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  1. \item \self Given is the following formula in predicate logic
  2. $$\phi = \forall x \exists y \Bigl(
  3. \bigl(
  4. Q(x,y) \wedge P(x,y)
  5. \bigr)
  6. \implies
  7. \bigl(
  8. R(y, x) \wedge P(x,y)
  9. \bigr)
  10. \Bigr) $$
  11. and the model $\mathcal{M}$:
  12. \begin{itemize}
  13. \item $\mathcal{A} = \{a, b\} $
  14. \item $P^\mathcal{M} = \{(m,a) | m \in \mathcal{A} \}$
  15. \item $Q^\mathcal{M} = \{(b,m) | m \in \mathcal{A} \}$
  16. \item $R^\mathcal{M} = \{(a,b),(b,a), (b,b) \}$
  17. \end{itemize}
  18. Does the model $\mathcal{M}$ satisfy the formula $\phi$?
  19. Explain your answer by drawing a \textbf{syntax tree} and evaluate the model $\mathcal{M}$ with the help of this syntax tree.