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Refactoring of constraint generation

main
Alexander Bork 7 years ago
parent
be86014007
commit
33b6ba6d8f
4 changed files with 689 additions and 548 deletions
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  1. 719
      src/storm-dft/modelchecker/dft/DFTASFChecker.cpp
  2. 87
      src/storm-dft/modelchecker/dft/DFTASFChecker.h
  3. 407
      src/storm-dft/modelchecker/dft/SmtConstraint.cpp
  4. 24
      src/storm-dft/modelchecker/dft/SmtConstraint.h

719
src/storm-dft/modelchecker/dft/DFTASFChecker.cpp
View File

@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
#include "DFTASFChecker.h"
#include "SmtConstraint.cpp"
#include <string>
#include "storm/utility/file.h"
#include "storm/utility/bitoperations.h"
@ -6,399 +7,8 @@
#include "storm/exceptions/NotSupportedException.h"
namespace storm {
namespace modelchecker {
/*
* Variable[VarIndex] is the maximum of the others
*/
class IsMaximum : public DFTConstraint {
public:
IsMaximum(uint64_t varIndex, std::vector<uint64_t> const& varIndices) : varIndex(varIndex), varIndices(varIndices) {
}
virtual ~IsMaximum() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(and ";
// assert it is largereq than all values.
for (auto const& ovi : varIndices) {
sstr << "(>= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << varNames.at(ovi) << ") ";
}
// assert it is one of the values.
sstr << "(or ";
for (auto const& ovi : varIndices) {
sstr << "(= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << varNames.at(ovi) << ") ";
}
sstr << ")"; // end of the or
sstr << ")"; // end outer and.
return sstr.str();
}
private:
uint64_t varIndex;
std::vector<uint64_t> varIndices;
};
/*
* First is the minimum of the others
*/
class IsMinimum : public DFTConstraint {
public:
IsMinimum(uint64_t varIndex, std::vector<uint64_t> const& varIndices) : varIndex(varIndex), varIndices(varIndices) {
}
virtual ~IsMinimum() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(and ";
// assert it is smallereq than all values.
for (auto const& ovi : varIndices) {
sstr << "(<= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << varNames.at(ovi) << ") ";
}
// assert it is one of the values.
sstr << "(or ";
for (auto const& ovi : varIndices) {
sstr << "(= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << varNames.at(ovi) << ") ";
}
sstr << ")"; // end of the or
sstr << ")"; // end outer and.
return sstr.str();
}
private:
uint64_t varIndex;
std::vector<uint64_t> varIndices;
};
class BetweenValues : public DFTConstraint {
public:
BetweenValues(uint64_t varIndex, uint64_t lower, uint64_t upper) : varIndex(varIndex), upperBound(upper) , lowerBound(lower) {
}
virtual ~BetweenValues() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(and ";
sstr << "(>= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << lowerBound << ")";
sstr << "(<= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << upperBound << ")";
sstr << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
uint64_t varIndex;
uint64_t upperBound;
uint64_t lowerBound;
};
class And : public DFTConstraint {
public:
And(std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint>> const& constraints) : constraints(constraints) {
}
virtual ~And() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
if (constraints.empty()) {
sstr << "true";
} else {
sstr << "(and";
for(auto const& c : constraints) {
sstr << " " << c->toSmtlib2(varNames);
}
sstr << ")";
}
return sstr.str();
}
private:
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint>> constraints;
};
class Or : public DFTConstraint {
public:
Or(std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint>> const& constraints) : constraints(constraints) {
}
virtual ~Or() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
if (constraints.empty()) {
sstr << "false";
} else {
sstr << "(or";
for(auto const& c : constraints) {
sstr << " " << c->toSmtlib2(varNames);
}
sstr << ")";
}
return sstr.str();
}
private:
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint>> constraints;
};
class Implies : public DFTConstraint {
public:
Implies(std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> l, std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> r) : lhs(l), rhs(r) {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(=> " << lhs->toSmtlib2(varNames) << " " << rhs->toSmtlib2(varNames) << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> lhs;
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> rhs;
};
class Iff : public DFTConstraint {
public:
Iff(std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> l, std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> r) : lhs(l), rhs(r) {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(= " << lhs->toSmtlib2(varNames) << " " << rhs->toSmtlib2(varNames) << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> lhs;
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> rhs;
};
class IsTrue : public DFTConstraint {
public:
IsTrue(bool val) :value(val) {
}
virtual ~IsTrue() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << (value ? "true" : "false");
return sstr.str();
}
private:
bool value;
};
class IsBoolValue : public DFTConstraint {
public:
IsBoolValue(uint64_t varIndex, bool val) : varIndex(varIndex), value(val) {
}
virtual ~IsBoolValue() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
assert(varIndex < varNames.size());
if (value) {
sstr << varNames.at(varIndex);
} else {
sstr << "(not " << varNames.at(varIndex) << ")";
}
return sstr.str();
}
private:
uint64_t varIndex;
bool value;
};
class IsConstantValue : public DFTConstraint {
public:
IsConstantValue(uint64_t varIndex, uint64_t val) : varIndex(varIndex), value(val) {
}
virtual ~IsConstantValue() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
assert(varIndex < varNames.size());
sstr << "(= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << value << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
uint64_t varIndex;
uint64_t value;
};
class IsLessConstant : public DFTConstraint {
public:
IsLessConstant(uint64_t varIndex, uint64_t val) :varIndex(varIndex), value(val) {
}
virtual ~IsLessConstant() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
assert(varIndex < varNames.size());
sstr << "(< " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << value << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
uint64_t varIndex;
uint64_t value;
};
class IsLessEqualConstant : public DFTConstraint {
public:
IsLessEqualConstant(uint64_t varIndex, uint64_t val) :varIndex(varIndex), value(val) {
}
virtual ~IsLessEqualConstant() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
assert(varIndex < varNames.size());
sstr << "(<= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << value << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
uint64_t varIndex;
uint64_t value;
};
class IsEqual : public DFTConstraint {
public:
IsEqual(uint64_t varIndex1, uint64_t varIndex2) :var1Index(varIndex1), var2Index(varIndex2) {
}
virtual ~IsEqual() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
return "(= " + varNames.at(var1Index) + " " + varNames.at(var2Index) + ")";
}
private:
uint64_t var1Index;
uint64_t var2Index;
};
class IsLess : public DFTConstraint {
public:
IsLess(uint64_t varIndex1, uint64_t varIndex2) :var1Index(varIndex1), var2Index(varIndex2) {
}
virtual ~IsLess() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
return "(< " + varNames.at(var1Index) + " " + varNames.at(var2Index) + ")";
}
private:
uint64_t var1Index;
uint64_t var2Index;
};
class PairwiseDifferent : public DFTConstraint {
public:
PairwiseDifferent(std::vector<uint64_t> const& indices) : varIndices(indices) {
}
virtual ~PairwiseDifferent() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(distinct";
// for(uint64_t i = 0; i < varIndices.size(); ++i) {
// for(uint64_t j = i + 1; j < varIndices.size(); ++j) {
// sstr << "()";
// }
// }
for (auto const& varIndex : varIndices) {
sstr << " " << varNames.at(varIndex);
}
sstr << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
std::vector<uint64_t> varIndices;
};
class Sorted : public DFTConstraint {
public:
Sorted(std::vector<uint64_t> varIndices) : varIndices(varIndices) {
}
virtual ~Sorted() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(and ";
for(uint64_t i = 1; i < varIndices.size(); ++i) {
sstr << "(<= " << varNames.at(varIndices.at(i-1)) << " " << varNames.at(varIndices.at(i)) << ")";
}
sstr << ") ";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
std::vector<uint64_t> varIndices;
};
class IfThenElse : public DFTConstraint {
public:
IfThenElse(std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> ifC, std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> thenC, std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> elseC) : ifConstraint(ifC), thenConstraint(thenC), elseConstraint(elseC) {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(ite " << ifConstraint->toSmtlib2(varNames) << " " << thenConstraint->toSmtlib2(varNames) << " " << elseConstraint->toSmtlib2(varNames) << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> ifConstraint;
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> thenConstraint;
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> elseConstraint;
};
namespace modelchecker {
DFTASFChecker::DFTASFChecker(storm::storage::DFT<double> const& dft) : dft(dft) {
// Intentionally left empty.
}
@ -475,116 +85,26 @@ namespace storm {
// BEs were already considered before
break;
case storm::storage::DFTElementType::AND:
// Constraint for AND gate (constraint 1)
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IsMaximum>(timePointVariables.at(i), childVarIndices));
constraints.back()->setDescription("AND gate " + element->name());
generateAndConstraint(i, childVarIndices, element);
break;
case storm::storage::DFTElementType::OR:
// Constraint for OR gate (constraint 2)
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IsMinimum>(timePointVariables.at(i), childVarIndices));
constraints.back()->setDescription("OR gate " + element->name());
generateOrConstraint(i, childVarIndices, element);
break;
case storm::storage::DFTElementType::VOT:
{
// VOTs are implemented via OR over ANDs with all possible combinations
auto vot = std::static_pointer_cast<storm::storage::DFTVot<double> const>(element);
std::vector<uint64_t> tmpVars;
size_t k = 0;
// Generate all permutations of k out of n
size_t combination = smallestIntWithNBitsSet(static_cast<size_t>(vot->threshold()));
do {
// Construct selected children from combination
std::vector<uint64_t> combinationChildren;
for (size_t j = 0; j < vot->nrChildren(); ++j) {
if (combination & (1 << j)) {
combinationChildren.push_back(childVarIndices.at(j));
}
}
// Introduce temporary variable for this AND
varNames.push_back("v_" + vot->name() + "_" + std::to_string(k));
size_t index = varNames.size() - 1;
tmpVars.push_back(index);
tmpTimePointVariables.push_back(index);
// AND over the selected children
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IsMaximum>(index, combinationChildren));
constraints.back()->setDescription("VOT gate " + element->name() + ": AND no. " + std::to_string(k));
// Generate next permutation
combination = nextBitPermutation(combination);
++k;
} while(combination < (1 << vot->nrChildren()) && combination != 0);
// Constraint is OR over all possible combinations
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IsMinimum>(timePointVariables.at(i), tmpVars));
constraints.back()->setDescription("VOT gate " + element->name() + ": OR");
generateVotConstraint(i, childVarIndices, element);
break;
}
case storm::storage::DFTElementType::PAND:
{
// Constraint for PAND gate (constraint 3)
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> ifC = std::make_shared<Sorted>(childVarIndices);
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> thenC = std::make_shared<IsEqual>(timePointVariables.at(i), childVarIndices.back());
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> elseC = std::make_shared<IsConstantValue>(timePointVariables.at(i), notFailed);
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IfThenElse>(ifC, thenC, elseC));
constraints.back()->setDescription("PAND gate " + element->name());
generatePandConstraint(i, childVarIndices, element);
break;
}
case storm::storage::DFTElementType::POR:
{
// Constraint for POR gate
// First child fails before all others
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint>> firstSmallestC;
uint64_t timeFirstChild = childVarIndices.front();
for (uint64_t i = 1; i < childVarIndices.size(); ++i) {
firstSmallestC.push_back(std::make_shared<IsLess>(timeFirstChild, childVarIndices.at(i)));
}
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> ifC = std::make_shared<And>(firstSmallestC);
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> thenC = std::make_shared<IsEqual>(timePointVariables.at(i), childVarIndices.front());
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> elseC = std::make_shared<IsConstantValue>(timePointVariables.at(i), notFailed);
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IfThenElse>(ifC, thenC, elseC));
constraints.back()->setDescription("POR gate " + element->name());
generatePorConstraint(i, childVarIndices, element);
break;
}
case storm::storage::DFTElementType::SEQ:
{
// Constraint for SEQ gate (constraint 4)
// As the restriction is not a gate we have to enumerate its children here
auto seq = std::static_pointer_cast<storm::storage::DFTRestriction<double> const>(element);
for (auto const& child : seq->children()) {
childVarIndices.push_back(timePointVariables.at(child->id()));
}
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<Sorted>(childVarIndices));
constraints.back()->setDescription("SEQ gate " + element->name());
generateSeqConstraint(childVarIndices, element);
break;
}
case storm::storage::DFTElementType::SPARE:
{
auto spare = std::static_pointer_cast<storm::storage::DFTSpare<double> const>(element);
auto const& children = spare->children();
uint64_t firstChild = children.front()->id();
uint64_t lastChild = children.back()->id();
// First child of each spare is claimed in the beginning
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IsConstantValue>(getClaimVariableIndex(spare->id(), firstChild), 0));
constraints.back()->setDescription("SPARE gate " + spare->name() + " claims first child");
// If last child is claimed before failure, then the spare fails when the last child fails (constraint 5)
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> leftC = std::make_shared<IsLess>(getClaimVariableIndex(spare->id(), lastChild), childVarIndices.back());
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<Implies>(leftC, std::make_shared<IsEqual>(timePointVariables.at(i), childVarIndices.back())));
constraints.back()->setDescription("Last child & claimed -> SPARE fails");
// Construct constraint for trying to claim next child
STORM_LOG_ASSERT(children.size() >= 2, "Spare has only one child");
for (uint64_t currChild = 0; currChild < children.size() - 1; ++currChild) {
uint64_t timeCurrChild = childVarIndices.at(currChild); // Moment when current child fails
// If i-th child fails after being claimed, then try to claim next child (constraint 6)
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> tryClaimC = generateTryToClaimConstraint(spare, currChild + 1, timeCurrChild);
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<Iff>(std::make_shared<IsLess>(getClaimVariableIndex(spare->id(), children.at(currChild)->id()), timeCurrChild), tryClaimC));
constraints.back()->setDescription("Try to claim " + std::to_string(currChild+2) + "th child");
}
generateSpareConstraint(i, childVarIndices, element);
break;
}
case storm::storage::DFTElementType::PDEP:
// FDEPs are considered later in the Markovian constraints
break;
@ -594,45 +114,153 @@ namespace storm {
}
}
// Only one spare can claim a child (constraint 8)
// and only not failed childs can be claimed (addition to constrain 8)
for (size_t i = 0; i < dft.nrElements(); ++i) {
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element = dft.getElement(i);
if (element->isSpareGate()) {
auto spare = std::static_pointer_cast<storm::storage::DFTSpare<double> const>(element);
for (auto const& child : spare->children()) {
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint>> additionalC;
uint64_t timeClaiming = getClaimVariableIndex(spare->id(), child->id());
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> leftC = std::make_shared<IsLessConstant>(timeClaiming, notFailed);
// Child must be operational at time of claiming
additionalC.push_back(std::make_shared<IsLess>(timeClaiming, timePointVariables.at(child->id())));
// No other spare claims this child
for (auto const& parent : child->parents()) {
if (parent->isSpareGate() && parent->id() != spare->id()) {
// Different spare
additionalC.push_back(std::make_shared<IsConstantValue>(getClaimVariableIndex(parent->id(), child->id()), notFailed));
}
}
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<Implies>(leftC, std::make_shared<And>(additionalC)));
constraints.back()->setDescription("Child " + child->name() + " must be operational at time of claiming by spare " + spare->name() + " and can only be claimed by one spare.");
}
}
}
// Constraint (8)
addClaimingConstraints();
// Handle dependencies
addMarkovianConstraints();
//TODO Move this out of convert method
// Toplevel element will not fail (part of constraint 13)
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IsConstantValue>(timePointVariables.at(dft.getTopLevelIndex()), notFailed));
constraints.back()->setDescription("Toplevel element should not fail");
}
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> DFTASFChecker::generateTryToClaimConstraint(std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTSpare<ValueType> const> spare, uint64_t childIndex, uint64_t timepoint) const {
// Constraint Generator Functions
void DFTASFChecker::generateAndConstraint(size_t i, std::vector<uint64_t> childVarIndices,
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element) {
// Constraint for AND gate (constraint 1)
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IsMaximum>(timePointVariables.at(i), childVarIndices));
constraints.back()->setDescription("AND gate " + element->name());
}
void DFTASFChecker::generateOrConstraint(size_t i, std::vector<uint64_t> childVarIndices,
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element) {
// Constraint for OR gate (constraint 2)
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IsMinimum>(timePointVariables.at(i), childVarIndices));
constraints.back()->setDescription("OR gate " + element->name());
}
void DFTASFChecker::generateVotConstraint(size_t i, std::vector<uint64_t> childVarIndices,
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element) {
auto vot = std::static_pointer_cast<storm::storage::DFTVot<double> const>(element);
// VOTs are implemented via OR over ANDs with all possible combinations
std::vector<uint64_t> tmpVars;
size_t k = 0;
// Generate all permutations of k out of n
size_t combination = smallestIntWithNBitsSet(static_cast<size_t>(vot->threshold()));
do {
// Construct selected children from combination
std::vector<uint64_t> combinationChildren;
for (size_t j = 0; j < vot->nrChildren(); ++j) {
if (combination & (1 << j)) {
combinationChildren.push_back(childVarIndices.at(j));
}
}
// Introduce temporary variable for this AND
varNames.push_back("v_" + vot->name() + "_" + std::to_string(k));
size_t index = varNames.size() - 1;
tmpVars.push_back(index);
tmpTimePointVariables.push_back(index);
// AND over the selected children
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IsMaximum>(index, combinationChildren));
constraints.back()->setDescription("VOT gate " + element->name() + ": AND no. " + std::to_string(k));
// Generate next permutation
combination = nextBitPermutation(combination);
++k;
} while (combination < (1 << vot->nrChildren()) && combination != 0);
// Constraint is OR over all possible combinations
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IsMinimum>(timePointVariables.at(i), tmpVars));
constraints.back()->setDescription("VOT gate " + element->name() + ": OR");
}
void DFTASFChecker::generatePandConstraint(size_t i, std::vector<uint64_t> childVarIndices,
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element) {
// Constraint for PAND gate (constraint 3)
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> ifC = std::make_shared<Sorted>(childVarIndices);
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> thenC = std::make_shared<IsEqual>(timePointVariables.at(i),
childVarIndices.back());
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> elseC = std::make_shared<IsConstantValue>(timePointVariables.at(i),
notFailed);
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IfThenElse>(ifC, thenC, elseC));
constraints.back()->setDescription("PAND gate " + element->name());
}
void DFTASFChecker::generatePorConstraint(size_t i, std::vector<uint64_t> childVarIndices,
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element) {
// Constraint for POR gate
// First child fails before all others
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>> firstSmallestC;
uint64_t timeFirstChild = childVarIndices.front();
for (uint64_t i = 1; i < childVarIndices.size(); ++i) {
firstSmallestC.push_back(std::make_shared<IsLess>(timeFirstChild, childVarIndices.at(i)));
}
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> ifC = std::make_shared<And>(firstSmallestC);
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> thenC = std::make_shared<IsEqual>(timePointVariables.at(i),
childVarIndices.front());
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> elseC = std::make_shared<IsConstantValue>(timePointVariables.at(i),
notFailed);
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IfThenElse>(ifC, thenC, elseC));
constraints.back()->setDescription("POR gate " + element->name());
}
void DFTASFChecker::generateSeqConstraint(std::vector<uint64_t> childVarIndices,
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element) {
// Constraint for SEQ gate (constraint 4)
// As the restriction is not a gate we have to enumerate its children here
auto seq = std::static_pointer_cast<storm::storage::DFTRestriction<double> const>(element);
for (auto const &child : seq->children()) {
childVarIndices.push_back(timePointVariables.at(child->id()));
}
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<Sorted>(childVarIndices));
constraints.back()->setDescription("SEQ gate " + element->name());
}
void DFTASFChecker::generateSpareConstraint(size_t i, std::vector<uint64_t> childVarIndices,
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element) {
auto spare = std::static_pointer_cast<storm::storage::DFTSpare<double> const>(element);
auto const &children = spare->children();
uint64_t firstChild = children.front()->id();
uint64_t lastChild = children.back()->id();
// First child of each spare is claimed in the beginning
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<IsConstantValue>(getClaimVariableIndex(spare->id(), firstChild), 0));
constraints.back()->setDescription("SPARE gate " + spare->name() + " claims first child");
// If last child is claimed before failure, then the spare fails when the last child fails (constraint 5)
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> leftC = std::make_shared<IsLess>(
getClaimVariableIndex(spare->id(), lastChild), childVarIndices.back());
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<Implies>(leftC, std::make_shared<IsEqual>(timePointVariables.at(i),
childVarIndices.back())));
constraints.back()->setDescription("Last child & claimed -> SPARE fails");
// Construct constraint for trying to claim next child
STORM_LOG_ASSERT(children.size() >= 2, "Spare has only one child");
for (uint64_t currChild = 0; currChild < children.size() - 1; ++currChild) {
uint64_t timeCurrChild = childVarIndices.at(currChild); // Moment when current child fails
// If i-th child fails after being claimed, then try to claim next child (constraint 6)
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> tryClaimC = generateTryToClaimConstraint(spare, currChild + 1,
timeCurrChild);
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<Iff>(
std::make_shared<IsLess>(getClaimVariableIndex(spare->id(), children.at(currChild)->id()),
timeCurrChild), tryClaimC));
constraints.back()->setDescription("Try to claim " + std::to_string(currChild + 2) + "th child");
}
}
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>
DFTASFChecker::generateTryToClaimConstraint(std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTSpare<ValueType> const> spare,
uint64_t childIndex, uint64_t timepoint) const {
auto child = spare->children().at(childIndex);
uint64_t timeChild = timePointVariables.at(child->id()); // Moment when the child fails
uint64_t claimChild = getClaimVariableIndex(spare->id(), child->id()); // Moment the spare claims the child
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint>> noClaimingPossible;
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>> noClaimingPossible;
// Child cannot be claimed.
if (childIndex + 1 < spare->children().size()) {
// Consider next child for claiming (second case in constraint 7)
@ -641,10 +269,10 @@ namespace storm {
// Last child: spare fails at same point as this child (third case in constraint 7)
noClaimingPossible.push_back(std::make_shared<IsEqual>(timePointVariables.at(spare->id()), timepoint));
}
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> elseCaseC = std::make_shared<And>(noClaimingPossible);
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> elseCaseC = std::make_shared<And>(noClaimingPossible);
// Check if next child is availble (first case in constraint 7)
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint>> claimingPossibleC;
// Check if next child is available (first case in constraint 7)
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>> claimingPossibleC;
// Next child is not yet failed
claimingPossibleC.push_back(std::make_shared<IsLess>(timepoint, timeChild));
// Child is not yet claimed by a different spare
@ -657,24 +285,59 @@ namespace storm {
}
// Claim child if available
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> firstCaseC = std::make_shared<IfThenElse>(std::make_shared<And>(claimingPossibleC), std::make_shared<IsEqual>(claimChild, timepoint), elseCaseC);
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> firstCaseC = std::make_shared<IfThenElse>(
std::make_shared<And>(claimingPossibleC), std::make_shared<IsEqual>(claimChild, timepoint),
elseCaseC);
return firstCaseC;
}
void DFTASFChecker::addClaimingConstraints() {
// Only one spare can claim a child (constraint 8)
// and only not failed children can be claimed (addition to constrain 8)
for (size_t i = 0; i < dft.nrElements(); ++i) {
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element = dft.getElement(i);
if (element->isSpareGate()) {
auto spare = std::static_pointer_cast<storm::storage::DFTSpare<double> const>(element);
for (auto const &child : spare->children()) {
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>> additionalC;
uint64_t timeClaiming = getClaimVariableIndex(spare->id(), child->id());
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> leftC = std::make_shared<IsLessConstant>(timeClaiming,
notFailed);
// Child must be operational at time of claiming
additionalC.push_back(
std::make_shared<IsLess>(timeClaiming, timePointVariables.at(child->id())));
// No other spare claims this child
for (auto const &parent : child->parents()) {
if (parent->isSpareGate() && parent->id() != spare->id()) {
// Different spare
additionalC.push_back(std::make_shared<IsConstantValue>(
getClaimVariableIndex(parent->id(), child->id()), notFailed));
}
}
constraints.push_back(std::make_shared<Implies>(leftC, std::make_shared<And>(additionalC)));
constraints.back()->setDescription(
"Child " + child->name() + " must be operational at time of claiming by spare " +
spare->name() + " and can only be claimed by one spare.");
}
}
}
}
void DFTASFChecker::addMarkovianConstraints() {
uint64_t nrMarkovian = dft.nrBasicElements();
// Vector containing (non-)Markovian constraints for each timepoint
std::vector<std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint>>> markovianC(nrMarkovian);
std::vector<std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint>>> nonMarkovianC(nrMarkovian);
std::vector<std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint>>> notColdC(nrMarkovian);
std::vector<std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>>> markovianC(nrMarkovian);
std::vector<std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>>> nonMarkovianC(nrMarkovian);
std::vector<std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>>> notColdC(nrMarkovian);
// All dependent events of a failed trigger have failed as well (constraint 9)
for (size_t j = 0; j < dft.nrElements(); ++j) {
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element = dft.getElement(j);
if (element->hasOutgoingDependencies()) {
for (uint64_t i = 0; i < nrMarkovian; ++i) {
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> triggerFailed = std::make_shared<IsLessEqualConstant>(timePointVariables.at(j), i);
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint>> depFailed;
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> triggerFailed = std::make_shared<IsLessEqualConstant>(
timePointVariables.at(j), i);
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>> depFailed;
for (auto const& dependency : element->outgoingDependencies()) {
for (auto const& depElement : dependency->dependentEvents()) {
depFailed.push_back(std::make_shared<IsLessEqualConstant>(timePointVariables.at(depElement->id()), i));
@ -697,8 +360,9 @@ namespace storm {
if (be->hasIngoingDependencies()) {
for (uint64_t i = 0; i < nrMarkovian -1; ++i) {
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> nextFailure = std::make_shared<IsConstantValue>(timePointVariables.at(j), i+1);
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint>> triggerFailed;
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> nextFailure = std::make_shared<IsConstantValue>(
timePointVariables.at(j), i + 1);
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>> triggerFailed;
for (auto const& dependency : be->ingoingDependencies()) {
triggerFailed.push_back(std::make_shared<IsLessEqualConstant>(timePointVariables.at(dependency->triggerEvent()->id()), i));
}
@ -718,7 +382,8 @@ namespace storm {
if (element->isBasicElement()) {
auto be = std::static_pointer_cast<storm::storage::DFTBE<double> const>(element);
for (uint64_t i = 0; i < nrMarkovian; ++i) {
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> nextFailure = std::make_shared<IsConstantValue>(timePointVariables.at(j), i+1);
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> nextFailure = std::make_shared<IsConstantValue>(
timePointVariables.at(j), i + 1);
// BE is not cold
// TODO: implement use of activation variables here
bool cold = storm::utility::isZero<ValueType>(be->activeFailureRate());

87
src/storm-dft/modelchecker/dft/DFTASFChecker.h
View File

@ -4,30 +4,12 @@
#include <vector>
#include <unordered_map>
#include "SmtConstraint.h"
#include "storm-dft/storage/dft/DFT.h"
namespace storm {
namespace modelchecker {
class DFTConstraint {
public:
virtual ~DFTConstraint() {
}
virtual std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const& varNames) const = 0;
virtual std::string description() const {
return descript;
}
void setDescription(std::string const& descr) {
descript = descr;
}
private:
std::string descript;
};
class SpareAndChildPair {
public:
SpareAndChildPair(uint64_t spareIndex, uint64_t childIndex) : spareIndex(spareIndex), childIndex(childIndex) {
@ -47,8 +29,15 @@ namespace storm {
using ValueType = double;
public:
DFTASFChecker(storm::storage::DFT<ValueType> const&);
/**
* Generate general variables and constraints for the DFT and store them in the corresponding maps and vectors
*
*/
void convert();
void toFile(std::string const&);
void toSolver();
private:
uint64_t getClaimVariableIndex(uint64_t spareIndex, uint64_t childIndex) const;
@ -63,7 +52,63 @@ namespace storm {
*
* @return Constraint encoding the claiming.
*/
std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint> generateTryToClaimConstraint(std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTSpare<ValueType> const> spare, uint64_t childIndex, uint64_t timepoint) const;
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>
generateTryToClaimConstraint(std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTSpare<ValueType> const> spare,
uint64_t childIndex, uint64_t timepoint) const;
/**
* Add constraints encoding AND gates.
* This corresponds to constraint (1)
*/
void generateAndConstraint(size_t i, std::vector<uint64_t> childVarIndices,
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element);
/**
* Add constraints encoding OR gates.
* This corresponds to constraint (2)
*/
void generateOrConstraint(size_t i, std::vector<uint64_t> childVarIndices,
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element);
/**
* Add constraints encoding VOT gates.
*/
void generateVotConstraint(size_t i, std::vector<uint64_t> childVarIndices,
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element);
/**
* Add constraints encoding PAND gates.
* This corresponds to constraint (3)
*/
void generatePandConstraint(size_t i, std::vector<uint64_t> childVarIndices,
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element);
/**
* Add constraints encoding POR gates.
*/
void generatePorConstraint(size_t i, std::vector<uint64_t> childVarIndices,
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element);
/**
* Add constraints encoding SEQ gates.
* This corresponds to constraint (4)
*/
void generateSeqConstraint(std::vector<uint64_t> childVarIndices,
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element);
/**
* Add constraints encoding SPARE gates.
* This corresponds to constraints (5),(6),(7)
*/
void generateSpareConstraint(size_t i, std::vector<uint64_t> childVarIndices,
std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const> element);
/**
* Add constraints encoding claiming rules.
* This corresponds to constraint (8) and addition
*/
void addClaimingConstraints();
/**
* Add constraints encoding Markovian states.
@ -74,7 +119,7 @@ namespace storm {
storm::storage::DFT<ValueType> const& dft;
std::vector<std::string> varNames;
std::unordered_map<uint64_t, uint64_t> timePointVariables;
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<DFTConstraint>> constraints;
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>> constraints;
std::map<SpareAndChildPair, uint64_t> claimVariables;
std::unordered_map<uint64_t, uint64_t> markovianVariables;
std::vector<uint64_t> tmpTimePointVariables;

407
src/storm-dft/modelchecker/dft/SmtConstraint.cpp
View File

@ -0,0 +1,407 @@
#include "DFTASFChecker.h"
#include <string>
namespace storm {
namespace modelchecker {
/*
* Variable[VarIndex] is the maximum of the others
*/
class IsMaximum : public SmtConstraint {
public:
IsMaximum(uint64_t varIndex, std::vector<uint64_t> const &varIndices) : varIndex(varIndex),
varIndices(varIndices) {
}
virtual ~IsMaximum() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(and ";
// assert it is largereq than all values.
for (auto const &ovi : varIndices) {
sstr << "(>= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << varNames.at(ovi) << ") ";
}
// assert it is one of the values.
sstr << "(or ";
for (auto const &ovi : varIndices) {
sstr << "(= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << varNames.at(ovi) << ") ";
}
sstr << ")"; // end of the or
sstr << ")"; // end outer and.
return sstr.str();
}
private:
uint64_t varIndex;
std::vector<uint64_t> varIndices;
};
/*
* First is the minimum of the others
*/
class IsMinimum : public SmtConstraint {
public:
IsMinimum(uint64_t varIndex, std::vector<uint64_t> const &varIndices) : varIndex(varIndex),
varIndices(varIndices) {
}
virtual ~IsMinimum() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(and ";
// assert it is smallereq than all values.
for (auto const &ovi : varIndices) {
sstr << "(<= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << varNames.at(ovi) << ") ";
}
// assert it is one of the values.
sstr << "(or ";
for (auto const &ovi : varIndices) {
sstr << "(= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << varNames.at(ovi) << ") ";
}
sstr << ")"; // end of the or
sstr << ")"; // end outer and.
return sstr.str();
}
private:
uint64_t varIndex;
std::vector<uint64_t> varIndices;
};
class BetweenValues : public SmtConstraint {
public:
BetweenValues(uint64_t varIndex, uint64_t lower, uint64_t upper) : varIndex(varIndex), upperBound(upper),
lowerBound(lower) {
}
virtual ~BetweenValues() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(and ";
sstr << "(>= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << lowerBound << ")";
sstr << "(<= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << upperBound << ")";
sstr << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
uint64_t varIndex;
uint64_t upperBound;
uint64_t lowerBound;
};
class And : public SmtConstraint {
public:
And(std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>> const &constraints) : constraints(constraints) {
}
virtual ~And() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
if (constraints.empty()) {
sstr << "true";
} else {
sstr << "(and";
for (auto const &c : constraints) {
sstr << " " << c->toSmtlib2(varNames);
}
sstr << ")";
}
return sstr.str();
}
private:
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>> constraints;
};
class Or : public SmtConstraint {
public:
Or(std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>> const &constraints) : constraints(constraints) {
}
virtual ~Or() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
if (constraints.empty()) {
sstr << "false";
} else {
sstr << "(or";
for (auto const &c : constraints) {
sstr << " " << c->toSmtlib2(varNames);
}
sstr << ")";
}
return sstr.str();
}
private:
std::vector<std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint>> constraints;
};
class Implies : public SmtConstraint {
public:
Implies(std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> l, std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> r) : lhs(l), rhs(r) {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(=> " << lhs->toSmtlib2(varNames) << " " << rhs->toSmtlib2(varNames) << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> lhs;
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> rhs;
};
class Iff : public SmtConstraint {
public:
Iff(std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> l, std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> r) : lhs(l), rhs(r) {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(= " << lhs->toSmtlib2(varNames) << " " << rhs->toSmtlib2(varNames) << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> lhs;
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> rhs;
};
class IsTrue : public SmtConstraint {
public:
IsTrue(bool val) : value(val) {
}
virtual ~IsTrue() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << (value ? "true" : "false");
return sstr.str();
}
private:
bool value;
};
class IsBoolValue : public SmtConstraint {
public:
IsBoolValue(uint64_t varIndex, bool val) : varIndex(varIndex), value(val) {
}
virtual ~IsBoolValue() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
assert(varIndex < varNames.size());
if (value) {
sstr << varNames.at(varIndex);
} else {
sstr << "(not " << varNames.at(varIndex) << ")";
}
return sstr.str();
}
private:
uint64_t varIndex;
bool value;
};
class IsConstantValue : public SmtConstraint {
public:
IsConstantValue(uint64_t varIndex, uint64_t val) : varIndex(varIndex), value(val) {
}
virtual ~IsConstantValue() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
assert(varIndex < varNames.size());
sstr << "(= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << value << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
uint64_t varIndex;
uint64_t value;
};
class IsLessConstant : public SmtConstraint {
public:
IsLessConstant(uint64_t varIndex, uint64_t val) : varIndex(varIndex), value(val) {
}
virtual ~IsLessConstant() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
assert(varIndex < varNames.size());
sstr << "(< " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << value << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
uint64_t varIndex;
uint64_t value;
};
class IsLessEqualConstant : public SmtConstraint {
public:
IsLessEqualConstant(uint64_t varIndex, uint64_t val) : varIndex(varIndex), value(val) {
}
virtual ~IsLessEqualConstant() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
assert(varIndex < varNames.size());
sstr << "(<= " << varNames.at(varIndex) << " " << value << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
uint64_t varIndex;
uint64_t value;
};
class IsEqual : public SmtConstraint {
public:
IsEqual(uint64_t varIndex1, uint64_t varIndex2) : var1Index(varIndex1), var2Index(varIndex2) {
}
virtual ~IsEqual() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
return "(= " + varNames.at(var1Index) + " " + varNames.at(var2Index) + ")";
}
private:
uint64_t var1Index;
uint64_t var2Index;
};
class IsLess : public SmtConstraint {
public:
IsLess(uint64_t varIndex1, uint64_t varIndex2) : var1Index(varIndex1), var2Index(varIndex2) {
}
virtual ~IsLess() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
return "(< " + varNames.at(var1Index) + " " + varNames.at(var2Index) + ")";
}
private:
uint64_t var1Index;
uint64_t var2Index;
};
class PairwiseDifferent : public SmtConstraint {
public:
PairwiseDifferent(std::vector<uint64_t> const &indices) : varIndices(indices) {
}
virtual ~PairwiseDifferent() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(distinct";
// for(uint64_t i = 0; i < varIndices.size(); ++i) {
// for(uint64_t j = i + 1; j < varIndices.size(); ++j) {
// sstr << "()";
// }
// }
for (auto const &varIndex : varIndices) {
sstr << " " << varNames.at(varIndex);
}
sstr << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
std::vector<uint64_t> varIndices;
};
class Sorted : public SmtConstraint {
public:
Sorted(std::vector<uint64_t> varIndices) : varIndices(varIndices) {
}
virtual ~Sorted() {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(and ";
for (uint64_t i = 1; i < varIndices.size(); ++i) {
sstr << "(<= " << varNames.at(varIndices.at(i - 1)) << " " << varNames.at(varIndices.at(i)) << ")";
}
sstr << ") ";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
std::vector<uint64_t> varIndices;
};
class IfThenElse : public SmtConstraint {
public:
IfThenElse(std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> ifC, std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> thenC,
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> elseC) : ifConstraint(ifC), thenConstraint(thenC),
elseConstraint(elseC) {
}
std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const override {
std::stringstream sstr;
sstr << "(ite " << ifConstraint->toSmtlib2(varNames) << " " << thenConstraint->toSmtlib2(varNames)
<< " " << elseConstraint->toSmtlib2(varNames) << ")";
return sstr.str();
}
private:
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> ifConstraint;
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> thenConstraint;
std::shared_ptr<SmtConstraint> elseConstraint;
};
}
}

24
src/storm-dft/modelchecker/dft/SmtConstraint.h
View File

@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
#include <string>
namespace storm {
namespace modelchecker {
class SmtConstraint {
public:
virtual ~SmtConstraint() {
}
virtual std::string toSmtlib2(std::vector<std::string> const &varNames) const = 0;
virtual std::string description() const {
return descript;
}
void setDescription(std::string const &descr) {
descript = descr;
}
private:
std::string descript;
};
}
}
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