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Hard coded heuristic to gain performance 

Former-commit-id: d0d869bb3e
tempestpy_adaptions
Mavo 8 years ago
parent
a624292ece
commit
a333d29d16
6 changed files with 150 additions and 122 deletions
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  1. 84
      src/builder/DftExplorationHeuristic.cpp
  2. 71
      src/builder/DftExplorationHeuristic.h
  3. 71
      src/builder/ExplicitDFTModelBuilderApprox.cpp
  4. 15
      src/builder/ExplicitDFTModelBuilderApprox.h
  5. 8
      src/storage/dft/DFTState.cpp
  6. 21
      src/storage/dft/DFTState.h

84
src/builder/DftExplorationHeuristic.cpp
View File

@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
#include "src/utility/macros.h"
#include "src/utility/constants.h"
#include "src/exceptions/NotImplementedException.h"
#include "src/storage/dft/DFTState.h"
#include <limits>
@ -11,74 +10,87 @@ namespace storm {
namespace builder {
template<typename ValueType>
DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType>::DFTExplorationHeuristic() : skip(true), depth(std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max()), rate(storm::utility::zero<ValueType>()), exitRate(storm::utility::zero<ValueType>()) {
DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType>::DFTExplorationHeuristic(size_t id) : id(id), expand(false), depth(std::numeric_limits<std::size_t>::max()), rate(storm::utility::zero<ValueType>()), exitRate(storm::utility::zero<ValueType>()) {
// Intentionally left empty
}
template<typename ValueType>
void DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType>::setHeuristicValues(size_t depth, ValueType rate, ValueType exitRate) {
void DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType>::updateHeuristicValues(size_t depth, ValueType rate, ValueType exitRate) {
this->depth = std::min(this->depth, depth);
this->rate = std::max(this->rate, rate);
this->exitRate = std::max(this->exitRate, exitRate);
}
template<typename ValueType>
bool DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType>::isSkip(double approximationThreshold, ApproximationHeuristic heuristic) const {
if (!skip) {
return false;
}
switch (heuristic) {
case ApproximationHeuristic::NONE:
return false;
case ApproximationHeuristic::DEPTH:
return depth > approximationThreshold;
case ApproximationHeuristic::RATERATIO:
return getRateRatio() < approximationThreshold;
default:
STORM_LOG_THROW(false, storm::exceptions::NotImplementedException, "Heuristic not known.");
}
DFTExplorationHeuristicNone<ValueType>::DFTExplorationHeuristicNone(size_t id) : DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType>(id) {
// Intentionally left empty
}
template<typename ValueType>
bool DFTExplorationHeuristicNone<ValueType>::isSkip(double approximationThreshold) const {
return false;
}
template<typename ValueType>
bool DFTExplorationHeuristicNone<ValueType>::operator<(DFTExplorationHeuristicNone<ValueType> const& other) const {
// Just use memory address for comparing
// TODO Matthias: better idea?
return this > &other;
}
template<typename ValueType>
DFTExplorationHeuristicDepth<ValueType>::DFTExplorationHeuristicDepth(size_t id) : DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType>(id) {
// Intentionally left empty
}
template<typename ValueType>
bool DFTExplorationHeuristicDepth<ValueType>::isSkip(double approximationThreshold) const {
return !this->expand && this->depth > approximationThreshold;
}
template<typename ValueType>
bool DFTExplorationHeuristicDepth<ValueType>::operator<(DFTExplorationHeuristicDepth<ValueType> const& other) const {
return this->depth > other.depth;
}
template<typename ValueType>
void DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType>::setNotSkip() {
skip = false;
DFTExplorationHeuristicRateRatio<ValueType>::DFTExplorationHeuristicRateRatio(size_t id) : DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType>(id) {
// Intentionally left empty
}
template<typename ValueType>
size_t DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType>::getDepth() const {
return depth;
bool DFTExplorationHeuristicRateRatio<ValueType>::isSkip(double approximationThreshold) const {
return !this->expand && this->getRateRatio() < approximationThreshold;
}
template<typename ValueType>
bool DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType>::compare(DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType> other, ApproximationHeuristic heuristic) {
switch (heuristic) {
case ApproximationHeuristic::NONE:
// Just use memory address for comparing
// TODO Matthias: better idea?
return this > &other;
case ApproximationHeuristic::DEPTH:
return this->depth > other.depth;
case ApproximationHeuristic::RATERATIO:
return this->getRateRatio() < other.getRateRatio();
default:
STORM_LOG_THROW(false, storm::exceptions::NotImplementedException, "Heuristic not known.");
}
bool DFTExplorationHeuristicRateRatio<ValueType>::operator<(DFTExplorationHeuristicRateRatio<ValueType> const& other) const {
return this->getRateRatio() < other.getRateRatio();
}
template<>
double DFTExplorationHeuristic<double>::getRateRatio() const {
double DFTExplorationHeuristicRateRatio<double>::getRateRatio() const {
return rate/exitRate;
}
template<>
double DFTExplorationHeuristic<storm::RationalFunction>::getRateRatio() const {
double DFTExplorationHeuristicRateRatio<storm::RationalFunction>::getRateRatio() const {
STORM_LOG_THROW(false, storm::exceptions::NotImplementedException, "Heuristic rate ration does not work.");
}
// Instantiate templates.
template class DFTExplorationHeuristic<double>;
template class DFTExplorationHeuristicNone<double>;
template class DFTExplorationHeuristicDepth<double>;
template class DFTExplorationHeuristicRateRatio<double>;
#ifdef STORM_HAVE_CARL
template class DFTExplorationHeuristic<storm::RationalFunction>;
template class DFTExplorationHeuristicNone<storm::RationalFunction>;
template class DFTExplorationHeuristicDepth<storm::RationalFunction>;
template class DFTExplorationHeuristicRateRatio<storm::RationalFunction>;
#endif
}
}

71
src/builder/DftExplorationHeuristic.h
View File

@ -2,16 +2,9 @@
#define STORM_BUILDER_DFTEXPLORATIONHEURISTIC_H_
#include <memory>
#include <algorithm>
namespace storm {
// Forward declaration
namespace storage {
template<typename ValueType>
class DFTState;
}
namespace builder {
/*!
@ -19,32 +12,74 @@ namespace storm {
*/
enum class ApproximationHeuristic { NONE, DEPTH, RATERATIO };
/*!
* General super class for appoximation heuristics.
*/
template<typename ValueType>
class DFTExplorationHeuristic {
public:
DFTExplorationHeuristic();
void setHeuristicValues(size_t depth, ValueType rate, ValueType exitRate);
bool isSkip(double approximationThreshold, ApproximationHeuristic heuristic) const;
DFTExplorationHeuristic(size_t id);
void setNotSkip();
void updateHeuristicValues(size_t depth, ValueType rate, ValueType exitRate);
size_t getDepth() const;
virtual bool isSkip(double approximationThreshold) const = 0;
bool compare(DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType> other, ApproximationHeuristic heuristic);
void markExpand() {
expand = true;
}
private:
size_t getId() const {
return id;
}
double getRateRatio() const;
size_t getDepth() const {
return depth;
}
bool skip;
protected:
size_t id;
bool expand;
size_t depth;
ValueType rate;
ValueType exitRate;
};
template<typename ValueType>
class DFTExplorationHeuristicNone : public DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType> {
public:
DFTExplorationHeuristicNone(size_t id);
bool isSkip(double approximationThreshold) const override;
bool operator<(DFTExplorationHeuristicNone<ValueType> const& other) const;
};
template<typename ValueType>
class DFTExplorationHeuristicDepth : public DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType> {
public:
DFTExplorationHeuristicDepth(size_t id);
bool isSkip(double approximationThreshold) const override;
bool operator<(DFTExplorationHeuristicDepth<ValueType> const& other) const;
};
template<typename ValueType>
class DFTExplorationHeuristicRateRatio : public DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType> {
public:
DFTExplorationHeuristicRateRatio(size_t id);
bool isSkip(double approximationThreshold) const override;
bool operator<(DFTExplorationHeuristicRateRatio<ValueType> const& other) const;
private:
double getRateRatio() const;
};
}
}

71
src/builder/ExplicitDFTModelBuilderApprox.cpp
View File

@ -31,8 +31,8 @@ namespace storm {
generator(dft, *stateGenerationInfo, enableDC, mergeFailedStates),
matrixBuilder(!generator.isDeterministicModel()),
stateStorage(((dft.stateVectorSize() / 64) + 1) * 64),
explorationQueue([this](StateType idA, StateType idB) {
return isPriorityGreater(idA, idB);
explorationQueue([this](ExplorationHeuristicPointer a, ExplorationHeuristicPointer b) {
return *a < *b;
})
{
// Intentionally left empty.
@ -76,7 +76,7 @@ namespace storm {
initialStateIndex = stateStorage.initialStateIndices[0];
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Initial state: " << initialStateIndex);
// Initialize heuristic values for inital state
statesNotExplored.at(initialStateIndex)->setHeuristicValues(0, storm::utility::zero<ValueType>(), storm::utility::zero<ValueType>());
statesNotExplored.at(initialStateIndex).second->updateHeuristicValues(0, storm::utility::zero<ValueType>(), storm::utility::zero<ValueType>());
} else {
initializeNextIteration();
}
@ -128,8 +128,8 @@ namespace storm {
// Push skipped states to explore queue
// TODO Matthias: remove
for (auto const& skippedState : skippedStates) {
statesNotExplored[skippedState.second->getId()] = skippedState.second;
explorationQueue.push(skippedState.second->getId());
statesNotExplored[skippedState.second.first->getId()] = skippedState.second;
explorationQueue.push(skippedState.second.second);
}
// Initialize matrix builder again
@ -157,7 +157,7 @@ namespace storm {
matrixBuilder.mappingOffset = nrStates;
STORM_LOG_TRACE("# expanded states: " << nrExpandedStates);
StateType skippedIndex = nrExpandedStates;
std::map<StateType, DFTStatePointer> skippedStatesNew;
std::map<StateType, std::pair<DFTStatePointer, ExplorationHeuristicPointer>> skippedStatesNew;
for (size_t id = 0; id < matrixBuilder.stateRemapping.size(); ++id) {
StateType index = matrixBuilder.stateRemapping[id];
auto itFind = skippedStates.find(index);
@ -204,7 +204,7 @@ namespace storm {
auto itFind = skippedStates.find(itEntry->getColumn());
if (itFind != skippedStates.end()) {
// Set id for skipped states as we remap it later
matrixBuilder.addTransition(matrixBuilder.mappingOffset + itFind->second->getId(), itEntry->getValue());
matrixBuilder.addTransition(matrixBuilder.mappingOffset + itFind->second.first->getId(), itEntry->getValue());
} else {
// Set newly remapped index for expanded states
matrixBuilder.addTransition(indexRemapping[itEntry->getColumn()], itEntry->getValue());
@ -228,10 +228,12 @@ namespace storm {
// TODO Matthias: do not empty queue every time but break before
while (!explorationQueue.empty()) {
// Get the first state in the queue
StateType currentId = explorationQueue.popTop();
ExplorationHeuristicPointer currentExplorationHeuristic = explorationQueue.popTop();
StateType currentId = currentExplorationHeuristic->getId();
auto itFind = statesNotExplored.find(currentId);
STORM_LOG_ASSERT(itFind != statesNotExplored.end(), "Id " << currentId << " not found");
DFTStatePointer currentState = itFind->second;
DFTStatePointer currentState = itFind->second.first;
STORM_LOG_ASSERT(currentExplorationHeuristic == itFind->second.second, "Exploration heuristics do not match");
STORM_LOG_ASSERT(currentState->getId() == currentId, "Ids do not match");
// Remove it from the list of not explored states
statesNotExplored.erase(itFind);
@ -254,7 +256,7 @@ namespace storm {
bool fixQueue = false;
generator.load(currentState);
if (currentState->isSkip(approximationThreshold, heuristic)) {
if (currentExplorationHeuristic->isSkip(approximationThreshold)) {
// Skip the current state
++nrSkippedStates;
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Skip expansion of state: " << dft.getStateString(currentState));
@ -263,7 +265,7 @@ namespace storm {
// TODO Matthias: what to do when there is no unique target state?
matrixBuilder.addTransition(failedStateId, storm::utility::zero<ValueType>());
// Remember skipped state
skippedStates[matrixBuilder.getCurrentRowGroup() - 1] = currentState;
skippedStates[matrixBuilder.getCurrentRowGroup() - 1] = std::make_pair(currentState, currentExplorationHeuristic);
matrixBuilder.finishRow();
} else {
// Explore the current state
@ -282,7 +284,13 @@ namespace storm {
// Set heuristic values for reached states
auto iter = statesNotExplored.find(stateProbabilityPair.first);
if (iter != statesNotExplored.end()) {
iter->second->setHeuristicValues(currentState, stateProbabilityPair.second, choice.getTotalMass());
// Update heuristic values
DFTStatePointer state = iter->second.first;
if (state->hasFailed(dft.getTopLevelIndex()) || state->isFailsafe(dft.getTopLevelIndex()) || state->nrFailableDependencies() > 0 || (state->nrFailableDependencies() == 0 && state->nrFailableBEs() == 0)) {
// Do not skip absorbing state or if reached by dependencies
iter->second.second->markExpand();
}
iter->second.second->updateHeuristicValues(currentExplorationHeuristic->getDepth() + 1, stateProbabilityPair.second, choice.getTotalMass());
fixQueue = true;
}
}
@ -421,12 +429,13 @@ namespace storm {
auto matrixEntry = matrix.getRow(it->first, 0).begin();
STORM_LOG_ASSERT(matrixEntry->getColumn() == failedStateId, "Transition has wrong target state.");
// Get the lower bound by considering the failure of all possible BEs
DFTStatePointer state = it->second.first;
ValueType newRate = storm::utility::zero<ValueType>();
for (size_t index = 0; index < it->second->nrFailableBEs(); ++index) {
newRate += it->second->getFailableBERate(index);
for (size_t index = 0; index < state->nrFailableBEs(); ++index) {
newRate += state->getFailableBERate(index);
}
for (size_t index = 0; index < it->second->nrNotFailableBEs(); ++index) {
newRate += it->second->getNotFailableBERate(index);
for (size_t index = 0; index < state->nrNotFailableBEs(); ++index) {
newRate += state->getNotFailableBERate(index);
}
matrixEntry->setValue(newRate);
}
@ -441,12 +450,13 @@ namespace storm {
// Get the upper bound by considering the failure of all BEs
// The used formula for the rate is 1/( 1/a + 1/b + ...)
// TODO Matthias: improve by using closed formula for AND of all BEs
DFTStatePointer state = it->second.first;
ValueType newRate = storm::utility::zero<ValueType>();
for (size_t index = 0; index < it->second->nrFailableBEs(); ++index) {
newRate += storm::utility::one<ValueType>() / it->second->getFailableBERate(index);
for (size_t index = 0; index < state->nrFailableBEs(); ++index) {
newRate += storm::utility::one<ValueType>() / state->getFailableBERate(index);
}
for (size_t index = 0; index < it->second->nrNotFailableBEs(); ++index) {
newRate += storm::utility::one<ValueType>() / it->second->getNotFailableBERate(index);
for (size_t index = 0; index < state->nrNotFailableBEs(); ++index) {
newRate += storm::utility::one<ValueType>() / state->getNotFailableBERate(index);
}
newRate = storm::utility::one<ValueType>() / newRate;
matrixEntry->setValue(newRate);
@ -473,14 +483,14 @@ namespace storm {
// Check if state is pseudo state
// If state is explored already the possible pseudo state was already constructed
auto iter = statesNotExplored.find(stateId);
if (iter != statesNotExplored.end() && iter->second->isPseudoState()) {
if (iter != statesNotExplored.end() && iter->second.first->isPseudoState()) {
// Create pseudo state now
STORM_LOG_ASSERT(iter->second->getId() == stateId, "Ids do not match.");
STORM_LOG_ASSERT(iter->second->status() == state->status(), "Pseudo states do not coincide.");
STORM_LOG_ASSERT(iter->second.first->getId() == stateId, "Ids do not match.");
STORM_LOG_ASSERT(iter->second.first->status() == state->status(), "Pseudo states do not coincide.");
state->setId(stateId);
// Update mapping to map to concrete state now
statesNotExplored[stateId] = state;
// TODO Matthias: copy explorationHeuristic
// TODO Matthias: just change pointer?
statesNotExplored[stateId] = std::make_pair(state, iter->second.second);
// We do not push the new state on the exploration queue as the pseudo state was already pushed
STORM_LOG_TRACE("Created pseudo state " << dft.getStateString(state));
}
@ -493,8 +503,9 @@ namespace storm {
stateId = stateStorage.stateToId.findOrAdd(state->status(), state->getId());
STORM_LOG_ASSERT(stateId == state->getId(), "Ids do not match.");
// Insert state as not yet explored
statesNotExplored[stateId] = state;
explorationQueue.push(stateId);
ExplorationHeuristicPointer heuristic = std::make_shared<ExplorationHeuristic>(stateId);
statesNotExplored[stateId] = std::make_pair(state, heuristic);
explorationQueue.push(heuristic);
// Reserve one slot for the new state in the remapping
matrixBuilder.stateRemapping.push_back(0);
STORM_LOG_TRACE("New " << (state->isPseudoState() ? "pseudo" : "concrete") << " state: " << dft.getStateString(state));
@ -511,12 +522,6 @@ namespace storm {
modelComponents.markovianStates.set(matrixBuilder.getCurrentRowGroup() - 1, markovian);
}
template<typename ValueType, typename StateType>
bool ExplicitDFTModelBuilderApprox<ValueType, StateType>::isPriorityGreater(StateType idA, StateType idB) const {
return statesNotExplored.at(idA)->comparePriority(statesNotExplored.at(idB), heuristic);
}
// Explicitly instantiate the class.
template class ExplicitDFTModelBuilderApprox<double>;

15
src/builder/ExplicitDFTModelBuilderApprox.h
View File

@ -26,11 +26,10 @@ namespace storm {
template<typename ValueType, typename StateType = uint32_t>
class ExplicitDFTModelBuilderApprox {
using DFTElementPointer = std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType>>;
using DFTElementCPointer = std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTElement<ValueType> const>;
using DFTGatePointer = std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTGate<ValueType>>;
using DFTStatePointer = std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTState<ValueType>>;
using DFTRestrictionPointer = std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTRestriction<ValueType>>;
// TODO Matthias: make choosable
using ExplorationHeuristic = DFTExplorationHeuristicNone<ValueType>;
using ExplorationHeuristicPointer = std::shared_ptr<ExplorationHeuristic>;
// A structure holding the individual components of a model.
@ -294,16 +293,16 @@ namespace storm {
storm::storage::sparse::StateStorage<StateType> stateStorage;
// A priority queue of states that still need to be explored.
storm::storage::DynamicPriorityQueue<StateType, std::vector<StateType>, std::function<bool(StateType, StateType)>> explorationQueue;
storm::storage::DynamicPriorityQueue<ExplorationHeuristicPointer, std::vector<ExplorationHeuristicPointer>, std::function<bool(ExplorationHeuristicPointer, ExplorationHeuristicPointer)>> explorationQueue;
// A mapping of not yet explored states from the id to the state object.
std::map<StateType, DFTStatePointer> statesNotExplored;
// A mapping of not yet explored states from the id to the tuple (state object, heuristic values).
std::map<StateType, std::pair<DFTStatePointer, ExplorationHeuristicPointer>> statesNotExplored;
// Holds all skipped states which were not yet expanded. More concretely it is a mapping from matrix indices
// to the corresponding skipped states.
// Notice that we need an ordered map here to easily iterate in increasing order over state ids.
// TODO remove again
std::map<StateType, DFTStatePointer> skippedStates;
std::map<StateType, std::pair<DFTStatePointer, ExplorationHeuristicPointer>> skippedStates;
};
}

8
src/storage/dft/DFTState.cpp
View File

@ -6,7 +6,7 @@ namespace storm {
namespace storage {
template<typename ValueType>
DFTState<ValueType>::DFTState(DFT<ValueType> const& dft, DFTStateGenerationInfo const& stateGenerationInfo, size_t id) : mStatus(dft.stateVectorSize()), mId(id), mPseudoState(false), mDft(dft), mStateGenerationInfo(stateGenerationInfo), exploreHeuristic() {
DFTState<ValueType>::DFTState(DFT<ValueType> const& dft, DFTStateGenerationInfo const& stateGenerationInfo, size_t id) : mStatus(dft.stateVectorSize()), mId(id), mPseudoState(false), mDft(dft), mStateGenerationInfo(stateGenerationInfo) {
// TODO Matthias: use construct()
// Initialize uses
@ -37,7 +37,7 @@ namespace storm {
}
template<typename ValueType>
DFTState<ValueType>::DFTState(storm::storage::BitVector const& status, DFT<ValueType> const& dft, DFTStateGenerationInfo const& stateGenerationInfo, size_t id) : mStatus(status), mId(id), mPseudoState(true), mDft(dft), mStateGenerationInfo(stateGenerationInfo), exploreHeuristic() {
DFTState<ValueType>::DFTState(storm::storage::BitVector const& status, DFT<ValueType> const& dft, DFTStateGenerationInfo const& stateGenerationInfo, size_t id) : mStatus(status), mId(id), mPseudoState(true), mDft(dft), mStateGenerationInfo(stateGenerationInfo) {
// Intentionally left empty
}
@ -85,9 +85,7 @@ namespace storm {
template<typename ValueType>
std::shared_ptr<DFTState<ValueType>> DFTState<ValueType>::copy() const {
std::shared_ptr<DFTState<ValueType>> stateCopy = std::make_shared<storm::storage::DFTState<ValueType>>(*this);
stateCopy->exploreHeuristic = storm::builder::DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType>();
return stateCopy;
return std::make_shared<storm::storage::DFTState<ValueType>>(*this);
}
template<typename ValueType>

21
src/storage/dft/DFTState.h
View File

@ -34,7 +34,6 @@ namespace storm {
bool mValid = true;
const DFT<ValueType>& mDft;
const DFTStateGenerationInfo& mStateGenerationInfo;
storm::builder::DFTExplorationHeuristic<ValueType> exploreHeuristic;
public:
/**
@ -123,26 +122,6 @@ namespace storm {
return mPseudoState;
}
void setHeuristicValues(size_t depth, ValueType rate, ValueType exitRate) {
exploreHeuristic.setHeuristicValues(depth, rate, exitRate);
}
void setHeuristicValues(std::shared_ptr<storm::storage::DFTState<ValueType>> oldState, ValueType rate, ValueType exitRate) {
if (hasFailed(mDft.getTopLevelIndex()) || isFailsafe(mDft.getTopLevelIndex()) || nrFailableDependencies() > 0 || (nrFailableDependencies() == 0 && nrFailableBEs() == 0)) {
// Do not skip absorbing state or if reached by dependencies
exploreHeuristic.setNotSkip();
}
exploreHeuristic.setHeuristicValues(oldState->exploreHeuristic.getDepth() + 1, rate, exitRate);
}
bool isSkip(double approximationThreshold, storm::builder::ApproximationHeuristic heuristic) {
return exploreHeuristic.isSkip(approximationThreshold, heuristic);
}
bool comparePriority(std::shared_ptr<DFTState> const& other, storm::builder::ApproximationHeuristic heuristic) {
return this->exploreHeuristic.compare(other->exploreHeuristic, heuristic);
}
storm::storage::BitVector const& status() const {
return mStatus;
}

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