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\begin{tikzpicture}[every tree node/.style={draw,circle},sibling distance=.15cm]
\Tree
[.$\lor $
[.$\forall x$
[.$P$ $x$ $x$ ]
]
[.$\forall y$
[.$Q$ $x$ $y$ ]
]
]
\end{tikzpicture}
The $x$ in the right subformula is a free variable.
\begin{multicols}{2}
An example for a \emph{satisfying} model $\Model_{SAT}$:
\begin{itemize}
\item $\mathcal{A} = \{a, b\} $
\item $P^{\Model_{SAT}} = \{(a,a), (b,b)\}$
\item $Q^{\Model_{SAT}} = \{(a,a), (a,b)\}$
\end{itemize}
\columnbreak
An example for an \emph{unsatisfying} model $\Model_{UNSAT}$:
\begin{itemize}
\item $\mathcal{A} = \{a, b\} $
\item $P^{\Model_{UNSAT}} = \{(a,a)\}$
\item $Q^{\Model_{UNSAT}} = \{(a,a)\}$
\end{itemize}
\end{multicols}
\begin{tikzpicture}[every tree node/.style={draw,circle},sibling distance=.25cm]
\Tree
[.$\lnot$
[.$\forall x$
[.$\land$
[.$\imp$
[.$Q$
[.$f$ $x$ ]
]
[.$P$
[.$f$
[.$f$ $x$ ]
]
]
]
[.$\lnot$
[.$Q$ $x$ ]
]
]
]
]
\end{tikzpicture}
\begin{multicols}{2}
An example for a \emph{satisfying} model $\Model_{SAT}$:
\begin{itemize}
\item $\mathcal{A} = \{a, b\} $
\item $f^{\Model_{SAT}} = \{ x \rightarrow x \}$
\item $P^{\Model_{SAT}} = \true$
\item $Q^{\Model_{SAT}} = \false$
\end{itemize}
\columnbreak
An example for an \emph{unsatisfying} model $\Model_{UNSAT}$:
\begin{itemize}
\item $\mathcal{A} = \{a, b\} $
\item $f^{\Model_{UNSAT}} = \{ x \rightarrow x \}$
\item $P^{\Model_{UNSAT}} = \true$
\item $Q^{\Model_{UNSAT}} = \false$
\end{itemize}
\end{multicols}