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// zeta3().
// General includes.
#include "base/cl_sysdep.h"
// Specification.
#include "float/transcendental/cl_F_tran.h"
// Implementation.
#include "cln/lfloat.h"
#include "float/transcendental/cl_LF_tran.h"
#include "float/lfloat/cl_LF.h"
#include "cln/integer.h"
#include "base/cl_alloca.h"
namespace cln {
const cl_LF zeta3 (uintC len)
{
struct rational_series_stream : cl_pqa_series_stream {
uintC n;
static cl_pqa_series_term computenext (cl_pqa_series_stream& thisss)
{
var rational_series_stream& thiss = (rational_series_stream&)thisss;
var uintC n = thiss.n;
var cl_pqa_series_term result;
if (n==0) {
result.p = 1;
} else {
result.p = -expt_pos(n,5);
}
result.q = expt_pos(2*n+1,5)<<5;
result.a = 205*square((cl_I)n) + 250*(cl_I)n + 77;
thiss.n = n+1;
return result;
}
rational_series_stream ()
: cl_pqa_series_stream (rational_series_stream::computenext),
n (0) {}
} series;
// Method:
// /infinity \
// | ----- (n + 1) 2 |
// 1 | \ (-1) (205 n - 160 n + 32)|
// - | ) ---------------------------------|
// 2 | / 5 5 |
// | ----- n binomial(2 n, n) |
// \ n = 1 /
//
// The formula used to compute Zeta(3) has reference in the paper
// "Hypergeometric Series Acceleration via the WZ method" by
// T. Amdeberhan and Doron Zeilberger,
// Electronic J. Combin. 4 (1997), R3.
//
// Computation of the sum:
// Evaluate a sum(0 <= n < N, a(n)/b(n) * (p(0)...p(n))/(q(0)...q(n)))
// with appropriate N, and
// a(n) = 205*n^2+250*n+77, b(n) = 1,
// p(0) = 1, p(n) = -n^5 for n>0, q(n) = 32*(2n+1)^5.
var uintC actuallen = len+2; // 2 guard digits
var uintC N = ceiling(actuallen*intDsize,10);
// 1024^-N <= 2^(-intDsize*actuallen).
var cl_LF sum = eval_rational_series<false>(N,series,actuallen,actuallen);
return scale_float(shorten(sum,len),-1);
}
// Bit complexity (N := len): O(log(N)^2*M(N)).
// Timings of the above algorithm, on an i486 33 MHz, running Linux.
// N sum_exp sum_cvz1 sum_cvz2 hypgeom
// 10 1.17 0.081 0.125 0.013
// 25 5.1 0.23 0.50 0.045
// 50 15.7 0.66 1.62 0.14
// 100 45.5 1.93 5.4 0.44
// 250 169 13.1 25.1 2.03
// 500 436 56.5 70.6 6.44
// 1000 236 192 18.2
// 2500 78.3
// 5000 202
// 10000 522
// 25000 1512
// 50000 3723
// asymp. FAST N^2 FAST FAST
// (FAST means O(log(N)^2*M(N)))
} // namespace cln