdges.find(actionEdges.first);
if (rightIt != rightSubautomaton.actionIndexToEdges.end()) {
for (auto const& edge1 : actionEdges.second) {
for (auto const& edge2 : rightIt->second) {
result.actionIndexToEdges[actionEdges.first].push_back(composeEdgesInParallel(edge1, edge2));
}
}
}
} else {
// Extend all edges by the missing identity (unsynchronizing) and copy them over.
for (auto const& edge : actionEdges.second) {
result.actionIndexToEdges[actionEdges.first].push_back(extendEdgeWithIdentity(edge, rightSubautomaton.identity));
}
}
}
// Then, consider all actions in the right subcomposition. All synchronizing actions can be ignored, because
// we would have dealt with them earlier if there was a suitable synchronization partner. Since there is none,
// such transitions can not be taken and we can drop them.
for (auto const& actionEdges : rightSubautomaton.actionIndexToEdges) {
if (synchronizingActionIndices.find(actionEdges.first) == synchronizingActionIndices.end()) {
for (auto const& edge : actionEdges.second) {
result.actionIndexToEdges[actionEdges.first].push_back(extendEdgeWithIdentity(edge, leftSubautomaton.identity));
}
}
}
return result;
}
private:
EdgeDestinationDd<Type, ValueType> buildEdgeDestinationDd(storm::jani::Automaton const& automaton, storm::jani::EdgeDestination const& destination, storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> const& guard) {
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> transitionsDd = variables.manager->template getAddOne<ValueType>();
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Translating edge destination.");
// Iterate over all assignments (boolean and integer) and build the DD for it.
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> assignedVariables;
for (auto const& assignment : destination.getAssignments()) {
// Record the variable as being written.
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Assigning to variable " << variables.variableToRowMetaVariableMap->at(assignment.getExpressionVariable()).getName());
assignedVariables.insert(assignment.getExpressionVariable());
// Translate the written variable.
auto const& primedMetaVariable = variables.variableToColumnMetaVariableMap->at(assignment.getExpressionVariable());
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> writtenVariable = variables.manager->template getIdentity<ValueType>(primedMetaVariable);
// Translate the expression that is being assigned.
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> updateExpression = variables.rowExpressionAdapter->translateExpression(assignment.getAssignedExpression());
// Combine the update expression with the guard.
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> result = updateExpression * guard;
// Combine the variable and the assigned expression.
result = result.equals(writtenVariable).template toAdd<ValueType>();
result *= guard;
// Restrict the transitions to the range of the written variable.
result = result * variables.manager->getRange(primedMetaVariable).template toAdd<ValueType>();
// Combine the assignment DDs.
transitionsDd *= result;
}
// Compute the set of assigned global variables.
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> assignedGlobalVariables;
std::set_intersection(assignedVariables.begin(), assignedVariables.end(), variables.allGlobalVariables.begin(), variables.allGlobalVariables.end(), std::inserter(assignedGlobalVariables, assignedGlobalVariables.begin()));
// All unassigned boolean variables need to keep their value.
for (storm::jani::BooleanVariable const& variable : automaton.getVariables().getBooleanVariables()) {
if (assignedVariables.find(variable.getExpressionVariable()) == assignedVariables.end()) {
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Multiplying identity of variable " << variable.getName());
transitionsDd *= variables.variableToIdentityMap.at(variable.getExpressionVariable());
}
}
// All unassigned integer variables need to keep their value.
for (storm::jani::BoundedIntegerVariable const& variable : automaton.getVariables().getBoundedIntegerVariables()) {
if (assignedVariables.find(variable.getExpressionVariable()) == assignedVariables.end()) {
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Multiplying identity of variable " << variable.getName());
transitionsDd *= variables.variableToIdentityMap.at(variable.getExpressionVariable());
}
}
return EdgeDestinationDd<Type, ValueType>(variables.manager->getEncoding(variables.automatonToLocationVariableMap.at(automaton.getName()).second, destination.getLocationId()).template toAdd<ValueType>() * transitionsDd * variables.rowExpressionAdapter->translateExpression(destination.getProbability()), assignedGlobalVariables);
}
/*!
* Builds the DD for the given edge.
*/
EdgeDd<Type, ValueType> buildEdgeDd(storm::jani::Automaton const& automaton, storm::jani::Edge const& edge) {
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Translating guard " << edge.getGuard());
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> guard = variables.rowExpressionAdapter->translateExpression(edge.getGuard()) * variables.automatonToRangeMap.at(automaton.getName());
STORM_LOG_WARN_COND(!guard.isZero(), "The guard '" << edge.getGuard() << "' is unsatisfiable.");
if (!guard.isZero()) {
// Create the DDs representing the individual updates.
std::vector<EdgeDestinationDd<Type, ValueType>> destinationDds;
for (storm::jani::EdgeDestination const& destination : edge.getDestinations()) {
destinationDds.push_back(buildEdgeDestinationDd(automaton, destination, guard));
STORM_LOG_WARN_COND(!destinationDds.back().transitionsDd.isZero(), "Destination does not have any effect.");
}
// Start by gathering all variables that were written in at least one update.
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> globalVariablesInSomeUpdate;
// If the edge is not labeled with the silent action, we have to analyze which portion of the global
// variables was written by any of the updates and make all update results equal w.r.t. this set. If
// the edge is labeled with the silent action, we can already multiply the identities of all global variables.
if (edge.getActionId() != this->model.getSilentActionIndex()) {
std::for_each(destinationDds.begin(), destinationDds.end(), [&globalVariablesInSomeUpdate] (EdgeDestinationDd<Type, ValueType> const& edgeDestinationDd) { globalVariablesInSomeUpdate.insert(edgeDestinationDd.writtenGlobalVariables.begin(), edgeDestinationDd.writtenGlobalVariables.end()); } );
} else {
globalVariablesInSomeUpdate = variables.allGlobalVariables;
}
// Then, multiply the missing identities.
for (auto& destinationDd : destinationDds) {
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> missingIdentities;
std::set_difference(globalVariablesInSomeUpdate.begin(), globalVariablesInSomeUpdate.end(), destinationDd.writtenGlobalVariables.begin(), destinationDd.writtenGlobalVariables.end(), std::inserter(missingIdentities, missingIdentities.begin()));
for (auto const& variable : missingIdentities) {
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Multiplying identity for variable " << variable.getName() << " to destination DD.");
destinationDd.transitionsDd *= variables.variableToIdentityMap.at(variable);
}
}
// Now combine the destination DDs to the edge DD.
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> transitionsDd = variables.manager->template getAddZero<ValueType>();
for (auto const& destinationDd : destinationDds) {
transitionsDd += destinationDd.transitionsDd;
}
// Add the source location and the guard.
transitionsDd *= variables.manager->getEncoding(variables.automatonToLocationVariableMap.at(automaton.getName()).first, edge.getSourceLocationId()).template toAdd<ValueType>() * guard;
// If we Multiply the ranges of global variables if we wrote at least one to make sure everything stays within its bounds.
if (!globalVariablesInSomeUpdate.empty()) {
transitionsDd *= variables.globalVariableRanges;
}
return EdgeDd<Type, ValueType>(guard, transitionsDd, globalVariablesInSomeUpdate);
} else {
return EdgeDd<Type, ValueType>(variables.manager->template getAddZero<ValueType>(), variables.manager->template getAddZero<ValueType>());
}
}
/*!
* Builds the DD for the automaton with the given name.
*/
AutomatonDd<Type, ValueType> buildAutomatonDd(std::string const& automatonName) {
AutomatonDd<Type, ValueType> result(variables.automatonToIdentityMap.at(automatonName));
storm::jani::Automaton const& automaton = this->model.getAutomaton(automatonName);
for (auto const& edge : automaton.getEdges()) {
// Build the edge and add it if it adds transitions.
EdgeDd<Type, ValueType> edgeDd = buildEdgeDd(automaton, edge);
if (!edgeDd.guardDd.isZero()) {
result.actionIndexToEdges[edge.getActionId()].push_back(edgeDd);
}
}
return result;
}
// The model that is referred to by the composition.
storm::jani::Model const& model;
// The variable to use when building an automaton.
CompositionVariables<Type, ValueType> const& variables;
};
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> encodeAction(uint64_t trueIndex, std::vector<storm::expressions::Variable> const& actionVariables, CompositionVariables<Type, ValueType> const& variables) {
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> encoding = variables.manager->template getAddZero<ValueType>();
trueIndex = actionVariables.size() - (trueIndex + 1);
uint64_t index = 0;
for (auto it = actionVariables.rbegin(), ite = actionVariables.rend(); it != ite; ++it, ++index) {
if (index == trueIndex) {
encoding *= variables.manager->getEncoding(*it, 1).template toAdd<ValueType>();
} else {
encoding *= variables.manager->getEncoding(*it, 0).template toAdd<ValueType>();
}
}
return encoding;
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> computeMissingGlobalVariableIdentities(EdgeDd<Type, ValueType> const& edge, CompositionVariables<Type, ValueType> const& variables) {
std::set<storm::expressions::Variable> missingIdentities;
std::set_difference(variables.allGlobalVariables.begin(), variables.allGlobalVariables.end(), edge.writtenGlobalVariables.begin(), edge.writtenGlobalVariables.end(), std::inserter(missingIdentities, missingIdentities.begin()));
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> identityEncoding = variables.manager->template getAddOne<ValueType>();
for (auto const& variable : missingIdentities) {
identityEncoding *= variables.variableToIdentityMap.at(variable);
}
return identityEncoding;
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> encodeIndex(uint64_t index, std::vector<storm::expressions::Variable> const& nondeterminismVariables, CompositionVariables<Type, ValueType> const& variables) {
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> result = variables.manager->template getAddZero<ValueType>();
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Encoding " << index << " with " << nondeterminismVariables.size() << " binary variable(s).");
std::map<storm::expressions::Variable, int_fast64_t> metaVariableNameToValueMap;
for (uint_fast64_t i = 0; i < nondeterminismVariables.size(); ++i) {
if (index & (1ull << (nondeterminismVariables.size() - i - 1))) {
metaVariableNameToValueMap.emplace(nondeterminismVariables[i], 1);
} else {
metaVariableNameToValueMap.emplace(nondeterminismVariables[i], 0);
}
}
result.setValue(metaVariableNameToValueMap, 1);
return result;
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> createGlobalTransitionRelation(storm::jani::Model const& model, AutomatonDd<Type, ValueType> const& automatonDd, CompositionVariables<Type, ValueType> const& variables) {
// If the model is an MDP, we need to encode the nondeterminism using additional variables.
if (model.getModelType() == storm::jani::ModelType::MDP) {
// Determine how many nondeterminism variables we need.
std::vector<storm::expressions::Variable> actionVariables;
std::map<uint64_t, uint64_t> actionIndexToVariableIndex;
uint64_t maximalNumberOfEdgesPerAction = 0;
for (auto const& action : automatonDd.actionIndexToEdges) {
actionVariables.push_back(variables.actionVariablesMap.at(action.first));
actionIndexToVariableIndex[action.first] = actionVariables.size() - 1;
maximalNumberOfEdgesPerAction = std::max(maximalNumberOfEdgesPerAction, static_cast<uint64_t>(action.second.size()));
}
uint64_t numberOfNondeterminismVariables = static_cast<uint64_t>(std::ceil(std::log2(maximalNumberOfEdgesPerAction)));
std::vector<storm::expressions::Variable> nondeterminismVariables(numberOfNondeterminismVariables);
std::copy(variables.nondeterminismVariables.begin(), variables.nondeterminismVariables.begin() + numberOfNondeterminismVariables, nondeterminismVariables.begin());
// Prepare result.
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> result = variables.manager->template getAddZero<ValueType>();
// Add edges to the result.
for (auto const& action : automatonDd.actionIndexToEdges) {
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> edgesForAction = variables.manager->template getAddZero<ValueType>();
uint64_t edgeIndex = 0;
for (auto const& edge : action.second) {
edgesForAction += edge.transitionsDd * computeMissingGlobalVariableIdentities(edge, variables) * encodeIndex(edgeIndex, nondeterminismVariables, variables);
++edgeIndex;
}
result += edgesForAction * encodeAction<Type, ValueType>(actionIndexToVariableIndex.at(action.first), actionVariables, variables);
}
} else if (model.getModelType() == storm::jani::ModelType::DTMC || model.getModelType() == storm::jani::ModelType::CTMC) {
// Simply add all actions, but make sure to include the missing global variable identities.
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> result = variables.manager->template getAddZero<ValueType>();
for (auto const& action : automatonDd.actionIndexToEdges) {
for (auto const& edge : action.second) {
result += edge.transitionsDd * computeMissingGlobalVariableIdentities(edge, variables);
}
}
return result;
} else {
STORM_LOG_THROW(false, storm::exceptions::InvalidArgumentException, "Illegal model type.");
}
return storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType>();
}
template <storm::dd::DdType Type, typename ValueType>
std::shared_ptr<storm::models::symbolic::Model<Type, ValueType>> DdJaniModelBuilder<Type, ValueType>::translate() {
CompositionVariableCreator<Type, ValueType> variableCreator(*this->model);
CompositionVariables<Type, ValueType> variables = variableCreator.create();
AutomatonComposer<Type, ValueType> composer(*this->model, variables);
AutomatonDd<Type, ValueType> system = composer.compose();
storm::dd::Add<Type, ValueType> transitions = createGlobalTransitionRelation(*this->model, system, variables);
// FIXME
return nullptr;
}
template class DdJaniModelBuilder<storm::dd::DdType::CUDD, double>;
template class DdJaniModelBuilder<storm::dd::DdType::Sylvan, double>;
}
}