From c597eb5534a61a742ac4f2792b5b1760d34a794a Mon Sep 17 00:00:00 2001 From: Richard Kreckel Date: Fri, 5 May 2000 18:01:35 +0000 Subject: [PATCH] - Upgraded texinfo.tex to newer version 1999-10-01.07, which also triggered lots of style changes. - Documented use of external GMP. - Fixed some index entries. --- doc/cln.dvi | Bin 257596 -> 258328 bytes doc/cln.html | 946 +++--- doc/cln.info | 224 +- doc/cln.ps | 8242 +++++++++++++++++++++++----------------------- doc/cln.tex | 58 +- doc/cln.texi | 70 +- doc/cln_1.html | 2 +- doc/cln_10.html | 28 +- doc/cln_11.html | 26 +- doc/cln_12.html | 24 +- doc/cln_13.html | 4 +- doc/cln_2.html | 45 +- doc/cln_3.html | 60 +- doc/cln_4.html | 448 +-- doc/cln_5.html | 18 +- doc/cln_6.html | 4 +- doc/cln_7.html | 68 +- doc/cln_8.html | 28 +- doc/cln_9.html | 78 +- doc/cln_toc.html | 139 +- doc/texinfo.tex | 4769 +++++++++++++++++---------- 21 files changed, 8430 insertions(+), 6851 deletions(-) diff --git a/doc/cln.dvi b/doc/cln.dvi index 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  • 2.2 Building the library -
  • 2.3 Installing the library -
  • 2.4 Cleaning up + +
  • 2.3 Installing the library +
  • 2.4 Cleaning up -
  • 3. Ordinary number types +
  • 3. Ordinary number types -
  • 4. Functions on numbers +
  • 4. Functions on numbers -
  • 5. Input/Output +
  • 5. Input/Output -
  • 6. Rings -
  • 7. Modular integers +
  • 6. Rings +
  • 7. Modular integers -
  • 8. Symbolic data types +
  • 8. Symbolic data types -
  • 9. Univariate polynomials +
  • 9. Univariate polynomials -
  • 10. Internals +
  • 10. Internals -
  • 11. Using the library +
  • 11. Using the library -
  • 12. Customizing +
  • 12. Customizing -
  • Index +
  • Index

    @@ -316,21 +319,23 @@ of static and global variables, a feature which I could implement for GNU g++ only. -

    -

    2.1.2 Make utility

    +

    + +

    To build CLN, you also need to have GNU make installed. -

    -

    2.1.3 Sed utility

    +

    + +

    To build CLN on HP-UX, you also need to have GNU sed installed. @@ -466,11 +471,40 @@ library. -

    2.3 Installing the library

    +

    2.2.1 Using the GNU MP Library

    +

    +Starting with version 1.0.4, CLN may be configured to make use of a +preinstalled gmp library. Please make sure that you have at +least gmp version 3.0 installed since earlier versions are +unsupported and likely not to work. Enabling this feature by calling +configure with the option `--with-gmp' is known to be quite +a boost for CLN's performance. + + +

    +If you have installed the gmp library and its header file in +some place where your compiler cannot find it by default, you must help +configure by setting CPPFLAGS and LDFLAGS. Here is +an example: + + + +

    +$ CC="gcc" CFLAGS="-O2" CXX="g++" CXXFLAGS="-O2 -fno-exceptions" \
+  CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/gmp/include" LDFLAGS="-L/opt/gmp/lib" ./configure --with-gmp
+
    + + + +

    2.3 Installing the library

    +

    + + +

    As with any autoconfiguring GNU software, installation is as easy as this: @@ -496,7 +530,7 @@ the --prefix=... option. -

    2.4 Cleaning up

    +

    2.4 Cleaning up

    You can remove system-dependent files generated by make through @@ -519,7 +553,7 @@ $ make distclean -

    3. Ordinary number types

    +

    3. Ordinary number types

    CLN implements the following class hierarchy: @@ -555,8 +589,8 @@ Rational number Floating-point number

    - + The base class cl_number is an abstract base class. It is not useful to declare a variable of this type except if you want to completely disable compile-time type checking and use run-time type @@ -564,24 +598,24 @@ checking instead.

    - + The class cl_N comprises real and complex numbers. There is no special class for complex numbers since complex numbers with imaginary part 0 are automatically converted to real numbers.

    - + The class cl_R comprises real numbers of different kinds. It is an abstract class.

    - + The class cl_RA comprises exact real numbers: rational numbers, including integers. There is no special class for non-integral rational numbers since rational numbers with denominator 1 are automatically converted @@ -589,16 +623,16 @@ to integers.

    - + The class cl_F implements floating-point approximations to real numbers. It is an abstract class. -

    3.1 Exact numbers

    +

    3.1 Exact numbers

    - +

    @@ -640,9 +674,9 @@ is completely transparent. -

    3.2 Floating-point numbers

    +

    3.2 Floating-point numbers

    - +

    @@ -654,7 +688,7 @@ CLN implements ordinary floating-point numbers, with mantissa and exponent.

    - + The elementary operations (+, -, *, /, ...) only return approximate results. For example, the value of the expression (cl_F) 0.3 + (cl_F) 0.4 prints as `0.70000005', not as @@ -685,7 +719,7 @@ Floating point numbers come in four flavors:

    • - + Short floats, type cl_SF. They have 1 sign bit, 8 exponent bits (including the exponent's sign), and 17 mantissa bits (including the "hidden" bit). @@ -693,7 +727,7 @@ They don't consume heap allocation.
    • - + Single floats, type cl_FF. They have 1 sign bit, 8 exponent bits (including the exponent's sign), and 24 mantissa bits (including the "hidden" bit). @@ -702,7 +736,7 @@ This corresponds closely to the C/C++ type `float'.
    • - + Double floats, type cl_DF. They have 1 sign bit, 11 exponent bits (including the exponent's sign), and 53 mantissa bits (including the "hidden" bit). @@ -711,7 +745,7 @@ This corresponds closely to the C/C++ type `double'.
    • - + Long floats, type cl_LF. They have 1 sign bit, 32 exponent bits (including the exponent's sign), and n mantissa bits (including the "hidden" bit), where n >= 64. @@ -732,7 +766,7 @@ with larger exponent range.

      - + As a user of CLN, you can forget about the differences between the four floating-point types and just declare all your floating-point variables as being of type cl_F. This has the advantage that @@ -747,9 +781,9 @@ the floating point contagion rule happened to change in the future.) -

      3.3 Complex numbers

      +

      3.3 Complex numbers

      - +

      @@ -766,9 +800,9 @@ through application of sqrt or transcendental functions. -

      3.4 Conversions

      +

      3.4 Conversions

      - +

      @@ -827,7 +861,7 @@ Conversions from `const char *' are provided for the classes cl_R, cl_N. The easiest way to specify a value which is outside of the range of the C++ built-in types is therefore to specify it as a string, like this: - + 

          cl_I order_of_rubiks_cube_group = "43252003274489856000";
@@ -847,16 +881,16 @@ the functions
 
 
      int cl_I_to_int (const cl_I& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      unsigned int cl_I_to_uint (const cl_I& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      long cl_I_to_long (const cl_I& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      unsigned long cl_I_to_ulong (const cl_I& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns x as element of the C type ctype. If x is not
 representable in the range of ctype, a runtime error occurs.
 
@@ -873,10 +907,10 @@ the functions
 
 
      float cl_float_approx (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      double cl_double_approx (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns an approximation of x of C type ctype.
 If abs(x) is too close to 0 (underflow), 0 is returned.
 If abs(x) is too large (overflow), an IEEE infinity is returned.
@@ -887,10 +921,10 @@ Conversions from any class to any of its subclasses ("derived classes" in
 C++ terminology) are not provided. Instead, you can assert and check
 that a value belongs to a certain subclass, and return it as element of that
 class, using the `As' and `The' macros.
-
+
 As(type)(value) checks that value belongs to
 type and returns it as such.
-
+
 The(type)(value) assumes that value belongs to
 type and returns it as such. It is your responsibility to ensure
 that this assumption is valid.
@@ -907,7 +941,7 @@ Example:
 
 
 
-
      4. Functions on numbers
      
+
      4. Functions on numbers
      
 
 
      
 Each of the number classes declares its mathematical operations in the
@@ -917,7 +951,7 @@ objects of type cl_I, it should #include <cl_integer.h
 
 
 
-
      4.1 Constructing numbers
      
+
      4.1 Constructing numbers
      
 
 
      
 Here is how to create number objects "from nothing".
@@ -925,37 +959,37 @@ Here is how to create number objects "from nothing".
 
 
 
-
      4.1.1 Constructing integers
      
+
      4.1.1 Constructing integers
      
 
 
      
 cl_I objects are most easily constructed from C integers and from
-strings. See section 3.4 Conversions.
+strings. See section 3.4 Conversions.
 
 
 
 
-
      4.1.2 Constructing rational numbers
      
+
      4.1.2 Constructing rational numbers
      
 
 
      
 cl_RA objects can be constructed from strings. The syntax
-for rational numbers is described in section 5.1 Internal and printed representation.
+for rational numbers is described in section 5.1 Internal and printed representation.
 Another standard way to produce a rational number is through application
 of `operator /' or `recip' on integers.
 
 
 
 
-
      4.1.3 Constructing floating-point numbers
      
+
      4.1.3 Constructing floating-point numbers
      
 
 
      
 cl_F objects with low precision are most easily constructed from
-C `float' and `double'. See section 3.4 Conversions.
+C `float' and `double'. See section 3.4 Conversions.
 
 
 
      
 To construct a cl_F with high precision, you can use the conversion
 from `const char *', but you have to specify the desired precision
-within the string. (See section 5.1 Internal and printed representation.)
+within the string. (See section 5.1 Internal and printed representation.)
 Example:
 
 
      @@ -969,7 +1003,7 @@ will set `e' to the given value, with a precision of 40 decimal dig
 
      
 The programmatic way to construct a cl_F with high precision is
 through the cl_float conversion function, see
-section 4.11.1 Conversion to floating-point numbers. For example, to compute
+section 4.11.1 Conversion to floating-point numbers. For example, to compute
 e to 40 decimal places, first construct 1.0 to 40 decimal places
 and then apply the exponential function:
 
@@ -980,7 +1014,7 @@ and then apply the exponential function:
 
 
 
-
      4.1.4 Constructing complex numbers
      
+
      4.1.4 Constructing complex numbers
      
 
 
      
 Non-real cl_N objects are normally constructed through the function
@@ -990,12 +1024,12 @@ Non-real cl_N objects are normally constructed through the function
 
      
 
 
      
-See section 4.4 Elementary complex functions.
+See section 4.4 Elementary complex functions.
 
 
 
 
-
      4.2 Elementary functions
      
+
      4.2 Elementary functions
      
 
 
      
 Each of the classes cl_N, cl_R, cl_RA, cl_I,
@@ -1007,12 +1041,12 @@ defines the following operations:
 
 
      type operator + (const type&, const type&)
 
      
-
+
 Addition.
 
 
      type operator - (const type&, const type&)
 
      
-
+
 Subtraction.
 
 
      type operator - (const type&)
@@ -1021,22 +1055,22 @@ Returns the negative of the argument.
 
 
      type plus1 (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns x + 1.
 
 
      type minus1 (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns x - 1.
 
 
      type operator * (const type&, const type&)
 
      
-
+
 Multiplication.
 
 
      type square (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns x * x.
 
 
@@ -1050,12 +1084,12 @@ defines the following operations:
 
 
      type operator / (const type&, const type&)
 
      
-
+
 Division.
 
 
      type recip (const type&)
 
      
-
+
 Returns the reciprocal of the argument.
 
 
@@ -1063,7 +1097,7 @@ Returns the reciprocal of the argument.
 The class cl_I doesn't define a `/' operation because
 in the C/C++ language this operator, applied to integral types,
 denotes the `floor' or `truncate' operation (which one of these,
-is implementation dependent). (See section 4.6 Rounding functions)
+is implementation dependent). (See section 4.6 Rounding functions.)
 Instead, cl_I defines an "exact quotient" function:
 
 
@@ -1071,7 +1105,7 @@ Instead, cl_I defines an "exact quotient" function:
 
 
      cl_I exquo (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 Checks that y divides x, and returns the quotient x/y.
 
 
@@ -1083,14 +1117,14 @@ The following exponentiation functions are defined:
 
 
      cl_I expt_pos (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 
      cl_RA expt_pos (const cl_RA& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
 y must be > 0. Returns x^y.
 
 
      cl_RA expt (const cl_RA& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 
      cl_R expt (const cl_R& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
 
      cl_N expt (const cl_N& x, const cl_I& y)
@@ -1108,7 +1142,7 @@ defines the following operation:
 
 
      type abs (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns the absolute value of x.
 This is x if x >= 0, and -x if x <= 0.
 
@@ -1134,7 +1168,7 @@ defines the following operation:
 
 
      type signum (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns the sign of x, in the same number format as x.
 This is defined as x / abs(x) if x is non-zero, and
 x if x is zero. If x is real, the value is either
@@ -1143,7 +1177,7 @@ This is defined as x / abs(x) if x is non-zero, and
 
 
 
-
      4.3 Elementary rational functions
      
+
      4.3 Elementary rational functions
      
 
 
      
 Each of the classes cl_RA, cl_I defines the following operations:
@@ -1153,12 +1187,12 @@ Each of the classes cl_RA, cl_I defines the following
 
 
      cl_I numerator (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns the numerator of x.
 
 
      cl_I denominator (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns the denominator of x.
 
 
@@ -1169,7 +1203,7 @@ a way that they have no factor in common and the denominator is positive.
 
 
 
-
      4.4 Elementary complex functions
      
+
      4.4 Elementary complex functions
      
 
 
      
 The class cl_N defines the following operation:
@@ -1179,7 +1213,7 @@ The class cl_N defines the following operation:
 
 
      cl_N complex (const cl_R& a, const cl_R& b)
 
      
-
+
 Returns the complex number a+bi, that is, the complex number with
 real part a and imaginary part b.
 
@@ -1192,17 +1226,17 @@ Each of the classes cl_N, cl_R defines the following o
 
 
      cl_R realpart (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns the real part of x.
 
 
      cl_R imagpart (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns the imaginary part of x.
 
 
      type conjugate (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns the complex conjugate of x.
 
 
@@ -1222,9 +1256,9 @@ We have the relations
 
 
 
-
      4.5 Comparisons
      
+
      4.5 Comparisons
      
 
      
-
+
 
 
 
      
@@ -1237,22 +1271,22 @@ defines the following operations:
 
 
      bool operator == (const type&, const type&)
 
      
-
+
 
      bool operator != (const type&, const type&)
 
      
-
+
 Comparison, as in C and C++.
 
 
      uint32 cl_equal_hashcode (const type&)
 
      
-
+
 Returns a 32-bit hash code that is the same for any two numbers which are
 the same according to ==. This hash code depends on the number's value,
 not its type or precision.
 
 
      cl_boolean zerop (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Compare against zero: x == 0
 
 
@@ -1266,42 +1300,42 @@ defines the following operations:
 
 
      cl_signean cl_compare (const type& x, const type& y)
 
      
-
+
 Compares x and y. Returns +1 if x>y,
 -1 if x<y, 0 if x=y.
 
 
      bool operator <= (const type&, const type&)
 
      
-
+
 
      bool operator < (const type&, const type&)
 
      
-
+
 
      bool operator >= (const type&, const type&)
 
      
-
+
 
      bool operator > (const type&, const type&)
 
      
-
+
 Comparison, as in C and C++.
 
 
      cl_boolean minusp (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Compare against zero: x < 0
 
 
      cl_boolean plusp (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Compare against zero: x > 0
 
 
      type max (const type& x, const type& y)
 
      
-
+
 Return the maximum of x and y.
 
 
      type min (const type& x, const type& y)
 
      
-
+
 Return the minimum of x and y.
 
 
@@ -1316,9 +1350,9 @@ there is no floating point number whose value is exactly 1/3.
 
 
 
-
      4.6 Rounding functions
      
+
      4.6 Rounding functions
      
 
      
-
+
 
 
 
      
@@ -1389,19 +1423,19 @@ defines the following operations:
 
 
      cl_I floor1 (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns floor(x).
 
      cl_I ceiling1 (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns ceiling(x).
 
      cl_I truncate1 (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns truncate(x).
 
      cl_I round1 (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns round(x).
 
 
@@ -1490,16 +1524,16 @@ defines the following operations:
 
      
 
      type_div_t floor2 (const type& x, const type& y)
 
      
-
+
 
      type_div_t ceiling2 (const type& x, const type& y)
 
      
-
+
 
      type_div_t truncate2 (const type& x, const type& y)
 
      
-
+
 
      type_div_t round2 (const type& x, const type& y)
 
      
-
+
 
 
 
      
@@ -1518,16 +1552,16 @@ defines the following operations:
 
 
      type ffloor (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      type fceiling (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      type ftruncate (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      type fround (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 
 
 
      
@@ -1559,6 +1593,11 @@ and the remainder. The suffix `2' indicates this.
 Each of the classes
 cl_F, cl_SF, cl_FF, cl_DF, cl_LF
 defines the following operations:
+
+
+
+
+
 
 
 
      
@@ -1567,19 +1606,20 @@ defines the following operations:
 
      
 
      type_fdiv_t ffloor2 (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      type_fdiv_t fceiling2 (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      type_fdiv_t ftruncate2 (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      type_fdiv_t fround2 (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      
 
      
 and similarly for class cl_R, but with quotient type cl_F.
+
 
 
 
      
@@ -1631,15 +1671,15 @@ The classes cl_R, cl_I define the following operations
 
 
      type mod (const type& x, const type& y)
 
      
-
+
 
      type rem (const type& x, const type& y)
 
      
-
+
 
 
 
 
-
      4.7 Roots
      
+
      4.7 Roots
      
 
 
      
 Each of the classes cl_R,
@@ -1651,7 +1691,7 @@ defines the following operation:
 
 
      type sqrt (const type& x)
 
      
-
+
 x must be >= 0. This function returns the square root of x,
 normalized to be >= 0. If x is the square of a rational number,
 sqrt(x) will be a rational number, else it will return a
@@ -1666,7 +1706,7 @@ The classes cl_RA, cl_I define the following operation
 
 
      cl_boolean sqrtp (const type& x, type* root)
 
      
-
+
 This tests whether x is a perfect square. If so, it returns true
 and the exact square root in *root, else it returns false.
 
@@ -1679,7 +1719,7 @@ Furthermore, for integers, similarly:
 
 
      cl_boolean isqrt (const type& x, type* root)
 
      
-
+
 x should be >= 0. This function sets *root to
 floor(sqrt(x)) and returns the same value as sqrtp:
 the boolean value (expt(*root,2) == x).
@@ -1694,7 +1734,7 @@ define the following operation:
 
 
      cl_boolean rootp (const type& x, const cl_I& n, type* root)
 
      
-
+
 x must be >= 0. n must be > 0.
 This tests whether x is an nth power of a rational number.
 If so, it returns true and the exact root in *root, else it returns
@@ -1710,7 +1750,7 @@ for class cl_N:
 
 
      cl_N sqrt (const cl_N& z)
 
      
-
+
 Returns the square root of z, as defined by the formula
 sqrt(z) = exp(log(z)/2). Conversion to a floating-point type
 or to a complex number are done if necessary. The range of the result is the
@@ -1722,9 +1762,9 @@ The result is an exact number only if z is an exact number.
 
 
 
-
      4.8 Transcendental functions
      
+
      4.8 Transcendental functions
      
 
      
-
+
 
 
 
      
@@ -1736,13 +1776,13 @@ For example, cos(0) = 1 returns the rational number 1.
 
 
 
-
      4.8.1 Exponential and logarithmic functions
      
+
      4.8.1 Exponential and logarithmic functions
      
 
 
      
 
 
      cl_R exp (const cl_R& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      cl_N exp (const cl_N& x)
 
      
 Returns the exponential function of x. This is e^x where
@@ -1751,12 +1791,12 @@ is the entire complex plane excluding 0.
 
 
      cl_R ln (const cl_R& x)
 
      
-
+
 x must be > 0. Returns the (natural) logarithm of x.
 
 
      cl_N log (const cl_N& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns the (natural) logarithm of x. If x is real and positive,
 this is ln(x). In general, log(x) = log(abs(x)) + i*phase(x).
 The range of the result is the strip in the complex plane
@@ -1764,7 +1804,7 @@ The range of the result is the strip in the complex plane
 
 
      cl_R phase (const cl_N& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns the angle part of x in its polar representation as a
 complex number. That is, phase(x) = atan(realpart(x),imagpart(x)).
 This is also the imaginary part of log(x).
@@ -1786,7 +1826,7 @@ Returns the logarithm of a with respect to base b.
 
 
      cl_N expt (const cl_N& x, const cl_N& y)
 
      
-
+
 Exponentiation: Returns x^y = exp(y*log(x)).
 
      
 
@@ -1798,7 +1838,7 @@ The constant e = exp(1) = 2.71828... is returned by the following functions:
 
 
      cl_F cl_exp1 (cl_float_format_t f)
 
      
-
+
 Returns e as a float of format f.
 
 
      cl_F cl_exp1 (const cl_F& y)
@@ -1812,13 +1852,13 @@ Returns e as a float of format cl_default_float_format.
 
 
 
-
      4.8.2 Trigonometric functions
      
+
      4.8.2 Trigonometric functions
      
 
 
      
 
 
      cl_R sin (const cl_R& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns sin(x). The range of the result is the interval
 -1 <= sin(x) <= 1.
 
@@ -1828,7 +1868,7 @@ Returns sin(z). The range of the result is the entire complex plane
 
 
      cl_R cos (const cl_R& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns cos(x). The range of the result is the interval
 -1 <= cos(x) <= 1.
 
@@ -1838,31 +1878,31 @@ Returns cos(z). The range of the result is the entire complex plane
 
 
      struct cl_cos_sin_t { cl_R cos; cl_R sin; };
 
      
-
+
 
      cl_cos_sin_t cl_cos_sin (const cl_R& x)
 
      
 Returns both sin(x) and cos(x). This is more efficient than
-
+
 computing them separately. The relation cos^2 + sin^2 = 1 will
 hold only approximately.
 
 
      cl_R tan (const cl_R& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      cl_N tan (const cl_N& x)
 
      
 Returns tan(x) = sin(x)/cos(x).
 
 
      cl_N cis (const cl_R& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      cl_N cis (const cl_N& x)
 
      
 Returns exp(i*x). The name `cis' means "cos + i sin", because
 e^(i*x) = cos(x) + i*sin(x).
 
-
-
+
+
 
      cl_N asin (const cl_N& z)
 
      
 Returns arcsin(z). This is defined as
@@ -1875,7 +1915,7 @@ with realpart = pi/2 and imagpart > 0.
 
 
      cl_N acos (const cl_N& z)
 
      
-
+
 Returns arccos(z). This is defined as
 arccos(z) = pi/2 - arcsin(z) = log(z+i*sqrt(1-z^2))/i
 and satisfies arccos(-z) = pi - arccos(z).
@@ -1884,8 +1924,8 @@ The range of the result is the strip in the complex domain
 with realpart = 0 and imagpart < 0 and the numbers
 with realpart = pi and imagpart > 0.
 
-
-
+
+
 
      cl_R atan (const cl_R& x, const cl_R& y)
 
      
 Returns the angle of the polar representation of the complex number
@@ -1914,8 +1954,8 @@ with realpart = pi/2 and imagpart <= 0.
 
      
 
 
      
-
-
+
+
 Archimedes' constant pi = 3.14... is returned by the following functions:
 
 
@@ -1923,7 +1963,7 @@ Archimedes' constant pi = 3.14... is returned by the following functions:
 
 
      cl_F cl_pi (cl_float_format_t f)
 
      
-
+
 Returns pi as a float of format f.
 
 
      cl_F cl_pi (const cl_F& y)
@@ -1937,13 +1977,13 @@ Returns pi as a float of format cl_default_float_format.
 
 
 
-
      4.8.3 Hyperbolic functions
      
+
      4.8.3 Hyperbolic functions
      
 
 
      
 
 
      cl_R sinh (const cl_R& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns sinh(x).
 
 
      cl_N sinh (const cl_N& z)
@@ -1952,7 +1992,7 @@ Returns sinh(z). The range of the result is the entire complex plan
 
 
      cl_R cosh (const cl_R& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns cosh(x). The range of the result is the interval
 cosh(x) >= 1.
 
@@ -1962,24 +2002,24 @@ Returns cosh(z). The range of the result is the entire complex plan
 
 
      struct cl_cosh_sinh_t { cl_R cosh; cl_R sinh; };
 
      
-
+
 
      cl_cosh_sinh_t cl_cosh_sinh (const cl_R& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns both sinh(x) and cosh(x). This is more efficient than
 computing them separately. The relation cosh^2 - sinh^2 = 1 will
 hold only approximately.
 
 
      cl_R tanh (const cl_R& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      cl_N tanh (const cl_N& x)
 
      
 Returns tanh(x) = sinh(x)/cosh(x).
 
 
      cl_N asinh (const cl_N& z)
 
      
-
+
 Returns arsinh(z). This is defined as
 arsinh(z) = log(z+sqrt(1+z^2)) and satisfies
 arsinh(-z) = -arsinh(z).
@@ -1990,7 +2030,7 @@ with imagpart = pi/2 and realpart < 0.
 
 
      cl_N acosh (const cl_N& z)
 
      
-
+
 Returns arcosh(z). This is defined as
 arcosh(z) = 2*log(sqrt((z+1)/2)+sqrt((z-1)/2)).
 The range of the result is the half-strip in the complex domain
@@ -1999,7 +2039,7 @@ excluding the numbers with realpart = 0 and -pi < imagpar
 
 
      cl_N atanh (const cl_N& z)
 
      
-
+
 Returns artanh(z). This is defined as
 artanh(z) = (log(1+z)-log(1-z)) / 2 and satisfies
 artanh(-z) = -artanh(z). The range of the result is
@@ -2011,9 +2051,9 @@ with imagpart = pi/2 and realpart >= 0.
 
 
 
-
      4.8.4 Euler gamma
      
+
      4.8.4 Euler gamma
      
 
      
-
+
 
 
 
      
@@ -2024,7 +2064,7 @@ Euler's constant C = 0.577... is returned by the following functions:
 
 
      cl_F cl_eulerconst (cl_float_format_t f)
 
      
-
+
 Returns Euler's constant as a float of format f.
 
 
      cl_F cl_eulerconst (const cl_F& y)
@@ -2038,14 +2078,14 @@ Returns Euler's constant as a float of format cl_default_float_format
 Catalan's constant G = 0.915... is returned by the following functions:
-
+
 
 
 
      
 
 
      cl_F cl_catalanconst (cl_float_format_t f)
 
      
-
+
 Returns Catalan's constant as a float of format f.
 
 
      cl_F cl_catalanconst (const cl_F& y)
@@ -2059,9 +2099,9 @@ Returns Catalan's constant as a float of format cl_default_float_format4.8.5 Riemann zeta
+
      4.8.5 Riemann zeta
      
 
      
-
+
 
 
 
      
@@ -2073,7 +2113,7 @@ following functions:
 
 
      cl_F cl_zeta (int s, cl_float_format_t f)
 
      
-
+
 Returns Riemann's zeta function at s as a float of format f.
 
 
      cl_F cl_zeta (int s, const cl_F& y)
@@ -2088,11 +2128,11 @@ Returns Riemann's zeta function at s as a float of format
 
 
 
-
      4.9 Functions on integers
      
+
      4.9 Functions on integers
      
 
 
 
-
      4.9.1 Logical functions
      
+
      4.9.1 Logical functions
      
 
 
      
 Integers, when viewed as in two's complement notation, can be thought as
@@ -2113,69 +2153,69 @@ on each of the bit positions in parallel.
 
 
      cl_I lognot (const cl_I& x)
 
      
-
+
 
      cl_I operator ~ (const cl_I& x)
 
      
-
+
 Logical not, like ~x in C. This is the same as -1-x.
 
 
      cl_I logand (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 
      cl_I operator & (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 Logical and, like x & y in C.
 
 
      cl_I logior (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 
      cl_I operator | (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 Logical (inclusive) or, like x | y in C.
 
 
      cl_I logxor (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 
      cl_I operator ^ (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 Exclusive or, like x ^ y in C.
 
 
      cl_I logeqv (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 Bitwise equivalence, like ~(x ^ y) in C.
 
 
      cl_I lognand (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 Bitwise not and, like ~(x & y) in C.
 
 
      cl_I lognor (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 Bitwise not or, like ~(x | y) in C.
 
 
      cl_I logandc1 (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 Logical and, complementing the first argument, like ~x & y in C.
 
 
      cl_I logandc2 (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 Logical and, complementing the second argument, like x & ~y in C.
 
 
      cl_I logorc1 (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 Logical or, complementing the first argument, like ~x | y in C.
 
 
      cl_I logorc2 (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 Logical or, complementing the second argument, like x | ~y in C.
 
      
 
@@ -2185,7 +2225,7 @@ These operations are all available though the function
 
 
      cl_I boole (cl_boole op, const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 
      
 
      
 where op must have one of the 16 values (each one stands for a function
@@ -2194,13 +2234,6 @@ which combines two bits into one bit): boole_clr, boole_setboole_and, boole_ior, boole_xor, boole_eqv,
 boole_nand, boole_nor, boole_andc1, boole_andc2,
 boole_orc1, boole_orc2.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
 
 
 
@@ -2209,6 +2242,13 @@ which combines two bits into one bit): boole_clr, boole_set
 
 
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
 
 
 
      
@@ -2219,19 +2259,19 @@ Other functions that view integers as bit strings:
 
 
      cl_boolean logtest (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
      
-
+
 Returns true if some bit is set in both x and y, i.e. if
 logand(x,y) != 0.
 
 
      cl_boolean logbitp (const cl_I& n, const cl_I& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns true if the nth bit (from the right) of x is set.
 Bit 0 is the least significant bit.
 
 
      uintL logcount (const cl_I& x)
 
      
-
+
 Returns the number of one bits in x, if x >= 0, or
 the number of zero bits in x, if x < 0.
 
@@ -2245,7 +2285,7 @@ struct cl_byte { uintL size; uintL position; };

      - + represents the bit interval containing the bits position...position+size-1 of an integer. The constructor cl_byte(size,position) constructs a cl_byte. @@ -2255,19 +2295,19 @@ The constructor cl_byte(size,position) constructs a cl_bytecl_I ldb (const cl_I& n, const cl_byte& b)

      - + extracts the bits of n described by the bit interval b and returns them as a nonnegative integer with b.size bits.
      cl_boolean ldb_test (const cl_I& n, const cl_byte& b)
      - + Returns true if some bit described by the bit interval b is set in n.
      cl_I dpb (const cl_I& newbyte, const cl_I& n, const cl_byte& b)
      - + Returns n, with the bits described by the bit interval b replaced by newbyte. Only the lowest b.size bits of newbyte are relevant. @@ -2282,13 +2322,13 @@ functions are their counterparts without shifting:
      cl_I mask_field (const cl_I& n, const cl_byte& b)
      - + returns an integer with the bits described by the bit interval b copied from the corresponding bits in n, the other bits zero.
      cl_I deposit_field (const cl_I& newbyte, const cl_I& n, const cl_byte& b)
      - + returns an integer where the bits described by the bit interval b come from newbyte and the other bits come from n. @@ -2319,39 +2359,39 @@ for common arithmetic operations:
      cl_boolean oddp (const cl_I& x)
      - + Returns true if the least significant bit of x is 1. Equivalent to mod(x,2) != 0.
      cl_boolean evenp (const cl_I& x)
      - + Returns true if the least significant bit of x is 0. Equivalent to mod(x,2) == 0.
      cl_I operator << (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& n)
      - + Shifts x by n bits to the left. n should be >=0. Equivalent to x * expt(2,n).
      cl_I operator >> (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& n)
      - + Shifts x by n bits to the right. n should be >=0. Bits shifted out to the right are thrown away. Equivalent to floor(x / expt(2,n)).
      cl_I ash (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
      - + Shifts x by y bits to the left (if y>=0) or by -y bits to the right (if y<=0). In other words, this returns floor(x * expt(2,y)).
      uintL integer_length (const cl_I& x)
      - + Returns the number of bits (excluding the sign bit) needed to represent x in two's complement notation. This is the smallest n >= 0 such that -2^n <= x < 2^n. If x > 0, this is the unique n > 0 such that @@ -2359,14 +2399,14 @@ in two's complement notation. This is the smallest n >= 0 such that
      uintL ord2 (const cl_I& x)
      - + x must be non-zero. This function returns the number of 0 bits at the right of x in two's complement notation. This is the largest n >= 0 such that 2^n divides x.
      uintL power2p (const cl_I& x)
      - + x must be > 0. This function checks whether x is a power of 2. If x = 2^(n-1), it returns n. Else it returns 0. (See also the function logp.) @@ -2374,13 +2414,13 @@ If x = 2^(n-1), it returns n. Else it returns 0. -

      4.9.2 Number theoretic functions

      +

      4.9.2 Number theoretic functions

      uint32 gcd (uint32 a, uint32 b)
      - +
      cl_I gcd (const cl_I& a, const cl_I& b)
      This function returns the greatest common divisor of a and b, @@ -2388,7 +2428,7 @@ normalized to be >= 0.
      cl_I xgcd (const cl_I& a, const cl_I& b, cl_I* u, cl_I* v)
      - + This function ("extended gcd") returns the greatest common divisor g of a and b and at the same time the representation of g as an integral linear combination of a and b: @@ -2400,13 +2440,13 @@ value, in the following sense: If a and b are non-zero
      cl_I lcm (const cl_I& a, const cl_I& b)
      - + This function returns the least common multiple of a and b, normalized to be >= 0.
      cl_boolean logp (const cl_I& a, const cl_I& b, cl_RA* l)
      - +
      cl_boolean logp (const cl_RA& a, const cl_RA& b, cl_RA* l)
      a must be > 0. b must be >0 and != 1. If log(a,b) is @@ -2416,26 +2456,26 @@ it returns false. -

      4.9.3 Combinatorial functions

      +

      4.9.3 Combinatorial functions

      cl_I factorial (uintL n)
      - + n must be a small integer >= 0. This function returns the factorial n! = 1*2*...*n.
      cl_I doublefactorial (uintL n)
      - + n must be a small integer >= 0. This function returns the doublefactorial n!! = 1*3*...*n or n!! = 2*4*...*n, respectively.
      cl_I binomial (uintL n, uintL k)
      - + n and k must be small integers >= 0. This function returns the binomial coefficient (n choose k) = n! / k! (n-k)! @@ -2444,7 +2484,7 @@ for 0 <= k <= n, 0 else. -

      4.10 Functions on floating-point numbers

      +

      4.10 Functions on floating-point numbers

      Recall that a floating-point number consists of a sign s, an @@ -2462,7 +2502,7 @@ defines the following operations.

      type scale_float (const type& x, sintL delta)
      - +
      type scale_float (const type& x, const cl_I& delta)
      Returns x*2^delta. This is more efficient than an explicit multiplication @@ -2478,32 +2518,32 @@ representation of floating-point numbers.
      sintL float_exponent (const type& x)
      - + Returns the exponent e of x. For x = 0.0, this is 0. For x non-zero, this is the unique integer with 2^(e-1) <= abs(x) < 2^e.
      sintL float_radix (const type& x)
      - + Returns the base of the floating-point representation. This is always 2.
      type float_sign (const type& x)
      - + Returns the sign s of x as a float. The value is 1 for x >= 0, -1 for x < 0.
      uintL float_digits (const type& x)
      - + Returns the number of mantissa bits in the floating-point representation of x, including the hidden bit. The value only depends on the type of x, not on its value.
      uintL float_precision (const type& x)
      - + Returns the number of significant mantissa bits in the floating-point representation of x. Since denormalized numbers are not supported, this is the same as float_digits(x) if x is non-zero, and @@ -2512,11 +2552,11 @@ this is the same as float_digits(x) if x is non-zero,

      The complete internal representation of a float is encoded in the type - - - - - + + + + + cl_decoded_float (or cl_decoded_sfloat, cl_decoded_ffloat, cl_decoded_dfloat, cl_decoded_lfloat, respectively), defined by @@ -2534,7 +2574,7 @@ and returned by the function

      cl_decoded_typefloat decode_float (const type& x)
      - + For x non-zero, this returns (-1)^s, e, m with x = (-1)^s * 2^e * m and 0.5 <= m < 1.0. For x = 0, it returns (-1)^s=1, e=0, m=0. @@ -2545,7 +2585,7 @@ it returns (-1)^s=1, e=0, m=0. A complete decoding in terms of integers is provided as type 
      -struct cl_idecoded_float {
+struct cl_idecoded_float {
         cl_I mantissa; cl_I exponent; cl_I sign;
 };
      @@ -2558,7 +2598,7 @@ by the following function:
      cl_idecoded_float integer_decode_float (const type& x)
      - + For x non-zero, this returns (-1)^s, e, m with x = (-1)^s * 2^e * m and m an integer with float_digits(x) bits. For x = 0, it returns (-1)^s=1, e=0, m=0. @@ -2574,7 +2614,7 @@ Some other function, implemented only for class cl_F:
      cl_F float_sign (const cl_F& x, const cl_F& y)
      - + This returns a floating point number whose precision and absolute value is that of y and whose sign is that of x. If x is zero, it is treated as positive. Same for y. @@ -2582,24 +2622,25 @@ zero, it is treated as positive. Same for y. -

      4.11 Conversion functions

      +

      4.11 Conversion functions

      - + -

      4.11.1 Conversion to floating-point numbers

      +

      4.11.1 Conversion to floating-point numbers

      The type cl_float_format_t describes a floating-point format. +

      cl_float_format_t cl_float_format (uintL n)
      - + Returns the smallest float format which guarantees at least n decimal digits in the mantissa (after the decimal point). @@ -2609,7 +2650,7 @@ Returns the floating point format of x.
      cl_float_format_t cl_default_float_format
      - + Global variable: the default float format used when converting rational numbers to floats.
      @@ -2625,7 +2666,7 @@ defines the following operations:
      cl_F cl_float (const type&x, cl_float_format_t f)
      - + Returns x as a float of format f.
      cl_F cl_float (const type&x, const cl_F& y)
      @@ -2648,40 +2689,40 @@ Every floating-point format has some characteristic numbers:
      cl_F most_positive_float (cl_float_format_t f)
      - + Returns the largest (most positive) floating point number in float format f.
      cl_F most_negative_float (cl_float_format_t f)
      - + Returns the smallest (most negative) floating point number in float format f.
      cl_F least_positive_float (cl_float_format_t f)
      - + Returns the least positive floating point number (i.e. > 0 but closest to 0) in float format f.
      cl_F least_negative_float (cl_float_format_t f)
      - + Returns the least negative floating point number (i.e. < 0 but closest to 0) in float format f.
      cl_F float_epsilon (cl_float_format_t f)
      - + Returns the smallest floating point number e > 0 such that 1+e != 1.
      cl_F float_negative_epsilon (cl_float_format_t f)
      - + Returns the smallest floating point number e > 0 such that 1-e != 1.
      -

      4.11.2 Conversion to rational numbers

      +

      4.11.2 Conversion to rational numbers

      Each of the classes cl_R, cl_RA, cl_F @@ -2692,7 +2733,7 @@ defines the following operation:

      cl_RA rational (const type& x)
      - + Returns the value of x as an exact number. If x is already an exact number, this is x. If x is a floating-point number, the value is a rational number whose denominator is a power of 2. @@ -2707,7 +2748,7 @@ the function
      cl_RA rationalize (const cl_R& x)
      - + If x is a floating-point number, it actually represents an interval of real numbers, and this function returns the rational number with smallest denominator (and smallest numerator, in magnitude) @@ -2731,7 +2772,7 @@ If x is any float, one has -

      4.12 Random number generators

      +

      4.12 Random number generators

      A random generator is a machine which produces (pseudo-)random numbers. @@ -2749,7 +2790,8 @@ a complicated but deterministic way.

      The global variable - + + 

       cl_random_state cl_default_random_state
@@ -2766,14 +2808,14 @@ below are called without cl_random_state argument.
 
      
 
      uint32 random32 ()
 
      
-
+
 Returns a random unsigned 32-bit number. All bits are equally random.
 
 
      cl_I random_I (cl_random_state& randomstate, const cl_I& n)
 
      
 
      cl_I random_I (const cl_I& n)
 
      
-
+
 n must be an integer > 0. This function returns a random integer x
 in the range 0 <= x < n.
 
@@ -2781,7 +2823,7 @@ in the range 0 <= x < n.
 
      
 
      cl_F random_F (const cl_F& n)
 
      
-
+
 n must be a float > 0. This function returns a random floating-point
 number of the same format as n in the range 0 <= x < n.
 
@@ -2789,16 +2831,16 @@ number of the same format as n in the range 0 <= x <
 
      
 
      cl_R random_R (const cl_R& n)
 
      
-
+
 Behaves like random_I if n is an integer and like random_F
 if n is a float.
      -

      4.13 Obfuscating operators

      +

      4.13 Obfuscating operators

      - +

      @@ -2814,7 +2856,7 @@ to get happy, then add

      - + to the beginning of your source files, before the inclusion of any CLN include files. This flag will enable the following operators: @@ -2828,16 +2870,16 @@ For the classes cl_N, cl_R, cl_RA,

      type& operator += (type&, const type&)
      - +
      type& operator -= (type&, const type&)
      - +
      type& operator *= (type&, const type&)
      - +
      type& operator /= (type&, const type&)
      - +

      @@ -2854,19 +2896,19 @@ For the class cl_I:

      type& operator &= (type&, const type&)
      - +
      type& operator |= (type&, const type&)
      - +
      type& operator ^= (type&, const type&)
      - +
      type& operator <<= (type&, const type&)
      - +
      type& operator >>= (type&, const type&)
      - +

      @@ -2878,7 +2920,7 @@ For the classes cl_N, cl_R, cl_RA,

      type& operator ++ (type& x)
      - + The prefix operator ++x.
      void operator ++ (type& x, int) @@ -2887,7 +2929,7 @@ The postfix operator x++.
      type& operator -- (type& x)
      - + The prefix operator --x.
      void operator -- (type& x, int) @@ -2903,16 +2945,16 @@ efficient. -

      5. Input/Output

      +

      5. Input/Output

      - + -

      5.1 Internal and printed representation

      +

      5.1 Internal and printed representation

      - +

      @@ -2927,9 +2969,9 @@ Several external representations may denote the same number, for example,

      Converting an internal to an external representation is called "printing", - + converting an external to an internal representation is called "reading". - + In CLN, it is always true that conversion of an internal to an external representation and then back to an internal representation will yield the same internal representation. Symbolically: read(print(x)) == x. @@ -3009,7 +3051,7 @@ In Common Lisp notation: #C(realpart imagpart)5.2 Input functions +

      5.2 Input functions

      Including <cl_io.h> defines a type cl_istream, which is @@ -3161,7 +3203,7 @@ precision corresponding to their number of significant digits. -

      5.3 Output functions

      +

      5.3 Output functions

      Including <cl_io.h> defines a type cl_ostream, which is @@ -3316,7 +3358,7 @@ used by the function fprint. -

      6. Rings

      +

      6. Rings

      CLN has a class of abstract rings. @@ -3415,16 +3457,16 @@ Tests whether the given number is an element of the number ring R. -

      7. Modular integers

      +

      7. Modular integers

      - + -

      7.1 Modular integer rings

      +

      7.1 Modular integer rings

      - +

      @@ -3452,6 +3494,10 @@ The class of modular integer rings is <cl_modinteger.h> +

      + + +

      and the class of all modular integers (elements of modular integer rings) is @@ -3471,11 +3517,11 @@ Modular integer rings are constructed using the function

      cl_modint_ring cl_find_modint_ring (const cl_I& N)
      - + This function returns the modular ring `Z/NZ'. It takes care of finding out about special cases of N, like powers of two and odd numbers for which Montgomery multiplication will be a win, - + and precomputes any necessary auxiliary data for computing modulo N. There is a cache table of rings, indexed by N (or, more precisely, by abs(N)). This ensures that the precomputation costs are reduced @@ -3490,10 +3536,10 @@ Modular integer rings can be compared for equality:
      bool operator== (const cl_modint_ring&, const cl_modint_ring&)
      - +
      bool operator!= (const cl_modint_ring&, const cl_modint_ring&)
      - + These compare two modular integer rings for equality. Two different calls to cl_find_modint_ring with the same argument necessarily return the same ring because it is memoized in the cache table. @@ -3501,7 +3547,7 @@ same ring because it is memoized in the cache table. -

      7.2 Functions on modular integers

      +

      7.2 Functions on modular integers

      Given a modular integer ring R, the following members can be used. @@ -3511,27 +3557,27 @@ Given a modular integer ring R, the following members can be used.

      cl_I R->modulus
      - + This is the ring's modulus, normalized to be nonnegative: abs(N).
      cl_MI R->zero()
      - + This returns 0 mod N.
      cl_MI R->one()
      - + This returns 1 mod N.
      cl_MI R->canonhom (const cl_I& x)
      - + This returns x mod N.
      cl_I R->retract (const cl_MI& x)
      - + This is a partial inverse function to R->canonhom. It returns the standard representative (>=0, <N) of x. @@ -3539,7 +3585,7 @@ standard representative (>=0, <N) of x
      cl_MI R->random()
      - + This returns a random integer modulo N. @@ -3551,18 +3597,18 @@ The following operations are defined on modular integers.
      cl_modint_ring x.ring ()
      - + Returns the ring to which the modular integer x belongs.
      cl_MI operator+ (const cl_MI&, const cl_MI&)
      - + Returns the sum of two modular integers. One of the arguments may also be a plain integer.
      cl_MI operator- (const cl_MI&, const cl_MI&)
      - + Returns the difference of two modular integers. One of the arguments may also be a plain integer. @@ -3572,61 +3618,61 @@ Returns the negative of a modular integer.
      cl_MI operator* (const cl_MI&, const cl_MI&)
      - + Returns the product of two modular integers. One of the arguments may also be a plain integer.
      cl_MI square (const cl_MI&)
      - + Returns the square of a modular integer.
      cl_MI recip (const cl_MI& x)
      - + Returns the reciprocal x^-1 of a modular integer x. x must be coprime to the modulus, otherwise an error message is issued.
      cl_MI div (const cl_MI& x, const cl_MI& y)
      - + Returns the quotient x*y^-1 of two modular integers x, y. y must be coprime to the modulus, otherwise an error message is issued.
      cl_MI expt_pos (const cl_MI& x, const cl_I& y)
      - + y must be > 0. Returns x^y.
      cl_MI expt (const cl_MI& x, const cl_I& y)
      - + Returns x^y. If y is negative, x must be coprime to the modulus, else an error message is issued.
      cl_MI operator<< (const cl_MI& x, const cl_I& y)
      - + Returns x*2^y.
      cl_MI operator>> (const cl_MI& x, const cl_I& y)
      - + Returns x*2^-y. When y is positive, the modulus must be odd, or an error message is issued.
      bool operator== (const cl_MI&, const cl_MI&)
      - +
      bool operator!= (const cl_MI&, const cl_MI&)
      - + Compares two modular integers, belonging to the same modular integer ring, for equality.
      cl_boolean zerop (const cl_MI& x)
      - + Returns true if x is 0 mod N. @@ -3639,19 +3685,19 @@ input/output).
      void fprint (cl_ostream stream, const cl_MI& x)
      - +
      cl_ostream operator<< (cl_ostream stream, const cl_MI& x)
      - + Prints the modular integer x on the stream. The output may depend on the global printer settings in the variable cl_default_print_flags. -

      8. Symbolic data types

      +

      8. Symbolic data types

      - +

      @@ -3660,9 +3706,9 @@ CLN implements two symbolic (non-numeric) data types: strings and symbols. -

      8.1 Strings

      +

      8.1 Strings

      - +

      @@ -3688,7 +3734,7 @@ Strings are constructed through the following constructors:

      cl_string (const char * s)
      - + Returns an immutable copy of the (zero-terminated) C string s.
      cl_string (const char * ptr, unsigned long len) @@ -3709,30 +3755,30 @@ Assignment from cl_string and const char *.
      s.length()
      - +
      strlen(s)
      - + Returns the length of the string s.
      s[i]
      - + Returns the ith character of the string s. i must be in the range 0 <= i < s.length().
      bool equal (const cl_string& s1, const cl_string& s2)
      - + Compares two strings for equality. One of the arguments may also be a plain const char *. -

      8.2 Symbols

      +

      8.2 Symbols

      - +

      @@ -3752,7 +3798,7 @@ Symbols are constructed through the following constructor:

      cl_symbol (const cl_string& s)
      - + Looks up or creates a new symbol with a given name. @@ -3769,21 +3815,21 @@ Conversion to cl_string: Returns the string which names the symbol
      bool equal (const cl_symbol& sym1, const cl_symbol& sym2)
      - + Compares two symbols for equality. This is very fast. -

      9. Univariate polynomials

      +

      9. Univariate polynomials

      - - + + -

      9.1 Univariate polynomial rings

      +

      9.1 Univariate polynomial rings

      CLN implements univariate polynomials (polynomials in one variable) over an @@ -3891,7 +3937,7 @@ return the same polynomial ring.

      cl_univpoly_complex_ring cl_find_univpoly_ring (const cl_complex_ring& R)
      - +
      cl_univpoly_complex_ring cl_find_univpoly_ring (const cl_complex_ring& R, const cl_symbol& varname)
      cl_univpoly_real_ring cl_find_univpoly_ring (const cl_real_ring& R) @@ -3916,7 +3962,7 @@ only the return type is more specific, according to the base ring's type. -

      9.2 Functions on univariate polynomials

      +

      9.2 Functions on univariate polynomials

      Given a univariate polynomial ring R, the following members can be used. @@ -3926,33 +3972,33 @@ Given a univariate polynomial ring R, the following members can be

      cl_ring R->basering()
      - + This returns the base ring, as passed to `cl_find_univpoly_ring'.
      cl_UP R->zero()
      - + This returns 0 in R, a polynomial of degree -1.
      cl_UP R->one()
      - + This returns 1 in R, a polynomial of degree <= 0.
      cl_UP R->canonhom (const cl_I& x)
      - + This returns x in R, a polynomial of degree <= 0.
      cl_UP R->monomial (const cl_ring_element& x, uintL e)
      - + This returns a sparse polynomial: x * X^e, where X is the indeterminate.
      cl_UP R->create (sintL degree)
      - + Creates a new polynomial with a given degree. The zero polynomial has degree -1. After creating the polynomial, you should put in the coefficients, using the set_coeff member function, and then call the finalize @@ -3967,14 +4013,14 @@ The following are the only destructive operations on univariate polynomials.
      void set_coeff (cl_UP& x, uintL index, const cl_ring_element& y)
      - + This changes the coefficient of X^index in x to be y. After changing a polynomial and before applying any "normal" operation on it, you should call its finalize member function.
      void finalize (cl_UP& x)
      - + This function marks the endpoint of destructive modifications of a polynomial. It normalizes the internal representation so that subsequent computations have less overhead. Doing normal computations on unnormalized polynomials may @@ -3989,17 +4035,17 @@ The following operations are defined on univariate polynomials.
      cl_univpoly_ring x.ring ()
      - + Returns the ring to which the univariate polynomial x belongs.
      cl_UP operator+ (const cl_UP&, const cl_UP&)
      - + Returns the sum of two univariate polynomials.
      cl_UP operator- (const cl_UP&, const cl_UP&)
      - + Returns the difference of two univariate polynomials.
      cl_UP operator- (const cl_UP&) @@ -4008,54 +4054,54 @@ Returns the negative of a univariate polynomial.
      cl_UP operator* (const cl_UP&, const cl_UP&)
      - + Returns the product of two univariate polynomials. One of the arguments may also be a plain integer or an element of the base ring.
      cl_UP square (const cl_UP&)
      - + Returns the square of a univariate polynomial.
      cl_UP expt_pos (const cl_UP& x, const cl_I& y)
      - + y must be > 0. Returns x^y.
      bool operator== (const cl_UP&, const cl_UP&)
      - +
      bool operator!= (const cl_UP&, const cl_UP&)
      - + Compares two univariate polynomials, belonging to the same univariate polynomial ring, for equality.
      cl_boolean zerop (const cl_UP& x)
      - + Returns true if x is 0 in R.
      sintL degree (const cl_UP& x)
      - + Returns the degree of the polynomial. The zero polynomial has degree -1.
      cl_ring_element coeff (const cl_UP& x, uintL index)
      - + Returns the coefficient of X^index in the polynomial x.
      cl_ring_element x (const cl_ring_element& y)
      - + Evaluation: If x is a polynomial and y belongs to the base ring, then `x(y)' returns the value of the substitution of y into x.
      cl_UP deriv (const cl_UP& x)
      - + Returns the derivative of the polynomial x with respect to the indeterminate X. @@ -4069,10 +4115,10 @@ input/output).
      void fprint (cl_ostream stream, const cl_UP& x)
      - +
      cl_ostream operator<< (cl_ostream stream, const cl_UP& x)
      - + Prints the univariate polynomial x on the stream. The output may depend on the global printer settings in the variable cl_default_print_flags. @@ -4080,7 +4126,7 @@ depend on the global printer settings in the variable -

      9.3 Special polynomials

      +

      9.3 Special polynomials

      The following functions return special polynomials. @@ -4090,26 +4136,26 @@ The following functions return special polynomials.

      cl_UP_I cl_tschebychev (sintL n)
      - - + + Returns the n-th Tchebychev polynomial (n >= 0).
      cl_UP_I cl_hermite (sintL n)
      - - + + Returns the n-th Hermite polynomial (n >= 0).
      cl_UP_RA cl_legendre (sintL n)
      - - + + Returns the n-th Legendre polynomial (n >= 0).
      cl_UP_I cl_laguerre (sintL n)
      - - + + Returns the n-th Laguerre polynomial (n >= 0). @@ -4121,13 +4167,13 @@ of these polynomials from their definition can be found in the -

      10. Internals

      +

      10. Internals

      -

      10.1 Why C++ ?

      +

      10.1 Why C++ ?

      - +

      @@ -4142,7 +4188,7 @@ Efficiency: It compiles to machine code.

    • - + Portability: It runs on all platforms supporting a C++ compiler. Because of the availability of GNU C++, this includes all currently used 32-bit and 64-bit platforms, independently of the quality of the vendor's C++ compiler. @@ -4174,7 +4220,7 @@ in a high-level language. -

      10.2 Memory efficiency

      +

      10.2 Memory efficiency

      In order to save memory allocations, CLN implements: @@ -4188,8 +4234,8 @@ Object sharing: An operation like x+0 returns x withou it.

    • - - + + Garbage collection: A reference counting mechanism makes sure that any number object's storage is freed immediately when the last reference to the object is gone. @@ -4203,7 +4249,7 @@ on the heap. -

      10.3 Speed efficiency

      +

      10.3 Speed efficiency

      Speed efficiency is obtained by the combination of the following tricks @@ -4234,9 +4280,9 @@ algorithm. For very large numbers (more than 12000 decimal digits), CLN uses Schönhage-Strassen - -multiplication, which is an asymptotically -optimal multiplication algorithm. + +multiplication, which is an asymptotically optimal multiplication +algorithm.

    • These fast multiplication algorithms also give improvements in the speed @@ -4245,9 +4291,9 @@ of division and radix conversion. -

      10.4 Garbage collection

      +

      10.4 Garbage collection

      - +

      @@ -4271,7 +4317,7 @@ cached, whereas undue memory consumption through cached rings is avoided. -

      11. Using the library

      +

      11. Using the library

      For the following discussion, we will assume that you have installed @@ -4283,9 +4329,9 @@ environment variables, or directly substitute the appropriate values. -

      11.1 Compiler options

      +

      11.1 Compiler options

      - +

      @@ -4322,10 +4368,10 @@ linking a CLN application it is sufficient to give the flag -lcln. -

      11.2 Include files

      +

      11.2 Include files

      - - + +

      @@ -4518,11 +4564,11 @@ Includes all of the above. -

      11.3 An Example

      +

      11.3 An Example

      A function which computes the nth Fibonacci number can be written as follows. - + @@ -4606,9 +4652,9 @@ contains this implementation together with an even faster algorithm. -

      11.4 Debugging support

      +

      11.4 Debugging support

      - +

      @@ -4642,7 +4688,7 @@ CLN offers a function cl_print, callable from the debugger, for printing number objects. In order to get this function, you have to define the macro `CL_DEBUG' and then include all the header files for which you want cl_print debugging support. For example: - + 

       #define CL_DEBUG
@@ -4669,7 +4715,7 @@ only with number objects and similar. Therefore CLN offers a member function
 debug_print() on all CLN types. The same macro `CL_DEBUG'
 is needed for this member function to be implemented. Under gdb,
 you call it like this:
-
+
 
 
       (gdb) print s
@@ -4689,14 +4735,14 @@ Unfortunately, this feature does not seem to work under all circumstances.
 
 
 
-
      12. Customizing
      
+
      12. Customizing
      
 
      
-
+
 
 
 
 
-
      12.1 Error handling
      
+
      12.1 Error handling
      
 
 
      
 When a fatal error occurs, an error message is output to the standard error
@@ -4711,15 +4757,15 @@ void cl_abort (void);
 
      
 
 
      
-
+
 This function must not return control to its caller.
 
 
 
 
-
      12.2 Floating-point underflow
      
+
      12.2 Floating-point underflow
      
 
      
-
+
 
 
 
      
@@ -4740,17 +4786,17 @@ will be generated instead.  The default value of
 
 
 
-
      12.3 Customizing I/O
      
+
      12.3 Customizing I/O
      
 
 
      
 The output of the function fprint may be customized by changing the
 value of the global variable cl_default_print_flags.
-
+
 
 
 
 
-
      12.4 Customizing the memory allocator
      
+
      12.4 Customizing the memory allocator
      
 
 
      
 Every memory allocation of CLN is done through the function pointer
@@ -4769,8 +4815,8 @@ void (*cl_free_hook) (void* ptr)      = ...;

      - - + + The cl_malloc_hook function must not return a NULL pointer. @@ -4782,7 +4828,7 @@ global variables. -

      Index

      +

      Index

      Jump to: @@ -4790,7 +4836,7 @@ Jump to:

      -This document was generated on 4 May 2000 using +This document was generated on 5 May 2000 using texi2html 1.56k. diff --git a/doc/cln.info b/doc/cln.info index 2adcbc2..0729cfe 100644 --- a/doc/cln.info +++ b/doc/cln.info @@ -1,5 +1,4 @@ -This is Info file cln.info, produced by Makeinfo version 1.68 from the -input file cln.texi. +This is cln.info, produced by makeinfo version 4.0 from cln.texi. This file documents CLN, a Class Library for Numbers. @@ -41,7 +40,8 @@ File: cln.info, Node: Top, Next: Introduction, Prev: (dir), Up: (dir) * Customizing:: * Index:: - -- The Detailed Node Listing -- + + --- The Detailed Node Listing --- Installation @@ -56,6 +56,10 @@ Prerequisites * Make utility:: * Sed utility:: +Building the library + +* Using the GNU MP Library:: + Ordinary number types * Exact numbers:: @@ -384,6 +388,30 @@ If you use `g++' version egcs-2.91.x (egcs-1.1) on Sparc, you cannot use `--enable-shared' because `g++' would miscompile parts of the library. +* Menu: + +* Using the GNU MP Library:: + + +File: cln.info, Node: Using the GNU MP Library, Prev: Building the library, Up: Building the library + +Using the GNU MP Library +------------------------ + +Starting with version 1.0.4, CLN may be configured to make use of a +preinstalled `gmp' library. Please make sure that you have at least +`gmp' version 3.0 installed since earlier versions are unsupported and +likely not to work. Enabling this feature by calling `configure' with +the option `--with-gmp' is known to be quite a boost for CLN's +performance. + +If you have installed the `gmp' library and its header file in some +place where your compiler cannot find it by default, you must help +`configure' by setting `CPPFLAGS' and `LDFLAGS'. Here is an example: + + $ CC="gcc" CFLAGS="-O2" CXX="g++" CXXFLAGS="-O2 -fno-exceptions" \ + CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/gmp/include" LDFLAGS="-L/opt/gmp/lib" ./configure --with-gmp +  File: cln.info, Node: Installing the library, Next: Cleaning up, Prev: Building the library, Up: Installation @@ -812,7 +840,7 @@ Each of the classes `cl_N', `cl_R', `cl_RA', `cl_F', `cl_SF', `cl_FF', The class `cl_I' doesn't define a `/' operation because in the C/C++ language this operator, applied to integral types, denotes the `floor' or `truncate' operation (which one of these, is implementation -dependent). (*Note Rounding functions::) Instead, `cl_I' defines an +dependent). (*Note Rounding functions::.) Instead, `cl_I' defines an "exact quotient" function: `cl_I exquo (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)' @@ -2002,7 +2030,8 @@ with the macro CL_IO_STDIO being defined, `cl_istream' is the same as `istream&'. The variable - `cl_istream cl_stdin' contains the standard input stream. + `cl_istream cl_stdin' +contains the standard input stream. These are the simple input functions: @@ -2102,10 +2131,12 @@ CLN with the macro CL_IO_STDIO being defined, `cl_ostream' is the same as `ostream&'. The variable - `cl_ostream cl_stdout' contains the standard output stream. + `cl_ostream cl_stdout' +contains the standard output stream. The variable - `cl_ostream cl_stderr' contains the standard error output stream. + `cl_ostream cl_stderr' +contains the standard error output stream. These are the simple output functions: @@ -3282,7 +3313,7 @@ Index * acosh (): Hyperbolic functions. * advocacy: Why C++ ?. * Archimedes' constant: Trigonometric functions. -* As() (): Conversions. +* As()(): Conversions. * ash (): Logical functions. * asin: Trigonometric functions. * asin (): Trigonometric functions. @@ -3332,17 +3363,21 @@ Index * cl_default_print_flags: Customizing I/O. * cl_default_random_state: Random number generators. * cl_DF: Floating-point numbers. +* cl_DF_fdiv_t: Rounding functions. * cl_double_approx (): Conversions. * cl_equal_hashcode (): Comparisons. * cl_eulerconst (): Euler gamma. * cl_F <1>: Floating-point numbers. * cl_F: Ordinary number types. +* cl_F_fdiv_t: Rounding functions. * cl_FF: Floating-point numbers. +* cl_FF_fdiv_t: Rounding functions. * cl_find_modint_ring (): Modular integer rings. * cl_find_univpoly_ring (): Univariate polynomial rings. -* cl_float: Conversion to floating-point numbers. +* cl_float (): Conversion to floating-point numbers. * cl_float_approx (): Conversions. * cl_float_format (): Conversion to floating-point numbers. +* cl_float_format_t: Conversion to floating-point numbers. * cl_free_hook (): Customizing the memory allocator. * cl_hermite (): Special polynomials. * cl_I_to_int (): Conversions. @@ -3353,13 +3388,18 @@ Index * cl_laguerre (): Special polynomials. * cl_legendre (): Special polynomials. * cl_LF: Floating-point numbers. +* cl_LF_fdiv_t: Rounding functions. * cl_malloc_hook (): Customizing the memory allocator. +* cl_modint_ring: Modular integer rings. * cl_N: Ordinary number types. * cl_number: Ordinary number types. -* cl_pi: Trigonometric functions. +* cl_pi (): Trigonometric functions. * cl_R: Ordinary number types. +* cl_R_fdiv_t: Rounding functions. * cl_RA: Ordinary number types. +* cl_random_state: Random number generators. * cl_SF: Floating-point numbers. +* cl_SF_fdiv_t: Rounding functions. * cl_string (): Strings. * cl_symbol (): Symbols. * cl_tschebychev (): Special polynomials. @@ -3389,7 +3429,6 @@ Index * dpb (): Logical functions. * equal () <1>: Symbols. * equal (): Strings. -* etract (): Functions on modular integers. * Euler's constant: Euler gamma. * evenp (): Logical functions. * exact number: Exact numbers. @@ -3428,6 +3467,7 @@ Index * garbage collection <1>: Garbage collection. * garbage collection: Memory efficiency. * gcd (): Number theoretic functions. +* GMP <1>: Using the GNU MP Library. * GMP: Introduction. * header files: Include files. * Hermite polynomial: Special polynomials. @@ -3464,7 +3504,7 @@ Index * logp (): Number theoretic functions. * logtest (): Logical functions. * logxor (): Logical functions. -* make: C++ compiler. +* make: Make utility. * mask_field (): Logical functions. * max (): Comparisons. * min (): Comparisons. @@ -3551,10 +3591,11 @@ Index * reference counting: Memory efficiency. * rem (): Rounding functions. * representation: Internal and printed representation. +* retract (): Functions on modular integers. * Riemann's zeta: Riemann zeta. * ring: Modular integer rings. -* ring (): Functions on univariate polynomials. -* ring(): Functions on modular integers. +* ring () <1>: Functions on univariate polynomials. +* ring (): Functions on modular integers. * rootp (): Roots. * round1 (): Rounding functions. * round2 (): Rounding functions. @@ -3562,9 +3603,9 @@ Index * rounding error: Floating-point numbers. * Rubik's cube: Conversions. * scale_float (): Functions on floating-point numbers. -* Schönhage-Strassen: Speed efficiency. +* Schönhage-Strassen multiplication <1>: Speed efficiency. * Schönhage-Strassen multiplication: Introduction. -* sed: Make utility. +* sed: Sed utility. * set_coeff (): Functions on univariate polynomials. * signum (): Elementary functions. * sin (): Trigonometric functions. @@ -3580,7 +3621,7 @@ Index * symbolic type: Symbolic data types. * tan (): Trigonometric functions. * tanh (): Hyperbolic functions. -* The() (): Conversions. +* The()(): Conversions. * transcendental functions: Transcendental functions. * truncate1 (): Rounding functions. * truncate2 (): Rounding functions. @@ -3598,79 +3639,80 @@ Index  Tag Table: -Node: Top957 -Node: Introduction3124 -Node: Installation5646 -Node: Prerequisites5940 -Node: C++ compiler6138 -Node: Make utility6853 -Node: Sed utility7039 -Node: Building the library7359 -Node: Installing the library10541 -Node: Cleaning up11264 -Node: Ordinary number types11589 -Node: Exact numbers13936 -Node: Floating-point numbers15101 -Node: Complex numbers18680 -Node: Conversions19177 -Node: Functions on numbers22643 -Node: Constructing numbers23346 -Node: Constructing integers23718 -Node: Constructing rational numbers24008 -Node: Constructing floating-point numbers24483 -Node: Constructing complex numbers25603 -Node: Elementary functions25967 -Node: Elementary rational functions28434 -Node: Elementary complex functions29006 -Node: Comparisons29834 -Node: Rounding functions31733 -Node: Roots37510 -Node: Transcendental functions39391 -Node: Exponential and logarithmic functions39947 -Node: Trigonometric functions41964 -Node: Hyperbolic functions45315 -Node: Euler gamma47388 -Node: Riemann zeta48304 -Node: Functions on integers48860 -Node: Logical functions49148 -Node: Number theoretic functions55101 -Node: Combinatorial functions56468 -Node: Functions on floating-point numbers57146 -Node: Conversion functions60377 -Node: Conversion to floating-point numbers60657 -Node: Conversion to rational numbers62880 -Node: Random number generators63934 -Node: Obfuscating operators65608 -Node: Input/Output67338 -Node: Internal and printed representation67548 -Node: Input functions70090 -Node: Output functions74641 -Node: Rings78377 -Node: Modular integers80301 -Node: Modular integer rings80501 -Node: Functions on modular integers82591 -Node: Symbolic data types85601 -Node: Strings85864 -Node: Symbols86929 -Node: Univariate polynomials87831 -Node: Univariate polynomial rings88089 -Node: Functions on univariate polynomials93043 -Node: Special polynomials96824 -Node: Internals97544 -Node: Why C++ ?97758 -Node: Memory efficiency99258 -Node: Speed efficiency99956 -Node: Garbage collection101040 -Node: Using the library101867 -Node: Compiler options102401 -Node: Include files103319 -Node: An Example106960 -Node: Debugging support110110 -Node: Customizing112460 -Node: Error handling112688 -Node: Floating-point underflow113262 -Node: Customizing I/O113901 -Node: Customizing the memory allocator114194 -Node: Index115151 +Node: Top931 +Node: Introduction3153 +Node: Installation5675 +Node: Prerequisites5969 +Node: C++ compiler6167 +Node: Make utility6882 +Node: Sed utility7068 +Node: Building the library7388 +Node: Using the GNU MP Library10609 +Node: Installing the library11487 +Node: Cleaning up12210 +Node: Ordinary number types12535 +Node: Exact numbers14882 +Node: Floating-point numbers16047 +Node: Complex numbers19626 +Node: Conversions20123 +Node: Functions on numbers23589 +Node: Constructing numbers24292 +Node: Constructing integers24664 +Node: Constructing rational numbers24954 +Node: Constructing floating-point numbers25429 +Node: Constructing complex numbers26549 +Node: Elementary functions26913 +Node: Elementary rational functions29382 +Node: Elementary complex functions29954 +Node: Comparisons30782 +Node: Rounding functions32681 +Node: Roots38458 +Node: Transcendental functions40339 +Node: Exponential and logarithmic functions40895 +Node: Trigonometric functions42912 +Node: Hyperbolic functions46263 +Node: Euler gamma48336 +Node: Riemann zeta49252 +Node: Functions on integers49808 +Node: Logical functions50096 +Node: Number theoretic functions56049 +Node: Combinatorial functions57416 +Node: Functions on floating-point numbers58094 +Node: Conversion functions61325 +Node: Conversion to floating-point numbers61605 +Node: Conversion to rational numbers63828 +Node: Random number generators64882 +Node: Obfuscating operators66556 +Node: Input/Output68286 +Node: Internal and printed representation68496 +Node: Input functions71038 +Node: Output functions75589 +Node: Rings79325 +Node: Modular integers81249 +Node: Modular integer rings81449 +Node: Functions on modular integers83539 +Node: Symbolic data types86549 +Node: Strings86812 +Node: Symbols87877 +Node: Univariate polynomials88779 +Node: Univariate polynomial rings89037 +Node: Functions on univariate polynomials93991 +Node: Special polynomials97772 +Node: Internals98492 +Node: Why C++ ?98706 +Node: Memory efficiency100206 +Node: Speed efficiency100904 +Node: Garbage collection101988 +Node: Using the library102815 +Node: Compiler options103349 +Node: Include files104267 +Node: An Example107908 +Node: Debugging support111058 +Node: Customizing113408 +Node: Error handling113636 +Node: Floating-point underflow114210 +Node: Customizing I/O114849 +Node: Customizing the memory allocator115142 +Node: Index116099  End Tag Table diff --git a/doc/cln.ps b/doc/cln.ps index 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Fl(t)m(yp)s(e)36 +b Fp(rem)29 b(\(const)g Fl(t)m(yp)s(e)5 b Fp(&)30 b(x,)g(const)f +Fl(t)m(yp)s(e)5 b Fp(&)30 b(y\))-30 2229 y Fs(4.7)68 +b(Ro)t(ots)-30 2418 y Fr(Eac)m(h)31 b(of)g(the)f(classes)i +Fp(cl_R)p Fr(,)d Fp(cl_F)p Fr(,)g Fp(cl_SF)p Fr(,)h Fp(cl_FF)p Fr(,)f Fp(cl_DF)p Fr(,)g Fp(cl_LF)g Fr(de\014nes)g(the)i(follo)m(wing)h -(op)s(eration:)0 1476 y Fk(t)m(yp)s(e)k Fp(sqrt)29 b(\(const)g -Fk(t)m(yp)s(e)5 b Fp(&)30 b(x\))480 1601 y(x)35 b Fr(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g -Fp(>)p Fr(=)h(0.)55 b(This)35 b(function)g(returns)e(the)j(square)f(ro) -s(ot)g(of)g Fp(x)p Fr(,)i(normalized)d(to)i(b)s(e)f Fp(>)p -Fr(=)f(0.)480 1725 y(If)c Fp(x)h Fr(is)g(the)g(square)f(of)h(a)g -(rational)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)d Fp(sqrt\(x\))g Fr(will)i(b)s(e)f(a)i -(rational)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(er,)d(else)i(it)h(will)480 1850 -y(return)d(a)i(\015oating-p)s(oin)m(t)h(appro)m(ximation.)0 -2146 y(The)e(classes)h Fp(cl_RA)p Fr(,)e Fp(cl_I)h Fr(de\014ne)f(the)i -(follo)m(wing)h(op)s(eration:)0 2442 y Fp(cl_boolean)c(sqrtp)h(\(const) 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Fr(is)g(the)g(square)f(of)h(a)g(rational)h(n) +m(um)m(b)s(er,)d Fp(sqrt\(x\))g Fr(will)i(b)s(e)f(a)h(rational)h(n)m +(um)m(b)s(er,)d(else)j(it)f(will)g(return)450 2899 y(a)j(\015oating-p)s +(oin)m(t)g(appro)m(ximation.)-30 3051 y(The)f(classes)h +Fp(cl_RA)p Fr(,)e Fp(cl_I)h Fr(de\014ne)f(the)i(follo)m(wing)h(op)s +(eration:)-30 3203 y Fp(cl_boolean)c(sqrtp)h(\(const)f +Fl(t)m(yp)s(e)5 b Fp(&)31 b(x,)e Fl(t)m(yp)s(e)5 b Fp(*)31 +b(root\))450 3313 y Fr(This)e(tests)i(whether)e Fp(x)g +Fr(is)h(a)h(p)s(erfect)e(square.)41 b(If)29 b(so,)i(it)f(returns)f +(true)g(and)h(the)g(exact)h(square)f(ro)s(ot)450 3423 +y(in)g Fp(*root)p Fr(,)f(else)i(it)g(returns)f(false.)-30 +3575 y(F)-8 b(urthermore,)30 b(for)g(in)m(tegers,)i(similarly:)-30 +3727 y Fp(cl_boolean)c(isqrt)h(\(const)f Fl(t)m(yp)s(e)5 +b Fp(&)31 b(x,)e Fl(t)m(yp)s(e)5 b Fp(*)31 b(root\))450 +3837 y(x)j Fr(should)g(b)s(e)f Fp(>)p Fr(=)h(0.)53 b(This)34 +b(function)g(sets)h Fp(*root)e Fr(to)i Fp(floor\(sqrt\(x\)\))c +Fr(and)j(returns)f(the)i(same)450 3946 y(v)-5 b(alue)31 b(as)f Fp(sqrtp)p Fr(:)40 b(the)30 b(b)s(o)s(olean)h(v)-5 -b(alue)31 b Fp(\(expt\(*root,2\))26 b(==)k(x\))p Fr(.)0 -3829 y(F)-8 b(or)31 b Fp(n)p Fr(th)f(ro)s(ots,)h(the)f(classes)i +b(alue)31 b Fp(\(expt\(*root,2\))26 b(==)k(x\))p Fr(.)-30 +4098 y(F)-8 b(or)31 b Fp(n)p Fr(th)f(ro)s(ots,)h(the)f(classes)i Fp(cl_RA)p Fr(,)d Fp(cl_I)g Fr(de\014ne)h(the)g(follo)m(wing)i(op)s -(eration:)0 4125 y Fp(cl_boolean)c(rootp)h(\(const)f -Fk(t)m(yp)s(e)5 b Fp(&)31 b(x,)e(const)g(cl_I&)g(n,)h -Fk(t)m(yp)s(e)5 b Fp(*)30 b(root\))480 4250 y(x)36 b -Fr(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g Fp(>)p Fr(=)g(0.)58 b Fp(n)36 b -Fr(m)m(ust)f(b)s(e)g Fp(>)h Fr(0.)58 b(This)35 b(tests)i(whether)e -Fp(x)h Fr(is)g(an)g Fp(n)p Fr(th)f(p)s(o)m(w)m(er)h(of)g(a)h(rational) -480 4374 y(n)m(um)m(b)s(er.)h(If)30 b(so,)h(it)g(returns)e(true)h(and)g +(eration:)-30 4251 y Fp(cl_boolean)c(rootp)h(\(const)f +Fl(t)m(yp)s(e)5 b Fp(&)31 b(x,)e(const)g(cl_I&)g(n,)h +Fl(t)m(yp)s(e)5 b Fp(*)30 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-b(=)i(-arsinh\(z\))p Fr(.)37 b(The)27 b(range)h(of)g(the)g(result)g(is) -g(the)g(strip)f(in)h(the)g(complex)f(domain)480 2016 -y Fp(-pi/2)i(<=)h(imagpart\(arsinh\(z\)\))25 b(<=)30 -b(pi/2)p Fr(,)39 b(excluding)f(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)c(with)j -Fp(imagpart)28 b(=)i(-)480 2141 y(pi/2)f Fr(and)h Fp(realpart)e(>)i(0)g -Fr(and)g(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)e(with)i Fp(imagpart)f(=)h(pi/2)f -Fr(and)h Fp(realpart)e(<)i(0)p Fr(.)0 2317 y Fp(cl_N)f(acosh)g(\(const) -g(cl_N&)g(z\))480 2442 y Fr(Returns)d Fp(arcosh\(z\))p -Fr(.)37 b(This)26 b(is)h(de\014ned)f(as)h Fp(arcosh\(z\))h(=)i -(2*log\(sqrt\(\(z+1\)/2\)+sqr)o(t\(\(z)o(-)480 2566 y(1\)/2\)\))p -Fr(.)102 b(The)51 b(range)h(of)g(the)g(result)f(is)g(the)h(half-strip)f -(in)h(the)f(complex)g(domain)g Fp(-pi)29 b(<)480 2691 -y(imagpart\(arcosh\(z\)\))c(<=)30 b(pi,)f(realpart\(arcosh\(z\)\))c(>=) -30 b(0)p Fr(,)76 b(excluding)67 b(the)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)480 -2815 y(with)30 b Fp(realpart)e(=)i(0)g Fr(and)g Fp(-pi)g(<)g(imagpart)e -(<)i(0)p Fr(.)0 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+(sin\(x\)/cos\(x\))p Fr(.)-30 1943 y Fp(cl_N)f(cis)h(\(const)e(cl_R&)h +(x\))-30 2052 y(cl_N)g(cis)h(\(const)e(cl_N&)h(x\))450 +2162 y Fr(Returns)35 b Fp(exp\(i*x\))p Fr(.)54 b(The)35 +b(name)f(`)p Fp(cis)p Fr(')h(means)g(\\cos)i Fp(+)e Fr(i)h(sin",)h(b)s +(ecause)e Fp(e^\(i*x\))29 b(=)h(cos\(x\))e(+)450 2271 +y(i*sin\(x\))p Fr(.)-30 2425 y Fp(cl_N)h(asin)g(\(const)g(cl_N&)g(z\)) +450 2534 y Fr(Returns)j Fp(arcsin\(z\))p Fr(.)44 b(This)32 +b(is)h(de\014ned)e(as)i Fp(arcsin\(z\))27 b(=)j +(log\(iz+sqrt\(1-z^2\)\)/i)d Fr(and)32 b(sat-)450 2644 +y(is\014es)d Fp(arcsin\(-z\))e(=)j(-arcsin\(z\))p Fr(.)37 +b(The)29 b(range)g(of)g(the)g(result)f(is)h(the)g(strip)f(in)g(the)h +(complex)g(do-)450 2754 y(main)34 b Fp(-pi/2)29 b(<=)h +(realpart\(arcsin\(z\)\))25 b(<=)30 b(pi/2)p Fr(,)35 +b(excluding)g(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)c(with)j Fp(realpart)450 +2863 y(=)30 b(-pi/2)f Fr(and)h Fp(imagpart)e(<)i(0)g +Fr(and)g(the)g(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)e(with)i Fp(realpart)e(=)i(pi/2)g +Fr(and)f 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Fp(boole_nor)p +Fr(,)h Fp(boole_andc1)p Fr(,)f Fp(boole_andc2)p Fr(,)g +Fp(boole_orc1)p Fr(,)-30 3890 y Fp(boole_orc2)p Fr(.)-30 +4023 y(Other)30 b(functions)g(that)h(view)f(in)m(tegers)i(as)f(bit)f +(strings:)-30 4178 y Fp(cl_boolean)e(logtest)g(\(const)h(cl_I&)g(x,)g +(const)g(cl_I&)g(y\))450 4287 y Fr(Returns)g(true)i(if)f(some)g(bit)g +(is)h(set)f(in)h(b)s(oth)e Fp(x)h Fr(and)g Fp(y)p Fr(,)g(i.e.)42 +b(if)30 b Fp(logand\(x,y\))d(!=)j(0)p Fr(.)-30 4442 y +Fp(cl_boolean)e(logbitp)g(\(const)h(cl_I&)g(n,)g(const)g(cl_I&)g(x\)) +450 4552 y Fr(Returns)g(true)i(if)f(the)h Fp(n)p Fr(th)e(bit)i(\(from)e +(the)i(righ)m(t\))g(of)f Fp(x)h Fr(is)f(set.)41 b(Bit)32 +b(0)e(is)h(the)f(least)i(signi\014can)m(t)f(bit.)-30 +4707 y Fp(uintL)e(logcount)f(\(const)h(cl_I&)g(x\))450 +4816 y Fr(Returns)g(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(of)j(one)h(bits)e(in)h +Fp(x)p Fr(,)g(if)f Fp(x)h(>)p Fr(=)f(0,)i(or)e(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e +(of)i(zero)h(bits)e(in)h Fp(x)p Fr(,)g(if)f Fp(x)h(<)f +Fr(0.)-30 4972 y(The)h(follo)m(wing)i(functions)e(op)s(erate)h(on)f(in) +m(terv)-5 b(als)31 b(of)g(bits)f(in)g(in)m(tegers.)42 +b(The)30 b(t)m(yp)s(e)210 5098 y Fp(struct)46 b(cl_byte)g({)h(uintL)g +(size;)f(uintL)g(position;)g(};)-30 5230 y Fr(represen)m(ts)41 +b(the)h(bit)f(in)m(terv)-5 b(al)43 b(con)m(taining)g(the)e(bits)g +Fp(position)6 b Fr(.)20 b(.)i(.)12 b Fp(position+size-1)37 +b Fr(of)k(an)g(in)m(teger.)75 b(The)-30 5340 y(constructor)31 b Fp(cl_byte\(size,position\))24 b Fr(constructs)31 b(a)f -Fp(cl_byte)p Fr(.)0 2366 y Fp(cl_I)f(ldb)h(\(const)e(cl_I&)h(n,)h -(const)f(cl_byte&)f(b\))480 2490 y Fr(extracts)g(the)f(bits)f(of)h -Fp(n)f Fr(describ)s(ed)g(b)m(y)g(the)h(bit)g(in)m(terv)-5 -b(al)27 b Fp(b)g Fr(and)f(returns)f(them)g(as)i(a)g(nonnegativ)m(e)480 -2615 y(in)m(teger)32 b(with)e Fp(b.size)e Fr(bits.)0 -2794 y Fp(cl_boolean)g(ldb_test)g(\(const)g(cl_I&)h(n,)h(const)f -(cl_byte&)f(b\))480 2919 y Fr(Returns)h(true)i(if)f(some)g(bit)g -(describ)s(ed)f(b)m(y)i(the)f(bit)h(in)m(terv)-5 b(al)31 -b Fp(b)f Fr(is)h(set)g(in)f Fp(n)p Fr(.)0 3099 y Fp(cl_I)f(dpb)h -(\(const)e(cl_I&)h(newbyte,)f(const)h(cl_I&)g(n,)h(const)f(cl_byte&)f -(b\))480 3223 y Fr(Returns)f Fp(n)p Fr(,)h(with)f(the)h(bits)g(describ) -s(ed)e(b)m(y)i(the)f(bit)h(in)m(terv)-5 b(al)29 b Fp(b)e -Fr(replaced)h(b)m(y)g Fp(newbyte)p Fr(.)38 b(Only)27 -b(the)480 3348 y(lo)m(w)m(est)32 b Fp(b.size)d Fr(bits)h(of)h -Fp(newbyte)d Fr(are)j(relev)-5 b(an)m(t.)0 3652 y(The)28 -b(functions)h Fp(ldb)f Fr(and)g Fp(dpb)g Fr(implicitly)h(shift.)40 -b(The)29 b(follo)m(wing)h(functions)e(are)i(their)f(coun)m(terparts)g -(without)0 3777 y(shifting:)0 4081 y Fp(cl_I)g(mask_field)f(\(const)g -(cl_I&)h(n,)h(const)f(cl_byte&)f(b\))480 4206 y Fr(returns)j(an)g(in)m -(teger)j(with)d(the)h(bits)g(describ)s(ed)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(bit)g(in)m -(terv)-5 b(al)33 b Fp(b)e Fr(copied)i(from)d(the)i(corre-)480 -4330 y(sp)s(onding)d(bits)h(in)g Fp(n)p Fr(,)g(the)h(other)g(bits)f -(zero.)0 4510 y Fp(cl_I)f(deposit_field)e(\(const)i(cl_I&)g(newbyte,)f -(const)h(cl_I&)g(n,)g(const)g(cl_byte&)f(b\))480 4634 -y Fr(returns)34 b(an)h(in)m(teger)i(where)d(the)i(bits)f(describ)s(ed)f -(b)m(y)h(the)h(bit)f(in)m(terv)-5 b(al)36 b Fp(b)f Fr(come)g(from)f -Fp(newbyte)480 4759 y Fr(and)c(the)g(other)h(bits)f(come)h(from)d -Fp(n)p Fr(.)0 5063 y(The)i(follo)m(wing)i(relations)f(hold:)180 -5340 y Fp(ldb)e(\(n,)h(b\))g(=)g(mask_field\(n,)d(b\))i(>>)h -(b.position)p Fr(,)p eop -%%Page: 29 31 -29 30 bop 0 -116 a Fr(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 b(F)-8 b(unctions)31 -b(on)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)2463 b(29)180 366 y Fp(dpb)29 -b(\(newbyte,)f(n,)i(b\))g(=)g(deposit_field)d(\(newbyte)h(<<)h -(b.position,)f(n,)i(b\))p Fr(,)180 522 y Fp(deposit_field\(newbyte,n,)o -(b\))24 b(=)30 b(n)g(^)g(mask_field\(n,b\))c(^)31 b -(mask_field\(new_byte,b\))p Fr(.)0 832 y(The)36 b(follo)m(wing)i(op)s -(erations)f(on)g(in)m(tegers)h(as)f(bit)f(strings)h(are)g(e\016cien)m -(t)h(shortcuts)e(for)h(common)e(arithmetic)0 957 y(op)s(erations:)0 -1267 y Fp(cl_boolean)28 b(oddp)h(\(const)f(cl_I&)h(x\))480 -1392 y Fr(Returns)g(true)i(if)f(the)h(least)g(signi\014can)m(t)g(bit)g +Fp(cl_byte)p Fr(.)p eop +%%Page: 22 24 +22 23 bop -30 -116 a Fr(Chapter)30 b(4:)41 b(F)-8 b(unctions)31 +b(on)f(n)m(um)m(b)s(ers)2523 b(22)-30 299 y Fp(cl_I)29 +b(ldb)h(\(const)e(cl_I&)h(n,)h(const)f(cl_byte&)f(b\))450 +408 y Fr(extracts)k(the)e(bits)g(of)h Fp(n)f Fr(describ)s(ed)f(b)m(y)h +(the)h(bit)f(in)m(terv)-5 b(al)32 b Fp(b)e Fr(and)g(returns)f(them)g +(as)i(a)f(nonnegativ)m(e)450 518 y(in)m(teger)i(with)e +Fp(b.size)e Fr(bits.)-30 670 y Fp(cl_boolean)g(ldb_test)g(\(const)g +(cl_I&)h(n,)h(const)f(cl_byte&)f(b\))450 780 y Fr(Returns)h(true)i(if)f +(some)g(bit)g(describ)s(ed)f(b)m(y)i(the)f(bit)h(in)m(terv)-5 +b(al)31 b Fp(b)f Fr(is)h(set)g(in)f Fp(n)p Fr(.)-30 932 +y Fp(cl_I)f(dpb)h(\(const)e(cl_I&)h(newbyte,)f(const)h(cl_I&)g(n,)h +(const)f(cl_byte&)f(b\))450 1041 y Fr(Returns)j Fp(n)p +Fr(,)h(with)f(the)h(bits)f(describ)s(ed)g(b)m(y)g(the)h(bit)g(in)m +(terv)-5 b(al)32 b Fp(b)g Fr(replaced)g(b)m(y)f Fp(newbyte)p +Fr(.)43 b(Only)31 b(the)450 1151 y(lo)m(w)m(est)h Fp(b.size)d +Fr(bits)h(of)h Fp(newbyte)d Fr(are)j(relev)-5 b(an)m(t.)-30 +1303 y(The)33 b(functions)f Fp(ldb)h Fr(and)f Fp(dpb)g +Fr(implicitly)i(shift.)49 b(The)32 b(follo)m(wing)j(functions)e(are)g +(their)g(coun)m(terparts)h(without)-30 1412 y(shifting:)-30 +1564 y Fp(cl_I)29 b(mask_field)f(\(const)g(cl_I&)h(n,)h(const)f +(cl_byte&)f(b\))450 1674 y Fr(returns)35 b(an)g(in)m(teger)j(with)d +(the)h(bits)g(describ)s(ed)f(b)m(y)h(the)g(bit)g(in)m(terv)-5 +b(al)37 b Fp(b)e Fr(copied)i(from)d(the)i(corre-)450 +1784 y(sp)s(onding)29 b(bits)h(in)g Fp(n)p Fr(,)g(the)h(other)g(bits)f +(zero.)-30 1936 y Fp(cl_I)f(deposit_field)e(\(const)i(cl_I&)g(newbyte,) +f(const)h(cl_I&)g(n,)g(const)g(cl_byte&)f(b\))450 2045 +y Fr(returns)e(an)h(in)m(teger)h(where)f(the)g(bits)g(describ)s(ed)f(b) +m(y)h(the)h(bit)f(in)m(terv)-5 b(al)28 b Fp(b)f Fr(come)g(from)e +Fp(newbyte)h Fr(and)450 2155 y(the)31 b(other)f(bits)g(come)h(from)e +Fp(n)p Fr(.)-30 2307 y(The)h(follo)m(wing)i(relations)f(hold:)150 +2438 y Fp(ldb)e(\(n,)h(b\))g(=)g(mask_field\(n,)d(b\))i(>>)h +(b.position)p Fr(,)150 2568 y Fp(dpb)f(\(newbyte,)f(n,)i(b\))g(=)g +(deposit_field)d(\(newbyte)h(<<)h(b.position,)f(n,)i(b\))p +Fr(,)150 2699 y Fp(deposit_field\(newbyte,n,)o(b\))24 +b(=)30 b(n)g(^)g(mask_field\(n,b\))c(^)31 b(mask_field\(new_byte,b\))p +Fr(.)-30 2851 y(The)41 b(follo)m(wing)h(op)s(erations)g(on)f(in)m +(tegers)i(as)e(bit)h(strings)f(are)g(e\016cien)m(t)i(shortcuts)e(for)g +(common)f(arithmetic)-30 2961 y(op)s(erations:)-30 3113 +y Fp(cl_boolean)28 b(oddp)h(\(const)f(cl_I&)h(x\))450 +3222 y Fr(Returns)g(true)i(if)f(the)h(least)g(signi\014can)m(t)g(bit)g (of)f Fp(x)g Fr(is)h(1.)41 b(Equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g -Fp(mod\(x,2\))d(!=)i(0)p Fr(.)0 1578 y Fp(cl_boolean)e(evenp)h(\(const) -f(cl_I&)h(x\))480 1702 y Fr(Returns)g(true)i(if)f(the)h(least)g -(signi\014can)m(t)g(bit)g(of)f Fp(x)g Fr(is)h(0.)41 b(Equiv)-5 -b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g Fp(mod\(x,2\))d(==)i(0)p Fr(.)0 -1888 y Fp(cl_I)f(operator)f(<<)i(\(const)f(cl_I&)g(x,)g(const)g(cl_I&)g -(n\))480 2013 y Fr(Shifts)h Fp(x)g Fr(b)m(y)g Fp(n)g -Fr(bits)g(to)h(the)g(left.)41 b Fp(n)30 b Fr(should)g(b)s(e)f +Fp(mod\(x,2\))d(!=)i(0)p Fr(.)-30 3374 y Fp(cl_boolean)e(evenp)h +(\(const)f(cl_I&)h(x\))450 3484 y Fr(Returns)g(true)i(if)f(the)h(least) +g(signi\014can)m(t)g(bit)g(of)f Fp(x)g Fr(is)h(0.)41 +b(Equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g Fp(mod\(x,2\))d(==)i(0)p +Fr(.)-30 3636 y Fp(cl_I)f(operator)f(<<)i(\(const)f(cl_I&)g(x,)g(const) +g(cl_I&)g(n\))450 3746 y Fr(Shifts)h Fp(x)g Fr(b)m(y)g +Fp(n)g Fr(bits)g(to)h(the)g(left.)41 b Fp(n)30 b Fr(should)g(b)s(e)f Fp(>)p Fr(=0.)41 b(Equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)31 b(to)g Fp(x)f(*)g -(expt\(2,n\))p Fr(.)0 2199 y Fp(cl_I)f(operator)f(>>)i(\(const)f(cl_I&) -g(x,)g(const)g(cl_I&)g(n\))480 2323 y Fr(Shifts)24 b -Fp(x)g Fr(b)m(y)g Fp(n)g Fr(bits)g(to)h(the)g(righ)m(t.)39 -b Fp(n)24 b Fr(should)f(b)s(e)h Fp(>)p Fr(=0.)39 b(Bits)25 -b(shifted)f(out)g(to)h(the)g(righ)m(t)g(are)f(thro)m(wn)480 -2448 y(a)m(w)m(a)m(y)-8 b(.)43 b(Equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)31 -b(to)g Fp(floor\(x)e(/)h(expt\(2,n\)\))p Fr(.)0 2634 -y Fp(cl_I)f(ash)h(\(const)e(cl_I&)h(x,)h(const)f(cl_I&)g(y\))480 -2759 y Fr(Shifts)34 b Fp(x)h Fr(b)m(y)g Fp(y)f Fr(bits)h(to)h(the)f -(left)h(\(if)f Fp(y>)p Fr(=0\))g(or)g(b)m(y)g Fp(-y)f -Fr(bits)h(to)h(the)f(righ)m(t)h(\(if)f Fp(y<)p Fr(=0\).)54 -b(In)35 b(other)480 2883 y(w)m(ords,)30 b(this)g(returns)g -Fp(floor\(x)e(*)i(expt\(2,y\)\))p Fr(.)0 3069 y Fp(uintL)f -(integer_length)d(\(const)j(cl_I&)g(x\))480 3194 y Fr(Returns)40 -b(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)e(of)j(bits)f(\(excluding)g(the)h(sign)f(bit\)) -g(needed)g(to)h(represen)m(t)f Fp(x)g Fr(in)f(t)m(w)m(o's)480 -3318 y(complemen)m(t)28 b(notation.)41 b(This)27 b(is)i(the)f(smallest) -h(n)f Fp(>)p Fr(=)f(0)i(suc)m(h)f(that)h(-2)p Fp(^)p -Fr(n)f Fp(<)p Fr(=)g(x)g Fp(<)g Fr(2)p Fp(^)p Fr(n.)40 -b(If)28 b(x)g Fp(>)g Fr(0,)480 3443 y(this)i(is)h(the)f(unique)g(n)g +(expt\(2,n\))p Fr(.)-30 3898 y Fp(cl_I)f(operator)f(>>)i(\(const)f +(cl_I&)g(x,)g(const)g(cl_I&)g(n\))450 4007 y Fr(Shifts)e +Fp(x)g Fr(b)m(y)h Fp(n)f Fr(bits)h(to)g(the)g(righ)m(t.)41 +b Fp(n)27 b Fr(should)g(b)s(e)g Fp(>)p Fr(=0.)40 b(Bits)28 +b(shifted)g(out)g(to)g(the)g(righ)m(t)g(are)g(thro)m(wn)450 +4117 y(a)m(w)m(a)m(y)-8 b(.)43 b(Equiv)-5 b(alen)m(t)31 +b(to)g Fp(floor\(x)e(/)h(expt\(2,n\)\))p Fr(.)-30 4269 +y Fp(cl_I)f(ash)h(\(const)e(cl_I&)h(x,)h(const)f(cl_I&)g(y\))450 +4378 y Fr(Shifts)37 b Fp(x)g Fr(b)m(y)h Fp(y)f Fr(bits)h(to)g(the)g +(left)h(\(if)f Fp(y>)p Fr(=0\))f(or)h(b)m(y)g Fp(-y)f +Fr(bits)g(to)i(the)f(righ)m(t)g(\(if)g Fp(y<)p Fr(=0\).)63 +b(In)37 b(other)450 4488 y(w)m(ords,)30 b(this)g(returns)g +Fp(floor\(x)e(*)i(expt\(2,y\)\))p Fr(.)-30 4640 y Fp(uintL)f +(integer_length)d(\(const)j(cl_I&)g(x\))450 4750 y Fr(Returns)44 +b(the)i(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(of)j(bits)f(\(excluding)h(the)g(sign)f(bit\)) +h(needed)f(to)h(represen)m(t)f Fp(x)g Fr(in)g(t)m(w)m(o's)450 +4859 y(complemen)m(t)31 b(notation.)45 b(This)30 b(is)i(the)g(smallest) +f(n)g Fp(>)p Fr(=)g(0)h(suc)m(h)f(that)h(-2)p Fp(^)p +Fr(n)f Fp(<)p Fr(=)g(x)g Fp(<)g Fr(2)p Fp(^)p Fr(n.)44 +b(If)31 b(x)g Fp(>)g Fr(0,)450 4969 y(this)f(is)h(the)f(unique)g(n)g Fp(>)g Fr(0)g(suc)m(h)g(that)h(2)p Fp(^)p Fr(\(n-1\))h -Fp(<)p Fr(=)e(x)g Fp(<)g Fr(2)p Fp(^)p Fr(n.)0 3629 y -Fp(uintL)f(ord2)g(\(const)g(cl_I&)g(x\))480 3753 y(x)36 -b Fr(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g(non-zero.)61 b(This)36 b(function)g(returns)g -(the)h(n)m(um)m(b)s(er)d(of)j(0)g(bits)g(at)h(the)f(righ)m(t)g(of)g -Fp(x)f Fr(in)480 3878 y(t)m(w)m(o's)c(complemen)m(t)d(notation.)42 -b(This)30 b(is)g(the)h(largest)h(n)d Fp(>)p Fr(=)h(0)h(suc)m(h)f(that)h -(2)p Fp(^)p Fr(n)f(divides)g Fp(x)p Fr(.)0 4064 y Fp(uintL)f(power2p)f -(\(const)h(cl_I&)g(x\))480 4188 y(x)24 b Fr(m)m(ust)g(b)s(e)g -Fp(>)g Fr(0.)40 b(This)23 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Fe(boole)p 200 4157 V 29 w(eqv)20 b -Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)45 b Fc(27)0 4273 y Fe(boole)p -200 4273 V 29 w(nand)16 b Fd(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)43 b Fc(27)0 -4389 y Fe(boole)p 200 4389 V 29 w(nor)20 b Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.) -45 b Fc(27)0 4505 y Fe(boole)p 200 4505 V 29 w(orc1)16 -b Fd(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)43 b Fc(27)0 4622 y Fe(boole)p -200 4622 V 29 w(orc2)16 b Fd(.)e(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.) 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848 y Fe(ceiling1)27 -b(\(\))15 b Fd(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h -(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)41 b Fc(18)2031 964 y Fe(ceiling2)27 -b(\(\))15 b Fd(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h -(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)41 b Fc(19)2031 1080 y Fe(cis)26 -b(\(\))10 b Fd(.)k(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)37 -b Fc(23)2031 1197 y Fe(cl_idecoded_float)10 b Fd(.)17 -b(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)36 -b Fc(31)2031 1313 y Fe(cl)p 2114 1313 V 29 w(abort)26 -b(\(\))21 b Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)47 b Fc(64)2031 1429 -y Fe(cl)p 2114 1429 V 29 w(byte)7 b Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f -(.)g(.)33 b Fc(28)2031 1545 y Fe(cl)p 2114 1545 V 29 -w(catalanconst)28 b(\(\))20 b Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)46 b Fc(26)2031 1662 y Fe(cl)p 2114 1662 -V 29 w(compare)27 b(\(\))15 b Fd(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)42 b Fc(16)2031 -1778 y Fe(cl)p 2114 1778 V 29 w(cos)p 2260 1778 V 29 -w(sin)26 b(\(\))21 b Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.) 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2824 V 29 w(decoded)p -2416 2824 V 30 w(sfloat)22 b Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)47 b Fc(31)2031 2940 y Fe(cl)p 2114 -2940 V 29 w(default)p 2416 2940 V 30 w(float)p 2641 2940 -V 29 w(format)11 b Fd(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)37 -b Fc(32)2031 3056 y Fe(cl)p 2114 3056 V 29 w(default)p -2416 3056 V 30 w(print)p 2641 3056 V 29 w(flags)14 b -Fd(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)40 b Fc(64)2031 -3173 y Fe(cl)p 2114 3173 V 29 w(default)p 2416 3173 V -30 w(random)p 2680 3173 V 29 w(state)11 b Fd(.)j(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)h(.)37 b Fc(34)2031 3289 y Fe(cl)p 2114 3289 V 29 -w(DF)14 b Fd(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.) 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-(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)34 -b Fc(7,)27 b(9)2031 3870 y Fe(cl)p 2114 3870 V 29 w(FF)14 -b Fd(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)41 -b Fc(9)2031 3986 y Fe(cl)p 2114 3986 V 29 w(find)p 2299 -3986 V 29 w(modint)p 2562 3986 V 29 w(ring)27 b(\(\))21 -b Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)47 b Fc(45)2031 -4102 y Fe(cl)p 2114 4102 V 29 w(find)p 2299 4102 V 29 -w(univpoly)p 2640 4102 V 30 w(ring)26 b(\(\))15 b Fd(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)h(.) -f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)42 b Fc(52)2031 4219 y Fe(cl)p 2114 4219 V -29 w(float)22 b Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h -(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)48 b -Fc(32)2031 4335 y Fe(cl)p 2114 4335 V 29 w(float)p 2338 -4335 V 29 w(approx)27 b(\(\))8 b Fd(.)14 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h -(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)34 b Fc(11)2031 4451 y Fe(cl)p -2114 4451 V 29 w(float)p 2338 4451 V 29 w(format)27 b(\(\))8 -b Fd(.)14 b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h -(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)34 -b Fc(32)2031 4567 y Fe(cl)p 2114 4567 V 29 w(free)p 2299 -4567 V 29 w(hook)26 b(\(\))16 b Fd(.)e(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h -(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)42 b Fc(65)2031 4684 -y Fe(cl)p 2114 4684 V 29 w(hermite)27 b(\(\))15 b Fd(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)42 -b Fc(54)2031 4800 y Fe(cl)p 2114 4800 V 29 w(I)p 2182 -4800 V 28 w(to)p 2288 4800 V 29 w(int)26 b(\(\))7 b Fd(.)13 -b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h -(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.) -g(.)33 b Fc(11)2031 4916 y Fe(cl)p 2114 4916 V 29 w(I)p -2182 4916 V 28 w(to)p 2288 4916 V 29 w(long)26 b(\(\))c -Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)48 b Fc(11)2031 5032 y Fe(cl)p 2114 5032 V 29 w(I)p -2182 5032 V 28 w(to)p 2288 5032 V 29 w(uint)26 b(\(\))c -Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)48 b Fc(11)2031 5149 y Fe(cl)p 2114 5149 V 29 w(I)p -2182 5149 V 28 w(to)p 2288 5149 V 29 w(ulong)27 b(\(\))19 -b Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.) -45 b Fc(11)2031 5265 y Fe(cl)p 2114 5265 V 29 w(laguerre)27 -b(\(\))13 b Fd(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)39 b Fc(54)p eop -%%Page: 67 69 -67 68 bop 0 -116 a Fr(Index)3586 b(67)0 366 y Fe(cl)p -83 366 24 4 v 29 w(legendre)27 b(\(\))13 b Fd(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)39 b -Fc(54)0 483 y Fe(cl)p 83 483 V 29 w(LF)14 b Fd(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)41 b Fc(9)0 599 y Fe(cl)p 83 599 -V 29 w(malloc)p 346 599 V 29 w(hook)27 b(\(\))11 b Fd(.)i(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.) -f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)37 b Fc(65)0 -715 y Fe(cl)p 83 715 V 29 w(N)16 b Fd(.)d(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.) -f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)44 b Fc(7)0 831 y Fe(cl)p 83 831 V -29 w(number)22 b Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.) -f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)48 b -Fc(7)0 948 y Fe(cl)p 83 948 V 29 w(pi)12 b Fd(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)38 b Fc(24)0 1064 y Fe(cl)p 83 1064 -V 29 w(R)16 b Fd(.)d(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)44 -b Fc(7)0 1180 y Fe(cl)p 83 1180 V 29 w(RA)14 b Fd(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)41 b Fc(7)0 1296 y Fe(cl)p -83 1296 V 29 w(SF)14 b Fd(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)41 b Fc(9)0 1413 y Fe(cl)p 83 1413 V 29 w(string)27 -b(\(\))18 b Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h -(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)44 b Fc(48)0 1529 y Fe(cl)p -83 1529 V 29 w(symbol)27 b(\(\))18 b Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.) 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-(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)37 -b Fc(21)0 5224 y(mo)r(difying)26 b(op)r(erators)e Fd(.)13 -b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)49 -b Fc(35)0 5340 y(mo)r(dular)25 b(in)n(teger)8 b Fd(.)14 -b(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -35 b Fc(45)2031 366 y Fe(modulus)18 b Fd(.)d(.)e(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -45 b Fc(46)2031 483 y Fe(monomial)27 b(\(\))15 b Fd(.)f(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.) -f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)41 -b Fc(52)2031 599 y(Mon)n(tgomery)25 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-(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)41 b Fc(54)2031 -2434 y Fe(operator)27 b(*)f(\(\))12 b Fd(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)39 b Fc(13,)26 b(47,)h(53)2031 2550 -y Fe(operator)g(*=)f(\(\))14 b Fd(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)41 b Fc(35)2031 2667 -y Fe(operator)27 b(-)f(\(\))12 b Fd(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)h(.)f(.)39 b Fc(13,)26 b(46,)h(53)2031 2783 y Fe(operator)g(--)f -(\(\))14 b Fd(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)41 b Fc(36)2031 2899 y Fe(operator)27 -b(-=)f(\(\))14 b 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Fd(.)c(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f -(.)g(.)g(.)43 b Fc(27)2031 3597 y Fe(operator)27 b(|=)f(\(\))14 -b Fd(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)41 b Fc(35)2031 3713 y Fe(operator)27 b(~)f(\(\))17 -b Fd(.)c(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f -(.)g(.)g(.)43 b Fc(27)2031 3829 y Fe(operator)27 b(+)f(\(\))12 -b Fd(.)i(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)39 -b Fc(13,)26 b(46,)h(53)2031 3945 y Fe(operator)g(+=)f(\(\))14 -b Fd(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)41 b Fc(35)2031 4061 y Fe(operator)27 b(++)f(\(\))14 -b Fd(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)41 b Fc(36)2031 4178 y Fe(operator)27 b(>)f(\(\))17 -b Fd(.)c(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f -(.)g(.)g(.)43 b Fc(16)2031 4294 y Fe(operator)27 b(>=)f(\(\))14 -b Fd(.)g(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)41 b Fc(16)2031 4410 y Fe(operator)27 b(>>)f(\(\))21 -b Fd(.)13 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)47 -b Fc(29,)27 b(47)2031 4526 y Fe(operator)g(>>=)g(\(\))11 -b Fd(.)j(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)38 b Fc(35)2031 4643 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b(47,)h(54)2031 5224 y Fe(operator)g(<<=)g(\(\))11 -b Fd(.)j(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)38 b Fc(35)2031 5340 y Fe(ord2)27 b(\(\))8 b Fd(.)13 -b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)34 b Fc(29)p eop -%%Page: 69 71 -69 70 bop 0 -116 a Fr(Index)3586 b(69)0 366 y Fs(P)0 -499 y Fe(phase)27 b(\(\))c Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)49 -b Fc(22)0 616 y(pi)21 b Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)48 b Fc(24)0 732 y Fe(plus1)27 b(\(\))c 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Fc(30)2031 366 y(Sc)n(h\177)-38 -b(onhage-Strassen)15 b Fd(.)e(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)42 b Fc(56)2031 483 y(Sc)n(h\177)-38 b(onhage-Strassen)26 -b(m)n(ultiplication)10 b Fd(.)j(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)37 b Fc(2)2031 599 y Fe(sed)13 -b Fd(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h -(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)41 -b Fc(3)2031 715 y Fe(set)p 2153 715 V 29 w(coeff)27 b(\(\))18 -b Fd(.)13 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)44 b Fc(53)2031 831 y Fe(signum)27 b(\(\))20 -b Fd(.)13 b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g 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+b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g (.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)48 b Fr(55)299 4130 y(10.2)92 -b(Memory)30 b(e\016ciency)15 b Fa(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g +g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)57 b Fr(43)269 +3565 y(10.4)92 b(Garbage)32 b(collection)14 b Fa(.)k(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) +g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g (.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)44 -b Fr(55)299 4255 y(10.3)92 b(Sp)s(eed)30 b(e\016ciency)19 -b Fa(.)d(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) +g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)44 b Fr(44)-30 3807 y Fs(11)135 b(Using)46 +b(the)f(library)25 b Fb(.)20 b(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h +(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.) +h(.)69 b Fs(45)269 3944 y Fr(11.1)92 b(Compiler)30 b(options)21 +b Fa(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g +(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) +g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)50 b +Fr(45)269 4054 y(11.2)92 b(Include)30 b(\014les)18 b +Fa(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g +(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) +g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)47 +b Fr(45)269 4164 y(11.3)92 b(An)30 b(Example)d Fa(.)15 +b(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g +(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) +h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)57 +b Fr(48)269 4273 y(11.4)92 b(Debugging)32 b(supp)s(ort)23 +b Fa(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g +(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) +g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)54 b Fr(49)-30 +4516 y Fs(12)135 b(Customizing)39 b Fb(.)19 b(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f +(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.) +h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)83 b Fs(51)269 4653 +y Fr(12.1)92 b(Error)30 b(handling)24 b Fa(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h +(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)48 b Fr(56)299 -4379 y(10.4)92 b(Garbage)32 b(collection)e Fa(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g +(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)54 b Fr(51)269 4762 y(12.2)92 +b(Floating-p)s(oin)m(t)33 b(under\015o)m(w)19 b Fa(.)14 +b(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g (.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)57 b Fr(56)0 4628 y Fs(11)135 b(Using)46 b(the)f(library)26 -b Fb(.)20 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f -(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)71 -b Fs(57)299 4784 y Fr(11.1)92 b(Compiler)30 b(options)12 -b Fa(.)j(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)41 b Fr(57)299 -4909 y(11.2)92 b(Include)30 b(\014les)10 b Fa(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)39 b Fr(57)299 5033 -y(11.3)92 b(An)30 b(Example)19 b Fa(.)c(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)49 b Fr(61)299 5158 y(11.4)92 b(Debugging)32 -b(supp)s(ort)17 b Fa(.)c(.)i(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)46 -b Fr(62)p eop -%%Page: -3 74 --3 73 bop 3824 -116 a Fr(iii)0 83 y Fs(12)135 b(Customizing)40 -b Fb(.)20 b(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f -(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)84 -b Fs(64)299 239 y Fr(12.1)92 b(Error)30 b(handling)17 -b Fa(.)d(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)46 -b Fr(64)299 363 y(12.2)92 b(Floating-p)s(oin)m(t)33 b(under\015o)m(w)11 -b Fa(.)j(.)h(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) +g(.)g(.)g(.)49 b Fr(51)269 4872 y(12.3)92 b(Customizing)30 +b(I/O)25 b Fa(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)40 b Fr(64)299 488 y(12.3)92 b(Customizing)30 -b(I/O)16 b Fa(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.) -g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)g(.)45 -b Fr(64)299 612 y(12.4)92 b(Customizing)30 b(the)h(memory)d(allo)s -(cator)k Fa(.)15 b(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g -(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)59 -b Fr(65)0 861 y Fs(Index)31 b Fb(.)19 b(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h -(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.) -g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)76 -b Fs(66)p eop +(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)54 +b Fr(51)269 4981 y(12.4)92 b(Customizing)30 b(the)h(memory)d(allo)s +(cator)16 b Fa(.)i(.)d(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g +(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)g(.)46 +b Fr(51)-30 5224 y Fs(Index)30 b Fb(.)19 b(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f +(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.) +h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f(.)g(.)h(.)f(.)h(.)f +(.)h(.)74 b Fs(52)p eop %%Trailer end userdict /end-hook known{end-hook}if diff --git a/doc/cln.tex b/doc/cln.tex index 21f263e..3bbb9ae 100644 --- a/doc/cln.tex +++ b/doc/cln.tex @@ -283,13 +283,13 @@ initializations will not work. @end itemize @end ignore -@cindex @code{make} @subsection Make utility +@cindex @code{make} To build CLN, you also need to have GNU @code{make} installed. -@cindex @code{sed} @subsection Sed utility +@cindex @code{sed} To build CLN on HP-UX, you also need to have GNU @code{sed} installed. This is because the libtool script, which creates the CLN library, relies @@ -411,6 +411,27 @@ use @samp{--enable-shared} because @code{g++} would miscompile parts of the library. +@subsection Using the GNU MP Library +@cindex GMP + +Starting with version 1.0.4, CLN may be configured to make use of a +preinstalled @code{gmp} library. Please make sure that you have at +least @code{gmp} version 3.0 installed since earlier versions are +unsupported and likely not to work. Enabling this feature by calling +@code{configure} with the option @samp{--with-gmp} is known to be quite +a boost for CLN's performance. + +If you have installed the @code{gmp} library and its header file in +some place where your compiler cannot find it by default, you must help +@code{configure} by setting @code{CPPFLAGS} and @code{LDFLAGS}. Here is +an example: + +@example +$ CC="gcc" CFLAGS="-O2" CXX="g++" CXXFLAGS="-O2 -fno-exceptions" \ + CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/gmp/include" LDFLAGS="-L/opt/gmp/lib" ./configure --with-gmp +@end example + + @section Installing the library @cindex installation @@ -721,10 +742,10 @@ Conversions from any class to any of its subclasses (``derived classes'' in C++ terminology) are not provided. Instead, you can assert and check that a value belongs to a certain subclass, and return it as element of that class, using the @samp{As} and @samp{The} macros. -@cindex @code{As() ()} +@cindex @code{As()()} @code{As(@var{type})(@var{value})} checks that @var{value} belongs to @var{type} and returns it as such. -@cindex @code{The() ()} +@cindex @code{The()()} @code{The(@var{type})(@var{value})} assumes that @var{value} belongs to @var{type} and returns it as such. It is your responsibility to ensure that this assumption is valid. @@ -852,7 +873,7 @@ Returns the reciprocal of the argument. The class @code{cl_I} doesn't define a @samp{/} operation because in the C/C++ language this operator, applied to integral types, denotes the @samp{floor} or @samp{truncate} operation (which one of these, -is implementation dependent). (@xref{Rounding functions}) +is implementation dependent). (@xref{Rounding functions}.) Instead, @code{cl_I} defines an ``exact quotient'' function: @table @code @@ -1196,6 +1217,11 @@ and the remainder. The suffix @samp{2} indicates this. Each of the classes @code{cl_F}, @code{cl_SF}, @code{cl_FF}, @code{cl_DF}, @code{cl_LF} defines the following operations: +@cindex @code{cl_F_fdiv_t} +@cindex @code{cl_SF_fdiv_t} +@cindex @code{cl_FF_fdiv_t} +@cindex @code{cl_DF_fdiv_t} +@cindex @code{cl_LF_fdiv_t} @table @code @item struct @var{type}_fdiv_t @{ @var{type} quotient; @var{type} remainder; @}; @@ -1209,6 +1235,7 @@ defines the following operations: @cindex @code{fround2 ()} @end table and similarly for class @code{cl_R}, but with quotient type @code{cl_F}. +@cindex @code{cl_R_fdiv_t} The class @code{cl_R} defines the following operations: @@ -1482,7 +1509,7 @@ Archimedes' constant pi = 3.14@dots{} is returned by the following functions: @table @code @item cl_F cl_pi (cl_float_format_t f) -@cindex @code{cl_pi} +@cindex @code{cl_pi ()} Returns pi as a float of format @code{f}. @item cl_F cl_pi (const cl_F& y) @@ -2083,6 +2110,7 @@ zero, it is treated as positive. Same for @code{y}. @subsection Conversion to floating-point numbers The type @code{cl_float_format_t} describes a floating-point format. +@cindex @code{cl_float_format_t} @table @code @item cl_float_format_t cl_float_format (uintL n) @@ -2106,7 +2134,7 @@ defines the following operations: @table @code @item cl_F cl_float (const @var{type}&x, cl_float_format_t f) -@cindex @code{cl_float} +@cindex @code{cl_float ()} Returns @code{x} as a float of format @code{f}. @item cl_F cl_float (const @var{type}&x, const cl_F& y) Returns @code{x} in the float format of @code{y}. @@ -2198,6 +2226,7 @@ Calling one of these modifies the state of the random number generator in a complicated but deterministic way. The global variable +@cindex @code{cl_random_state} @cindex @code{cl_default_random_state} @example cl_random_state cl_default_random_state @@ -2684,6 +2713,7 @@ The class of modular integer rings is cl_modint_ring @end example +@cindex @code{cl_modint_ring} and the class of all modular integers (elements of modular integer rings) is @@ -2742,7 +2772,7 @@ This returns @code{1 mod N}. This returns @code{x mod N}. @item cl_I R->retract (const cl_MI& x) -@cindex @code{etract ()} +@cindex @code{retract ()} This is a partial inverse function to @code{R->canonhom}. It returns the standard representative (@code{>=0}, @code{ @end example +@cindex @code{cl_modint_ring} and the class of all modular integers (elements of modular integer rings) is @@ -2986,7 +3028,7 @@ This returns @code{1 mod N}. This returns @code{x mod N}. @item cl_I R->retract (const cl_MI& x) -@cindex @code{etract ()} +@cindex @code{retract ()} This is a partial inverse function to @code{R->canonhom}. It returns the standard representative (@code{>=0}, @code{ - + CLN, a Class Library for Numbers - 1. Introduction diff --git a/doc/cln_10.html b/doc/cln_10.html index d858b76..677b915 100644 --- a/doc/cln_10.html +++ b/doc/cln_10.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - + CLN, a Class Library for Numbers - 10. Internals @@ -9,13 +9,13 @@ Go to the first, previous,

      -

      10. Internals

      +

      10. Internals

      -

      10.1 Why C++ ?

      +

      10.1 Why C++ ?

      - +

      @@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ Efficiency: It compiles to machine code.

    • - + Portability: It runs on all platforms supporting a C++ compiler. Because of the availability of GNU C++, this includes all currently used 32-bit and 64-bit platforms, independently of the quality of the vendor's C++ compiler. @@ -62,7 +62,7 @@ in a high-level language. -

      10.2 Memory efficiency

      +

      10.2 Memory efficiency

      In order to save memory allocations, CLN implements: @@ -76,8 +76,8 @@ Object sharing: An operation like x+0 returns x withou it.

    • - - + + Garbage collection: A reference counting mechanism makes sure that any number object's storage is freed immediately when the last reference to the object is gone. @@ -91,7 +91,7 @@ on the heap. -

      10.3 Speed efficiency

      +

      10.3 Speed efficiency

      Speed efficiency is obtained by the combination of the following tricks @@ -122,9 +122,9 @@ algorithm. For very large numbers (more than 12000 decimal digits), CLN uses Schönhage-Strassen - -multiplication, which is an asymptotically -optimal multiplication algorithm. + +multiplication, which is an asymptotically optimal multiplication +algorithm.

    • These fast multiplication algorithms also give improvements in the speed @@ -133,9 +133,9 @@ of division and radix conversion. -

      10.4 Garbage collection

      +

      10.4 Garbage collection

      - +

      diff --git a/doc/cln_11.html b/doc/cln_11.html index 411c047..59bcaa8 100644 --- a/doc/cln_11.html +++ b/doc/cln_11.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - + CLN, a Class Library for Numbers - 11. Using the library @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Go to the first, previous,

      -

      11. Using the library

      +

      11. Using the library

      For the following discussion, we will assume that you have installed @@ -21,9 +21,9 @@ environment variables, or directly substitute the appropriate values. -

      11.1 Compiler options

      +

      11.1 Compiler options

      - +

      @@ -60,10 +60,10 @@ linking a CLN application it is sufficient to give the flag -lcln. -

      11.2 Include files

      +

      11.2 Include files

      - - + +

      @@ -256,11 +256,11 @@ Includes all of the above. -

      11.3 An Example

      +

      11.3 An Example

      A function which computes the nth Fibonacci number can be written as follows. - + @@ -344,9 +344,9 @@ contains this implementation together with an even faster algorithm. -

      11.4 Debugging support

      +

      11.4 Debugging support

      - +

      @@ -380,7 +380,7 @@ CLN offers a function cl_print, callable from the debugger, for printing number objects. In order to get this function, you have to define the macro `CL_DEBUG' and then include all the header files for which you want cl_print debugging support. For example: - + 

       #define CL_DEBUG
@@ -407,7 +407,7 @@ only with number objects and similar. Therefore CLN offers a member function
 debug_print() on all CLN types. The same macro `CL_DEBUG'
 is needed for this member function to be implemented. Under gdb,
 you call it like this:
-
+
 
 
       (gdb) print s
diff --git a/doc/cln_12.html b/doc/cln_12.html
index 9399348..6b80c8c 100644
--- a/doc/cln_12.html
+++ b/doc/cln_12.html
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 
 
-
+
 
 CLN, a Class Library for Numbers - 12. Customizing
 
@@ -9,14 +9,14 @@ Go to the first, previous, 
      
 
 
-
      12. Customizing
      
+
      12. Customizing
      
 
      
-
+
 
 
 
 
-
      12.1 Error handling
      
+
      12.1 Error handling
      
 
 
      
 When a fatal error occurs, an error message is output to the standard error
@@ -31,15 +31,15 @@ void cl_abort (void);
 
      
 
 
      
-
+
 This function must not return control to its caller.
 
 
 
 
-
      12.2 Floating-point underflow
      
+
      12.2 Floating-point underflow
      
 
      
-
+
 
 
 
      
@@ -60,17 +60,17 @@ will be generated instead.  The default value of
 
 
 
-
      12.3 Customizing I/O
      
+
      12.3 Customizing I/O
      
 
 
      
 The output of the function fprint may be customized by changing the
 value of the global variable cl_default_print_flags.
-
+
 
 
 
 
-
      12.4 Customizing the memory allocator
      
+
      12.4 Customizing the memory allocator
      
 
 
      
 Every memory allocation of CLN is done through the function pointer
@@ -89,8 +89,8 @@ void (*cl_free_hook) (void* ptr)      = ...;

      - - + + The cl_malloc_hook function must not return a NULL pointer. diff --git a/doc/cln_13.html b/doc/cln_13.html index 1240d1e..0bb9712 100644 --- a/doc/cln_13.html +++ b/doc/cln_13.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - + CLN, a Class Library for Numbers - Index @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Go to the first, previous, ne

      -

      Index

      +

      Index

      Jump to: diff --git a/doc/cln_2.html b/doc/cln_2.html index d9f2136..86b3375 100644 --- a/doc/cln_2.html +++ b/doc/cln_2.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - + CLN, a Class Library for Numbers - 2. Installation @@ -50,21 +50,23 @@ of static and global variables, a feature which I could implement for GNU g++ only. -

      -

      2.1.2 Make utility

      +

      + +

      To build CLN, you also need to have GNU make installed. -

      -

      2.1.3 Sed utility

      +

      + +

      To build CLN on HP-UX, you also need to have GNU sed installed. @@ -200,11 +202,40 @@ library. -

      2.3 Installing the library

      +

      2.2.1 Using the GNU MP Library

      +

      +Starting with version 1.0.4, CLN may be configured to make use of a +preinstalled gmp library. Please make sure that you have at +least gmp version 3.0 installed since earlier versions are +unsupported and likely not to work. Enabling this feature by calling +configure with the option `--with-gmp' is known to be quite +a boost for CLN's performance. + + +

      +If you have installed the gmp library and its header file in +some place where your compiler cannot find it by default, you must help +configure by setting CPPFLAGS and LDFLAGS. Here is +an example: + + + +

      +$ CC="gcc" CFLAGS="-O2" CXX="g++" CXXFLAGS="-O2 -fno-exceptions" \
+  CPPFLAGS="-I/opt/gmp/include" LDFLAGS="-L/opt/gmp/lib" ./configure --with-gmp
+
      + + + +

      2.3 Installing the library

      +

      + + +

      As with any autoconfiguring GNU software, installation is as easy as this: @@ -230,7 +261,7 @@ the --prefix=... option. -

      2.4 Cleaning up

      +

      2.4 Cleaning up

      You can remove system-dependent files generated by make through diff --git a/doc/cln_3.html b/doc/cln_3.html index ed3eae4..5a60729 100644 --- a/doc/cln_3.html +++ b/doc/cln_3.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - + CLN, a Class Library for Numbers - 3. Ordinary number types @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Go to the first, previous,

      -

      3. Ordinary number types

      +

      3. Ordinary number types

      CLN implements the following class hierarchy: @@ -45,8 +45,8 @@ Rational number Floating-point number

      - + The base class cl_number is an abstract base class. It is not useful to declare a variable of this type except if you want to completely disable compile-time type checking and use run-time type @@ -54,24 +54,24 @@ checking instead.

      - + The class cl_N comprises real and complex numbers. There is no special class for complex numbers since complex numbers with imaginary part 0 are automatically converted to real numbers.

      - + The class cl_R comprises real numbers of different kinds. It is an abstract class.

      - + The class cl_RA comprises exact real numbers: rational numbers, including integers. There is no special class for non-integral rational numbers since rational numbers with denominator 1 are automatically converted @@ -79,16 +79,16 @@ to integers.

      - + The class cl_F implements floating-point approximations to real numbers. It is an abstract class. -

      3.1 Exact numbers

      +

      3.1 Exact numbers

      - +

      @@ -130,9 +130,9 @@ is completely transparent. -

      3.2 Floating-point numbers

      +

      3.2 Floating-point numbers

      - +

      @@ -144,7 +144,7 @@ CLN implements ordinary floating-point numbers, with mantissa and exponent.

      - + The elementary operations (+, -, *, /, ...) only return approximate results. For example, the value of the expression (cl_F) 0.3 + (cl_F) 0.4 prints as `0.70000005', not as @@ -175,7 +175,7 @@ Floating point numbers come in four flavors:

      • - + Short floats, type cl_SF. They have 1 sign bit, 8 exponent bits (including the exponent's sign), and 17 mantissa bits (including the "hidden" bit). @@ -183,7 +183,7 @@ They don't consume heap allocation.
      • - + Single floats, type cl_FF. They have 1 sign bit, 8 exponent bits (including the exponent's sign), and 24 mantissa bits (including the "hidden" bit). @@ -192,7 +192,7 @@ This corresponds closely to the C/C++ type `float'.
      • - + Double floats, type cl_DF. They have 1 sign bit, 11 exponent bits (including the exponent's sign), and 53 mantissa bits (including the "hidden" bit). @@ -201,7 +201,7 @@ This corresponds closely to the C/C++ type `double'.
      • - + Long floats, type cl_LF. They have 1 sign bit, 32 exponent bits (including the exponent's sign), and n mantissa bits (including the "hidden" bit), where n >= 64. @@ -222,7 +222,7 @@ with larger exponent range.

        - + As a user of CLN, you can forget about the differences between the four floating-point types and just declare all your floating-point variables as being of type cl_F. This has the advantage that @@ -237,9 +237,9 @@ the floating point contagion rule happened to change in the future.) -

        3.3 Complex numbers

        +

        3.3 Complex numbers

        - +

        @@ -256,9 +256,9 @@ through application of sqrt or transcendental functions. -

        3.4 Conversions

        +

        3.4 Conversions

        - +

        @@ -317,7 +317,7 @@ Conversions from `const char *' are provided for the classes cl_R, cl_N. The easiest way to specify a value which is outside of the range of the C++ built-in types is therefore to specify it as a string, like this: - + 

            cl_I order_of_rubiks_cube_group = "43252003274489856000";
@@ -337,16 +337,16 @@ the functions
 
 
        int cl_I_to_int (const cl_I& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        unsigned int cl_I_to_uint (const cl_I& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        long cl_I_to_long (const cl_I& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        unsigned long cl_I_to_ulong (const cl_I& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns x as element of the C type ctype. If x is not
 representable in the range of ctype, a runtime error occurs.
 
@@ -363,10 +363,10 @@ the functions
 
 
        float cl_float_approx (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        double cl_double_approx (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns an approximation of x of C type ctype.
 If abs(x) is too close to 0 (underflow), 0 is returned.
 If abs(x) is too large (overflow), an IEEE infinity is returned.
@@ -377,10 +377,10 @@ Conversions from any class to any of its subclasses ("derived classes" in
 C++ terminology) are not provided. Instead, you can assert and check
 that a value belongs to a certain subclass, and return it as element of that
 class, using the `As' and `The' macros.
-
+
 As(type)(value) checks that value belongs to
 type and returns it as such.
-
+
 The(type)(value) assumes that value belongs to
 type and returns it as such. It is your responsibility to ensure
 that this assumption is valid.
diff --git a/doc/cln_4.html b/doc/cln_4.html
index 4bf113f..183858e 100644
--- a/doc/cln_4.html
+++ b/doc/cln_4.html
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 
 
-
+
 
 CLN, a Class Library for Numbers - 4. Functions on numbers
 
@@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Go to the first, previous, 
        
 
 
-
        4. Functions on numbers
        
+
        4. Functions on numbers
        
 
 
        
 Each of the number classes declares its mathematical operations in the
@@ -19,7 +19,7 @@ objects of type cl_I, it should #include <cl_integer.h
 
 
 
-
        4.1 Constructing numbers
        
+
        4.1 Constructing numbers
        
 
 
        
 Here is how to create number objects "from nothing".
@@ -27,37 +27,37 @@ Here is how to create number objects "from nothing".
 
 
 
-
        4.1.1 Constructing integers
        
+
        4.1.1 Constructing integers
        
 
 
        
 cl_I objects are most easily constructed from C integers and from
-strings. See section 3.4 Conversions.
+strings. See section 3.4 Conversions.
 
 
 
 
-
        4.1.2 Constructing rational numbers
        
+
        4.1.2 Constructing rational numbers
        
 
 
        
 cl_RA objects can be constructed from strings. The syntax
-for rational numbers is described in section 5.1 Internal and printed representation.
+for rational numbers is described in section 5.1 Internal and printed representation.
 Another standard way to produce a rational number is through application
 of `operator /' or `recip' on integers.
 
 
 
 
-
        4.1.3 Constructing floating-point numbers
        
+
        4.1.3 Constructing floating-point numbers
        
 
 
        
 cl_F objects with low precision are most easily constructed from
-C `float' and `double'. See section 3.4 Conversions.
+C `float' and `double'. See section 3.4 Conversions.
 
 
 
        
 To construct a cl_F with high precision, you can use the conversion
 from `const char *', but you have to specify the desired precision
-within the string. (See section 5.1 Internal and printed representation.)
+within the string. (See section 5.1 Internal and printed representation.)
 Example:
 
 
        @@ -71,7 +71,7 @@ will set `e' to the given value, with a precision of 40 decimal dig
 
        
 The programmatic way to construct a cl_F with high precision is
 through the cl_float conversion function, see
-section 4.11.1 Conversion to floating-point numbers. For example, to compute
+section 4.11.1 Conversion to floating-point numbers. For example, to compute
 e to 40 decimal places, first construct 1.0 to 40 decimal places
 and then apply the exponential function:
 
@@ -82,7 +82,7 @@ and then apply the exponential function:
 
 
 
-
        4.1.4 Constructing complex numbers
        
+
        4.1.4 Constructing complex numbers
        
 
 
        
 Non-real cl_N objects are normally constructed through the function
@@ -92,12 +92,12 @@ Non-real cl_N objects are normally constructed through the function
 
        
 
 
        
-See section 4.4 Elementary complex functions.
+See section 4.4 Elementary complex functions.
 
 
 
 
-
        4.2 Elementary functions
        
+
        4.2 Elementary functions
        
 
 
        
 Each of the classes cl_N, cl_R, cl_RA, cl_I,
@@ -109,12 +109,12 @@ defines the following operations:
 
 
        type operator + (const type&, const type&)
 
        
-
+
 Addition.
 
 
        type operator - (const type&, const type&)
 
        
-
+
 Subtraction.
 
 
        type operator - (const type&)
@@ -123,22 +123,22 @@ Returns the negative of the argument.
 
 
        type plus1 (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns x + 1.
 
 
        type minus1 (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns x - 1.
 
 
        type operator * (const type&, const type&)
 
        
-
+
 Multiplication.
 
 
        type square (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns x * x.
 
 
@@ -152,12 +152,12 @@ defines the following operations:
 
 
        type operator / (const type&, const type&)
 
        
-
+
 Division.
 
 
        type recip (const type&)
 
        
-
+
 Returns the reciprocal of the argument.
 
 
@@ -165,7 +165,7 @@ Returns the reciprocal of the argument.
 The class cl_I doesn't define a `/' operation because
 in the C/C++ language this operator, applied to integral types,
 denotes the `floor' or `truncate' operation (which one of these,
-is implementation dependent). (See section 4.6 Rounding functions)
+is implementation dependent). (See section 4.6 Rounding functions.)
 Instead, cl_I defines an "exact quotient" function:
 
 
@@ -173,7 +173,7 @@ Instead, cl_I defines an "exact quotient" function:
 
 
        cl_I exquo (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 Checks that y divides x, and returns the quotient x/y.
 
 
@@ -185,14 +185,14 @@ The following exponentiation functions are defined:
 
 
        cl_I expt_pos (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 
        cl_RA expt_pos (const cl_RA& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
 y must be > 0. Returns x^y.
 
 
        cl_RA expt (const cl_RA& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 
        cl_R expt (const cl_R& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
 
        cl_N expt (const cl_N& x, const cl_I& y)
@@ -210,7 +210,7 @@ defines the following operation:
 
 
        type abs (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns the absolute value of x.
 This is x if x >= 0, and -x if x <= 0.
 
@@ -236,7 +236,7 @@ defines the following operation:
 
 
        type signum (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns the sign of x, in the same number format as x.
 This is defined as x / abs(x) if x is non-zero, and
 x if x is zero. If x is real, the value is either
@@ -245,7 +245,7 @@ This is defined as x / abs(x) if x is non-zero, and
 
 
 
-
        4.3 Elementary rational functions
        
+
        4.3 Elementary rational functions
        
 
 
        
 Each of the classes cl_RA, cl_I defines the following operations:
@@ -255,12 +255,12 @@ Each of the classes cl_RA, cl_I defines the following
 
 
        cl_I numerator (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns the numerator of x.
 
 
        cl_I denominator (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns the denominator of x.
 
 
@@ -271,7 +271,7 @@ a way that they have no factor in common and the denominator is positive.
 
 
 
-
        4.4 Elementary complex functions
        
+
        4.4 Elementary complex functions
        
 
 
        
 The class cl_N defines the following operation:
@@ -281,7 +281,7 @@ The class cl_N defines the following operation:
 
 
        cl_N complex (const cl_R& a, const cl_R& b)
 
        
-
+
 Returns the complex number a+bi, that is, the complex number with
 real part a and imaginary part b.
 
@@ -294,17 +294,17 @@ Each of the classes cl_N, cl_R defines the following o
 
 
        cl_R realpart (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns the real part of x.
 
 
        cl_R imagpart (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns the imaginary part of x.
 
 
        type conjugate (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns the complex conjugate of x.
 
 
@@ -324,9 +324,9 @@ We have the relations
 
 
 
-
        4.5 Comparisons
        
+
        4.5 Comparisons
        
 
        
-
+
 
 
 
        
@@ -339,22 +339,22 @@ defines the following operations:
 
 
        bool operator == (const type&, const type&)
 
        
-
+
 
        bool operator != (const type&, const type&)
 
        
-
+
 Comparison, as in C and C++.
 
 
        uint32 cl_equal_hashcode (const type&)
 
        
-
+
 Returns a 32-bit hash code that is the same for any two numbers which are
 the same according to ==. This hash code depends on the number's value,
 not its type or precision.
 
 
        cl_boolean zerop (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Compare against zero: x == 0
 
 
@@ -368,42 +368,42 @@ defines the following operations:
 
 
        cl_signean cl_compare (const type& x, const type& y)
 
        
-
+
 Compares x and y. Returns +1 if x>y,
 -1 if x<y, 0 if x=y.
 
 
        bool operator <= (const type&, const type&)
 
        
-
+
 
        bool operator < (const type&, const type&)
 
        
-
+
 
        bool operator >= (const type&, const type&)
 
        
-
+
 
        bool operator > (const type&, const type&)
 
        
-
+
 Comparison, as in C and C++.
 
 
        cl_boolean minusp (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Compare against zero: x < 0
 
 
        cl_boolean plusp (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Compare against zero: x > 0
 
 
        type max (const type& x, const type& y)
 
        
-
+
 Return the maximum of x and y.
 
 
        type min (const type& x, const type& y)
 
        
-
+
 Return the minimum of x and y.
 
 
@@ -418,9 +418,9 @@ there is no floating point number whose value is exactly 1/3.
 
 
 
-
        4.6 Rounding functions
        
+
        4.6 Rounding functions
        
 
        
-
+
 
 
 
        
@@ -491,19 +491,19 @@ defines the following operations:
 
 
        cl_I floor1 (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns floor(x).
 
        cl_I ceiling1 (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns ceiling(x).
 
        cl_I truncate1 (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns truncate(x).
 
        cl_I round1 (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns round(x).
 
 
@@ -592,16 +592,16 @@ defines the following operations:
 
        
 
        type_div_t floor2 (const type& x, const type& y)
 
        
-
+
 
        type_div_t ceiling2 (const type& x, const type& y)
 
        
-
+
 
        type_div_t truncate2 (const type& x, const type& y)
 
        
-
+
 
        type_div_t round2 (const type& x, const type& y)
 
        
-
+
 
 
 
        
@@ -620,16 +620,16 @@ defines the following operations:
 
 
        type ffloor (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        type fceiling (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        type ftruncate (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        type fround (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 
 
 
        
@@ -661,6 +661,11 @@ and the remainder. The suffix `2' indicates this.
 Each of the classes
 cl_F, cl_SF, cl_FF, cl_DF, cl_LF
 defines the following operations:
+
+
+
+
+
 
 
 
        
@@ -669,19 +674,20 @@ defines the following operations:
 
        
 
        type_fdiv_t ffloor2 (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        type_fdiv_t fceiling2 (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        type_fdiv_t ftruncate2 (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        type_fdiv_t fround2 (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        
 
        
 and similarly for class cl_R, but with quotient type cl_F.
+
 
 
 
        
@@ -733,15 +739,15 @@ The classes cl_R, cl_I define the following operations
 
 
        type mod (const type& x, const type& y)
 
        
-
+
 
        type rem (const type& x, const type& y)
 
        
-
+
 
 
 
 
-
        4.7 Roots
        
+
        4.7 Roots
        
 
 
        
 Each of the classes cl_R,
@@ -753,7 +759,7 @@ defines the following operation:
 
 
        type sqrt (const type& x)
 
        
-
+
 x must be >= 0. This function returns the square root of x,
 normalized to be >= 0. If x is the square of a rational number,
 sqrt(x) will be a rational number, else it will return a
@@ -768,7 +774,7 @@ The classes cl_RA, cl_I define the following operation
 
 
        cl_boolean sqrtp (const type& x, type* root)
 
        
-
+
 This tests whether x is a perfect square. If so, it returns true
 and the exact square root in *root, else it returns false.
 
@@ -781,7 +787,7 @@ Furthermore, for integers, similarly:
 
 
        cl_boolean isqrt (const type& x, type* root)
 
        
-
+
 x should be >= 0. This function sets *root to
 floor(sqrt(x)) and returns the same value as sqrtp:
 the boolean value (expt(*root,2) == x).
@@ -796,7 +802,7 @@ define the following operation:
 
 
        cl_boolean rootp (const type& x, const cl_I& n, type* root)
 
        
-
+
 x must be >= 0. n must be > 0.
 This tests whether x is an nth power of a rational number.
 If so, it returns true and the exact root in *root, else it returns
@@ -812,7 +818,7 @@ for class cl_N:
 
 
        cl_N sqrt (const cl_N& z)
 
        
-
+
 Returns the square root of z, as defined by the formula
 sqrt(z) = exp(log(z)/2). Conversion to a floating-point type
 or to a complex number are done if necessary. The range of the result is the
@@ -824,9 +830,9 @@ The result is an exact number only if z is an exact number.
 
 
 
-
        4.8 Transcendental functions
        
+
        4.8 Transcendental functions
        
 
        
-
+
 
 
 
        
@@ -838,13 +844,13 @@ For example, cos(0) = 1 returns the rational number 1.
 
 
 
-
        4.8.1 Exponential and logarithmic functions
        
+
        4.8.1 Exponential and logarithmic functions
        
 
 
        
 
 
        cl_R exp (const cl_R& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        cl_N exp (const cl_N& x)
 
        
 Returns the exponential function of x. This is e^x where
@@ -853,12 +859,12 @@ is the entire complex plane excluding 0.
 
 
        cl_R ln (const cl_R& x)
 
        
-
+
 x must be > 0. Returns the (natural) logarithm of x.
 
 
        cl_N log (const cl_N& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns the (natural) logarithm of x. If x is real and positive,
 this is ln(x). In general, log(x) = log(abs(x)) + i*phase(x).
 The range of the result is the strip in the complex plane
@@ -866,7 +872,7 @@ The range of the result is the strip in the complex plane
 
 
        cl_R phase (const cl_N& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns the angle part of x in its polar representation as a
 complex number. That is, phase(x) = atan(realpart(x),imagpart(x)).
 This is also the imaginary part of log(x).
@@ -888,7 +894,7 @@ Returns the logarithm of a with respect to base b.
 
 
        cl_N expt (const cl_N& x, const cl_N& y)
 
        
-
+
 Exponentiation: Returns x^y = exp(y*log(x)).
 
        
 
@@ -900,7 +906,7 @@ The constant e = exp(1) = 2.71828... is returned by the following functions:
 
 
        cl_F cl_exp1 (cl_float_format_t f)
 
        
-
+
 Returns e as a float of format f.
 
 
        cl_F cl_exp1 (const cl_F& y)
@@ -914,13 +920,13 @@ Returns e as a float of format cl_default_float_format.
 
 
 
-
        4.8.2 Trigonometric functions
        
+
        4.8.2 Trigonometric functions
        
 
 
        
 
 
        cl_R sin (const cl_R& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns sin(x). The range of the result is the interval
 -1 <= sin(x) <= 1.
 
@@ -930,7 +936,7 @@ Returns sin(z). The range of the result is the entire complex plane
 
 
        cl_R cos (const cl_R& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns cos(x). The range of the result is the interval
 -1 <= cos(x) <= 1.
 
@@ -940,31 +946,31 @@ Returns cos(z). The range of the result is the entire complex plane
 
 
        struct cl_cos_sin_t { cl_R cos; cl_R sin; };
 
        
-
+
 
        cl_cos_sin_t cl_cos_sin (const cl_R& x)
 
        
 Returns both sin(x) and cos(x). This is more efficient than
-
+
 computing them separately. The relation cos^2 + sin^2 = 1 will
 hold only approximately.
 
 
        cl_R tan (const cl_R& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        cl_N tan (const cl_N& x)
 
        
 Returns tan(x) = sin(x)/cos(x).
 
 
        cl_N cis (const cl_R& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        cl_N cis (const cl_N& x)
 
        
 Returns exp(i*x). The name `cis' means "cos + i sin", because
 e^(i*x) = cos(x) + i*sin(x).
 
-
-
+
+
 
        cl_N asin (const cl_N& z)
 
        
 Returns arcsin(z). This is defined as
@@ -977,7 +983,7 @@ with realpart = pi/2 and imagpart > 0.
 
 
        cl_N acos (const cl_N& z)
 
        
-
+
 Returns arccos(z). This is defined as
 arccos(z) = pi/2 - arcsin(z) = log(z+i*sqrt(1-z^2))/i
 and satisfies arccos(-z) = pi - arccos(z).
@@ -986,8 +992,8 @@ The range of the result is the strip in the complex domain
 with realpart = 0 and imagpart < 0 and the numbers
 with realpart = pi and imagpart > 0.
 
-
-
+
+
 
        cl_R atan (const cl_R& x, const cl_R& y)
 
        
 Returns the angle of the polar representation of the complex number
@@ -1016,8 +1022,8 @@ with realpart = pi/2 and imagpart <= 0.
 
        
 
 
        
-
-
+
+
 Archimedes' constant pi = 3.14... is returned by the following functions:
 
 
@@ -1025,7 +1031,7 @@ Archimedes' constant pi = 3.14... is returned by the following functions:
 
 
        cl_F cl_pi (cl_float_format_t f)
 
        
-
+
 Returns pi as a float of format f.
 
 
        cl_F cl_pi (const cl_F& y)
@@ -1039,13 +1045,13 @@ Returns pi as a float of format cl_default_float_format.
 
 
 
-
        4.8.3 Hyperbolic functions
        
+
        4.8.3 Hyperbolic functions
        
 
 
        
 
 
        cl_R sinh (const cl_R& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns sinh(x).
 
 
        cl_N sinh (const cl_N& z)
@@ -1054,7 +1060,7 @@ Returns sinh(z). The range of the result is the entire complex plan
 
 
        cl_R cosh (const cl_R& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns cosh(x). The range of the result is the interval
 cosh(x) >= 1.
 
@@ -1064,24 +1070,24 @@ Returns cosh(z). The range of the result is the entire complex plan
 
 
        struct cl_cosh_sinh_t { cl_R cosh; cl_R sinh; };
 
        
-
+
 
        cl_cosh_sinh_t cl_cosh_sinh (const cl_R& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns both sinh(x) and cosh(x). This is more efficient than
 computing them separately. The relation cosh^2 - sinh^2 = 1 will
 hold only approximately.
 
 
        cl_R tanh (const cl_R& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        cl_N tanh (const cl_N& x)
 
        
 Returns tanh(x) = sinh(x)/cosh(x).
 
 
        cl_N asinh (const cl_N& z)
 
        
-
+
 Returns arsinh(z). This is defined as
 arsinh(z) = log(z+sqrt(1+z^2)) and satisfies
 arsinh(-z) = -arsinh(z).
@@ -1092,7 +1098,7 @@ with imagpart = pi/2 and realpart < 0.
 
 
        cl_N acosh (const cl_N& z)
 
        
-
+
 Returns arcosh(z). This is defined as
 arcosh(z) = 2*log(sqrt((z+1)/2)+sqrt((z-1)/2)).
 The range of the result is the half-strip in the complex domain
@@ -1101,7 +1107,7 @@ excluding the numbers with realpart = 0 and -pi < imagpar
 
 
        cl_N atanh (const cl_N& z)
 
        
-
+
 Returns artanh(z). This is defined as
 artanh(z) = (log(1+z)-log(1-z)) / 2 and satisfies
 artanh(-z) = -artanh(z). The range of the result is
@@ -1113,9 +1119,9 @@ with imagpart = pi/2 and realpart >= 0.
 
 
 
-
        4.8.4 Euler gamma
        
+
        4.8.4 Euler gamma
        
 
        
-
+
 
 
 
        
@@ -1126,7 +1132,7 @@ Euler's constant C = 0.577... is returned by the following functions:
 
 
        cl_F cl_eulerconst (cl_float_format_t f)
 
        
-
+
 Returns Euler's constant as a float of format f.
 
 
        cl_F cl_eulerconst (const cl_F& y)
@@ -1140,14 +1146,14 @@ Returns Euler's constant as a float of format cl_default_float_format
 Catalan's constant G = 0.915... is returned by the following functions:
-
+
 
 
 
        
 
 
        cl_F cl_catalanconst (cl_float_format_t f)
 
        
-
+
 Returns Catalan's constant as a float of format f.
 
 
        cl_F cl_catalanconst (const cl_F& y)
@@ -1161,9 +1167,9 @@ Returns Catalan's constant as a float of format cl_default_float_format4.8.5 Riemann zeta
+
        4.8.5 Riemann zeta
        
 
        
-
+
 
 
 
        
@@ -1175,7 +1181,7 @@ following functions:
 
 
        cl_F cl_zeta (int s, cl_float_format_t f)
 
        
-
+
 Returns Riemann's zeta function at s as a float of format f.
 
 
        cl_F cl_zeta (int s, const cl_F& y)
@@ -1190,11 +1196,11 @@ Returns Riemann's zeta function at s as a float of format
 
 
 
-
        4.9 Functions on integers
        
+
        4.9 Functions on integers
        
 
 
 
-
        4.9.1 Logical functions
        
+
        4.9.1 Logical functions
        
 
 
        
 Integers, when viewed as in two's complement notation, can be thought as
@@ -1215,69 +1221,69 @@ on each of the bit positions in parallel.
 
 
        cl_I lognot (const cl_I& x)
 
        
-
+
 
        cl_I operator ~ (const cl_I& x)
 
        
-
+
 Logical not, like ~x in C. This is the same as -1-x.
 
 
        cl_I logand (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 
        cl_I operator & (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 Logical and, like x & y in C.
 
 
        cl_I logior (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 
        cl_I operator | (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 Logical (inclusive) or, like x | y in C.
 
 
        cl_I logxor (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 
        cl_I operator ^ (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 Exclusive or, like x ^ y in C.
 
 
        cl_I logeqv (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 Bitwise equivalence, like ~(x ^ y) in C.
 
 
        cl_I lognand (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 Bitwise not and, like ~(x & y) in C.
 
 
        cl_I lognor (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 Bitwise not or, like ~(x | y) in C.
 
 
        cl_I logandc1 (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 Logical and, complementing the first argument, like ~x & y in C.
 
 
        cl_I logandc2 (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 Logical and, complementing the second argument, like x & ~y in C.
 
 
        cl_I logorc1 (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 Logical or, complementing the first argument, like ~x | y in C.
 
 
        cl_I logorc2 (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 Logical or, complementing the second argument, like x | ~y in C.
 
        
 
@@ -1287,7 +1293,7 @@ These operations are all available though the function
 
 
        cl_I boole (cl_boole op, const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 
        
 
        
 where op must have one of the 16 values (each one stands for a function
@@ -1296,13 +1302,6 @@ which combines two bits into one bit): boole_clr, boole_setboole_and, boole_ior, boole_xor, boole_eqv,
 boole_nand, boole_nor, boole_andc1, boole_andc2,
 boole_orc1, boole_orc2.
-
-
-
-
-
-
-
 
 
 
@@ -1311,6 +1310,13 @@ which combines two bits into one bit): boole_clr, boole_set
 
 
+
+
+
+
+
+
+
 
 
 
        
@@ -1321,19 +1327,19 @@ Other functions that view integers as bit strings:
 
 
        cl_boolean logtest (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
 
        
-
+
 Returns true if some bit is set in both x and y, i.e. if
 logand(x,y) != 0.
 
 
        cl_boolean logbitp (const cl_I& n, const cl_I& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns true if the nth bit (from the right) of x is set.
 Bit 0 is the least significant bit.
 
 
        uintL logcount (const cl_I& x)
 
        
-
+
 Returns the number of one bits in x, if x >= 0, or
 the number of zero bits in x, if x < 0.
 
@@ -1347,7 +1353,7 @@ struct cl_byte { uintL size; uintL position; };

        - + represents the bit interval containing the bits position...position+size-1 of an integer. The constructor cl_byte(size,position) constructs a cl_byte. @@ -1357,19 +1363,19 @@ The constructor cl_byte(size,position) constructs a cl_bytecl_I ldb (const cl_I& n, const cl_byte& b)

        - + extracts the bits of n described by the bit interval b and returns them as a nonnegative integer with b.size bits.
        cl_boolean ldb_test (const cl_I& n, const cl_byte& b)
        - + Returns true if some bit described by the bit interval b is set in n.
        cl_I dpb (const cl_I& newbyte, const cl_I& n, const cl_byte& b)
        - + Returns n, with the bits described by the bit interval b replaced by newbyte. Only the lowest b.size bits of newbyte are relevant. @@ -1384,13 +1390,13 @@ functions are their counterparts without shifting:
        cl_I mask_field (const cl_I& n, const cl_byte& b)
        - + returns an integer with the bits described by the bit interval b copied from the corresponding bits in n, the other bits zero.
        cl_I deposit_field (const cl_I& newbyte, const cl_I& n, const cl_byte& b)
        - + returns an integer where the bits described by the bit interval b come from newbyte and the other bits come from n. @@ -1421,39 +1427,39 @@ for common arithmetic operations:
        cl_boolean oddp (const cl_I& x)
        - + Returns true if the least significant bit of x is 1. Equivalent to mod(x,2) != 0.
        cl_boolean evenp (const cl_I& x)
        - + Returns true if the least significant bit of x is 0. Equivalent to mod(x,2) == 0.
        cl_I operator << (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& n)
        - + Shifts x by n bits to the left. n should be >=0. Equivalent to x * expt(2,n).
        cl_I operator >> (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& n)
        - + Shifts x by n bits to the right. n should be >=0. Bits shifted out to the right are thrown away. Equivalent to floor(x / expt(2,n)).
        cl_I ash (const cl_I& x, const cl_I& y)
        - + Shifts x by y bits to the left (if y>=0) or by -y bits to the right (if y<=0). In other words, this returns floor(x * expt(2,y)).
        uintL integer_length (const cl_I& x)
        - + Returns the number of bits (excluding the sign bit) needed to represent x in two's complement notation. This is the smallest n >= 0 such that -2^n <= x < 2^n. If x > 0, this is the unique n > 0 such that @@ -1461,14 +1467,14 @@ in two's complement notation. This is the smallest n >= 0 such that
        uintL ord2 (const cl_I& x)
        - + x must be non-zero. This function returns the number of 0 bits at the right of x in two's complement notation. This is the largest n >= 0 such that 2^n divides x.
        uintL power2p (const cl_I& x)
        - + x must be > 0. This function checks whether x is a power of 2. If x = 2^(n-1), it returns n. Else it returns 0. (See also the function logp.) @@ -1476,13 +1482,13 @@ If x = 2^(n-1), it returns n. Else it returns 0. -

        4.9.2 Number theoretic functions

        +

        4.9.2 Number theoretic functions

        uint32 gcd (uint32 a, uint32 b)
        - +
        cl_I gcd (const cl_I& a, const cl_I& b)
        This function returns the greatest common divisor of a and b, @@ -1490,7 +1496,7 @@ normalized to be >= 0.
        cl_I xgcd (const cl_I& a, const cl_I& b, cl_I* u, cl_I* v)
        - + This function ("extended gcd") returns the greatest common divisor g of a and b and at the same time the representation of g as an integral linear combination of a and b: @@ -1502,13 +1508,13 @@ value, in the following sense: If a and b are non-zero
        cl_I lcm (const cl_I& a, const cl_I& b)
        - + This function returns the least common multiple of a and b, normalized to be >= 0.
        cl_boolean logp (const cl_I& a, const cl_I& b, cl_RA* l)
        - +
        cl_boolean logp (const cl_RA& a, const cl_RA& b, cl_RA* l)
        a must be > 0. b must be >0 and != 1. If log(a,b) is @@ -1518,26 +1524,26 @@ it returns false. -

        4.9.3 Combinatorial functions

        +

        4.9.3 Combinatorial functions

        cl_I factorial (uintL n)
        - + n must be a small integer >= 0. This function returns the factorial n! = 1*2*...*n.
        cl_I doublefactorial (uintL n)
        - + n must be a small integer >= 0. This function returns the doublefactorial n!! = 1*3*...*n or n!! = 2*4*...*n, respectively.
        cl_I binomial (uintL n, uintL k)
        - + n and k must be small integers >= 0. This function returns the binomial coefficient (n choose k) = n! / k! (n-k)! @@ -1546,7 +1552,7 @@ for 0 <= k <= n, 0 else. -

        4.10 Functions on floating-point numbers

        +

        4.10 Functions on floating-point numbers

        Recall that a floating-point number consists of a sign s, an @@ -1564,7 +1570,7 @@ defines the following operations.

        type scale_float (const type& x, sintL delta)
        - +
        type scale_float (const type& x, const cl_I& delta)
        Returns x*2^delta. This is more efficient than an explicit multiplication @@ -1580,32 +1586,32 @@ representation of floating-point numbers.
        sintL float_exponent (const type& x)
        - + Returns the exponent e of x. For x = 0.0, this is 0. For x non-zero, this is the unique integer with 2^(e-1) <= abs(x) < 2^e.
        sintL float_radix (const type& x)
        - + Returns the base of the floating-point representation. This is always 2.
        type float_sign (const type& x)
        - + Returns the sign s of x as a float. The value is 1 for x >= 0, -1 for x < 0.
        uintL float_digits (const type& x)
        - + Returns the number of mantissa bits in the floating-point representation of x, including the hidden bit. The value only depends on the type of x, not on its value.
        uintL float_precision (const type& x)
        - + Returns the number of significant mantissa bits in the floating-point representation of x. Since denormalized numbers are not supported, this is the same as float_digits(x) if x is non-zero, and @@ -1614,11 +1620,11 @@ this is the same as float_digits(x) if x is non-zero,

        The complete internal representation of a float is encoded in the type - - - - - + + + + + cl_decoded_float (or cl_decoded_sfloat, cl_decoded_ffloat, cl_decoded_dfloat, cl_decoded_lfloat, respectively), defined by @@ -1636,7 +1642,7 @@ and returned by the function

        cl_decoded_typefloat decode_float (const type& x)
        - + For x non-zero, this returns (-1)^s, e, m with x = (-1)^s * 2^e * m and 0.5 <= m < 1.0. For x = 0, it returns (-1)^s=1, e=0, m=0. @@ -1647,7 +1653,7 @@ it returns (-1)^s=1, e=0, m=0. A complete decoding in terms of integers is provided as type 
        -struct cl_idecoded_float {
+struct cl_idecoded_float {
         cl_I mantissa; cl_I exponent; cl_I sign;
 };
        @@ -1660,7 +1666,7 @@ by the following function:
        cl_idecoded_float integer_decode_float (const type& x)
        - + For x non-zero, this returns (-1)^s, e, m with x = (-1)^s * 2^e * m and m an integer with float_digits(x) bits. For x = 0, it returns (-1)^s=1, e=0, m=0. @@ -1676,7 +1682,7 @@ Some other function, implemented only for class cl_F:
        cl_F float_sign (const cl_F& x, const cl_F& y)
        - + This returns a floating point number whose precision and absolute value is that of y and whose sign is that of x. If x is zero, it is treated as positive. Same for y. @@ -1684,24 +1690,25 @@ zero, it is treated as positive. Same for y. -

        4.11 Conversion functions

        +

        4.11 Conversion functions

        - + -

        4.11.1 Conversion to floating-point numbers

        +

        4.11.1 Conversion to floating-point numbers

        The type cl_float_format_t describes a floating-point format. +

        cl_float_format_t cl_float_format (uintL n)
        - + Returns the smallest float format which guarantees at least n decimal digits in the mantissa (after the decimal point). @@ -1711,7 +1718,7 @@ Returns the floating point format of x.
        cl_float_format_t cl_default_float_format
        - + Global variable: the default float format used when converting rational numbers to floats.
        @@ -1727,7 +1734,7 @@ defines the following operations:
        cl_F cl_float (const type&x, cl_float_format_t f)
        - + Returns x as a float of format f.
        cl_F cl_float (const type&x, const cl_F& y)
        @@ -1750,40 +1757,40 @@ Every floating-point format has some characteristic numbers:
        cl_F most_positive_float (cl_float_format_t f)
        - + Returns the largest (most positive) floating point number in float format f.
        cl_F most_negative_float (cl_float_format_t f)
        - + Returns the smallest (most negative) floating point number in float format f.
        cl_F least_positive_float (cl_float_format_t f)
        - + Returns the least positive floating point number (i.e. > 0 but closest to 0) in float format f.
        cl_F least_negative_float (cl_float_format_t f)
        - + Returns the least negative floating point number (i.e. < 0 but closest to 0) in float format f.
        cl_F float_epsilon (cl_float_format_t f)
        - + Returns the smallest floating point number e > 0 such that 1+e != 1.
        cl_F float_negative_epsilon (cl_float_format_t f)
        - + Returns the smallest floating point number e > 0 such that 1-e != 1.
        -

        4.11.2 Conversion to rational numbers

        +

        4.11.2 Conversion to rational numbers

        Each of the classes cl_R, cl_RA, cl_F @@ -1794,7 +1801,7 @@ defines the following operation:

        cl_RA rational (const type& x)
        - + Returns the value of x as an exact number. If x is already an exact number, this is x. If x is a floating-point number, the value is a rational number whose denominator is a power of 2. @@ -1809,7 +1816,7 @@ the function
        cl_RA rationalize (const cl_R& x)
        - + If x is a floating-point number, it actually represents an interval of real numbers, and this function returns the rational number with smallest denominator (and smallest numerator, in magnitude) @@ -1833,7 +1840,7 @@ If x is any float, one has -

        4.12 Random number generators

        +

        4.12 Random number generators

        A random generator is a machine which produces (pseudo-)random numbers. @@ -1851,7 +1858,8 @@ a complicated but deterministic way.

        The global variable - + + 

         cl_random_state cl_default_random_state
@@ -1868,14 +1876,14 @@ below are called without cl_random_state argument.
 
        
 
        uint32 random32 ()
 
        
-
+
 Returns a random unsigned 32-bit number. All bits are equally random.
 
 
        cl_I random_I (cl_random_state& randomstate, const cl_I& n)
 
        
 
        cl_I random_I (const cl_I& n)
 
        
-
+
 n must be an integer > 0. This function returns a random integer x
 in the range 0 <= x < n.
 
@@ -1883,7 +1891,7 @@ in the range 0 <= x < n.
 
        
 
        cl_F random_F (const cl_F& n)
 
        
-
+
 n must be a float > 0. This function returns a random floating-point
 number of the same format as n in the range 0 <= x < n.
 
@@ -1891,16 +1899,16 @@ number of the same format as n in the range 0 <= x <
 
        
 
        cl_R random_R (const cl_R& n)
 
        
-
+
 Behaves like random_I if n is an integer and like random_F
 if n is a float.
        -

        4.13 Obfuscating operators

        +

        4.13 Obfuscating operators

        - +

        @@ -1916,7 +1924,7 @@ to get happy, then add

        - + to the beginning of your source files, before the inclusion of any CLN include files. This flag will enable the following operators: @@ -1930,16 +1938,16 @@ For the classes cl_N, cl_R, cl_RA,

        type& operator += (type&, const type&)
        - +
        type& operator -= (type&, const type&)
        - +
        type& operator *= (type&, const type&)
        - +
        type& operator /= (type&, const type&)
        - +

        @@ -1956,19 +1964,19 @@ For the class cl_I:

        type& operator &= (type&, const type&)
        - +
        type& operator |= (type&, const type&)
        - +
        type& operator ^= (type&, const type&)
        - +
        type& operator <<= (type&, const type&)
        - +
        type& operator >>= (type&, const type&)
        - +

        @@ -1980,7 +1988,7 @@ For the classes cl_N, cl_R, cl_RA,

        type& operator ++ (type& x)
        - + The prefix operator ++x.
        void operator ++ (type& x, int) @@ -1989,7 +1997,7 @@ The postfix operator x++.
        type& operator -- (type& x)
        - + The prefix operator --x.
        void operator -- (type& x, int) diff --git a/doc/cln_5.html b/doc/cln_5.html index 7f83961..32c6e79 100644 --- a/doc/cln_5.html +++ b/doc/cln_5.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - + CLN, a Class Library for Numbers - 5. Input/Output @@ -9,16 +9,16 @@ Go to the first, previous,

        -

        5. Input/Output

        +

        5. Input/Output

        - + -

        5.1 Internal and printed representation

        +

        5.1 Internal and printed representation

        - +

        @@ -33,9 +33,9 @@ Several external representations may denote the same number, for example,

        Converting an internal to an external representation is called "printing", - + converting an external to an internal representation is called "reading". - + In CLN, it is always true that conversion of an internal to an external representation and then back to an internal representation will yield the same internal representation. Symbolically: read(print(x)) == x. @@ -115,7 +115,7 @@ In Common Lisp notation: #C(realpart imagpart)5.2 Input functions +

        5.2 Input functions

        Including <cl_io.h> defines a type cl_istream, which is @@ -267,7 +267,7 @@ precision corresponding to their number of significant digits. -

        5.3 Output functions

        +

        5.3 Output functions

        Including <cl_io.h> defines a type cl_ostream, which is diff --git a/doc/cln_6.html b/doc/cln_6.html index 4ccf7aa..e75c4a4 100644 --- a/doc/cln_6.html +++ b/doc/cln_6.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - + CLN, a Class Library for Numbers - 6. Rings @@ -9,7 +9,7 @@ Go to the first, previous,

        -

        6. Rings

        +

        6. Rings

        CLN has a class of abstract rings. diff --git a/doc/cln_7.html b/doc/cln_7.html index 007ae5a..b67dd03 100644 --- a/doc/cln_7.html +++ b/doc/cln_7.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - + CLN, a Class Library for Numbers - 7. Modular integers @@ -9,16 +9,16 @@ Go to the first, previous,

        -

        7. Modular integers

        +

        7. Modular integers

        - + -

        7.1 Modular integer rings

        +

        7.1 Modular integer rings

        - +

        @@ -46,6 +46,10 @@ The class of modular integer rings is <cl_modinteger.h> +

        + + +

        and the class of all modular integers (elements of modular integer rings) is @@ -65,11 +69,11 @@ Modular integer rings are constructed using the function

        cl_modint_ring cl_find_modint_ring (const cl_I& N)
        - + This function returns the modular ring `Z/NZ'. It takes care of finding out about special cases of N, like powers of two and odd numbers for which Montgomery multiplication will be a win, - + and precomputes any necessary auxiliary data for computing modulo N. There is a cache table of rings, indexed by N (or, more precisely, by abs(N)). This ensures that the precomputation costs are reduced @@ -84,10 +88,10 @@ Modular integer rings can be compared for equality:
        bool operator== (const cl_modint_ring&, const cl_modint_ring&)
        - +
        bool operator!= (const cl_modint_ring&, const cl_modint_ring&)
        - + These compare two modular integer rings for equality. Two different calls to cl_find_modint_ring with the same argument necessarily return the same ring because it is memoized in the cache table. @@ -95,7 +99,7 @@ same ring because it is memoized in the cache table. -

        7.2 Functions on modular integers

        +

        7.2 Functions on modular integers

        Given a modular integer ring R, the following members can be used. @@ -105,27 +109,27 @@ Given a modular integer ring R, the following members can be used.

        cl_I R->modulus
        - + This is the ring's modulus, normalized to be nonnegative: abs(N).
        cl_MI R->zero()
        - + This returns 0 mod N.
        cl_MI R->one()
        - + This returns 1 mod N.
        cl_MI R->canonhom (const cl_I& x)
        - + This returns x mod N.
        cl_I R->retract (const cl_MI& x)
        - + This is a partial inverse function to R->canonhom. It returns the standard representative (>=0, <N) of x. @@ -133,7 +137,7 @@ standard representative (>=0, <N) of x
        cl_MI R->random()
        - + This returns a random integer modulo N. @@ -145,18 +149,18 @@ The following operations are defined on modular integers.
        cl_modint_ring x.ring ()
        - + Returns the ring to which the modular integer x belongs.
        cl_MI operator+ (const cl_MI&, const cl_MI&)
        - + Returns the sum of two modular integers. One of the arguments may also be a plain integer.
        cl_MI operator- (const cl_MI&, const cl_MI&)
        - + Returns the difference of two modular integers. One of the arguments may also be a plain integer. @@ -166,61 +170,61 @@ Returns the negative of a modular integer.
        cl_MI operator* (const cl_MI&, const cl_MI&)
        - + Returns the product of two modular integers. One of the arguments may also be a plain integer.
        cl_MI square (const cl_MI&)
        - + Returns the square of a modular integer.
        cl_MI recip (const cl_MI& x)
        - + Returns the reciprocal x^-1 of a modular integer x. x must be coprime to the modulus, otherwise an error message is issued.
        cl_MI div (const cl_MI& x, const cl_MI& y)
        - + Returns the quotient x*y^-1 of two modular integers x, y. y must be coprime to the modulus, otherwise an error message is issued.
        cl_MI expt_pos (const cl_MI& x, const cl_I& y)
        - + y must be > 0. Returns x^y.
        cl_MI expt (const cl_MI& x, const cl_I& y)
        - + Returns x^y. If y is negative, x must be coprime to the modulus, else an error message is issued.
        cl_MI operator<< (const cl_MI& x, const cl_I& y)
        - + Returns x*2^y.
        cl_MI operator>> (const cl_MI& x, const cl_I& y)
        - + Returns x*2^-y. When y is positive, the modulus must be odd, or an error message is issued.
        bool operator== (const cl_MI&, const cl_MI&)
        - +
        bool operator!= (const cl_MI&, const cl_MI&)
        - + Compares two modular integers, belonging to the same modular integer ring, for equality.
        cl_boolean zerop (const cl_MI& x)
        - + Returns true if x is 0 mod N. @@ -233,10 +237,10 @@ input/output).
        void fprint (cl_ostream stream, const cl_MI& x)
        - +
        cl_ostream operator<< (cl_ostream stream, const cl_MI& x)
        - + Prints the modular integer x on the stream. The output may depend on the global printer settings in the variable cl_default_print_flags. diff --git a/doc/cln_8.html b/doc/cln_8.html index 3dd2018..c46c223 100644 --- a/doc/cln_8.html +++ b/doc/cln_8.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - + CLN, a Class Library for Numbers - 8. Symbolic data types @@ -9,9 +9,9 @@ Go to the first, previous,

        -

        8. Symbolic data types

        +

        8. Symbolic data types

        - +

        @@ -20,9 +20,9 @@ CLN implements two symbolic (non-numeric) data types: strings and symbols. -

        8.1 Strings

        +

        8.1 Strings

        - +

        @@ -48,7 +48,7 @@ Strings are constructed through the following constructors:

        cl_string (const char * s)
        - + Returns an immutable copy of the (zero-terminated) C string s.
        cl_string (const char * ptr, unsigned long len) @@ -69,30 +69,30 @@ Assignment from cl_string and const char *.
        s.length()
        - +
        strlen(s)
        - + Returns the length of the string s.
        s[i]
        - + Returns the ith character of the string s. i must be in the range 0 <= i < s.length().
        bool equal (const cl_string& s1, const cl_string& s2)
        - + Compares two strings for equality. One of the arguments may also be a plain const char *. -

        8.2 Symbols

        +

        8.2 Symbols

        - +

        @@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ Symbols are constructed through the following constructor:

        cl_symbol (const cl_string& s)
        - + Looks up or creates a new symbol with a given name. @@ -129,7 +129,7 @@ Conversion to cl_string: Returns the string which names the symbol
        bool equal (const cl_symbol& sym1, const cl_symbol& sym2)
        - + Compares two symbols for equality. This is very fast. diff --git a/doc/cln_9.html b/doc/cln_9.html index 08c8bfe..f11c049 100644 --- a/doc/cln_9.html +++ b/doc/cln_9.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - + CLN, a Class Library for Numbers - 9. Univariate polynomials @@ -9,15 +9,15 @@ Go to the first, previous,

        -

        9. Univariate polynomials

        +

        9. Univariate polynomials

        - - + + -

        9.1 Univariate polynomial rings

        +

        9.1 Univariate polynomial rings

        CLN implements univariate polynomials (polynomials in one variable) over an @@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ return the same polynomial ring.

        cl_univpoly_complex_ring cl_find_univpoly_ring (const cl_complex_ring& R)
        - +
        cl_univpoly_complex_ring cl_find_univpoly_ring (const cl_complex_ring& R, const cl_symbol& varname)
        cl_univpoly_real_ring cl_find_univpoly_ring (const cl_real_ring& R) @@ -150,7 +150,7 @@ only the return type is more specific, according to the base ring's type. -

        9.2 Functions on univariate polynomials

        +

        9.2 Functions on univariate polynomials

        Given a univariate polynomial ring R, the following members can be used. @@ -160,33 +160,33 @@ Given a univariate polynomial ring R, the following members can be

        cl_ring R->basering()
        - + This returns the base ring, as passed to `cl_find_univpoly_ring'.
        cl_UP R->zero()
        - + This returns 0 in R, a polynomial of degree -1.
        cl_UP R->one()
        - + This returns 1 in R, a polynomial of degree <= 0.
        cl_UP R->canonhom (const cl_I& x)
        - + This returns x in R, a polynomial of degree <= 0.
        cl_UP R->monomial (const cl_ring_element& x, uintL e)
        - + This returns a sparse polynomial: x * X^e, where X is the indeterminate.
        cl_UP R->create (sintL degree)
        - + Creates a new polynomial with a given degree. The zero polynomial has degree -1. After creating the polynomial, you should put in the coefficients, using the set_coeff member function, and then call the finalize @@ -201,14 +201,14 @@ The following are the only destructive operations on univariate polynomials.
        void set_coeff (cl_UP& x, uintL index, const cl_ring_element& y)
        - + This changes the coefficient of X^index in x to be y. After changing a polynomial and before applying any "normal" operation on it, you should call its finalize member function.
        void finalize (cl_UP& x)
        - + This function marks the endpoint of destructive modifications of a polynomial. It normalizes the internal representation so that subsequent computations have less overhead. Doing normal computations on unnormalized polynomials may @@ -223,17 +223,17 @@ The following operations are defined on univariate polynomials.
        cl_univpoly_ring x.ring ()
        - + Returns the ring to which the univariate polynomial x belongs.
        cl_UP operator+ (const cl_UP&, const cl_UP&)
        - + Returns the sum of two univariate polynomials.
        cl_UP operator- (const cl_UP&, const cl_UP&)
        - + Returns the difference of two univariate polynomials.
        cl_UP operator- (const cl_UP&) @@ -242,54 +242,54 @@ Returns the negative of a univariate polynomial.
        cl_UP operator* (const cl_UP&, const cl_UP&)
        - + Returns the product of two univariate polynomials. One of the arguments may also be a plain integer or an element of the base ring.
        cl_UP square (const cl_UP&)
        - + Returns the square of a univariate polynomial.
        cl_UP expt_pos (const cl_UP& x, const cl_I& y)
        - + y must be > 0. Returns x^y.
        bool operator== (const cl_UP&, const cl_UP&)
        - +
        bool operator!= (const cl_UP&, const cl_UP&)
        - + Compares two univariate polynomials, belonging to the same univariate polynomial ring, for equality.
        cl_boolean zerop (const cl_UP& x)
        - + Returns true if x is 0 in R.
        sintL degree (const cl_UP& x)
        - + Returns the degree of the polynomial. The zero polynomial has degree -1.
        cl_ring_element coeff (const cl_UP& x, uintL index)
        - + Returns the coefficient of X^index in the polynomial x.
        cl_ring_element x (const cl_ring_element& y)
        - + Evaluation: If x is a polynomial and y belongs to the base ring, then `x(y)' returns the value of the substitution of y into x.
        cl_UP deriv (const cl_UP& x)
        - + Returns the derivative of the polynomial x with respect to the indeterminate X. @@ -303,10 +303,10 @@ input/output).
        void fprint (cl_ostream stream, const cl_UP& x)
        - +
        cl_ostream operator<< (cl_ostream stream, const cl_UP& x)
        - + Prints the univariate polynomial x on the stream. The output may depend on the global printer settings in the variable cl_default_print_flags. @@ -314,7 +314,7 @@ depend on the global printer settings in the variable -

        9.3 Special polynomials

        +

        9.3 Special polynomials

        The following functions return special polynomials. @@ -324,26 +324,26 @@ The following functions return special polynomials.

        cl_UP_I cl_tschebychev (sintL n)
        - - + + Returns the n-th Tchebychev polynomial (n >= 0).
        cl_UP_I cl_hermite (sintL n)
        - - + + Returns the n-th Hermite polynomial (n >= 0).
        cl_UP_RA cl_legendre (sintL n)
        - - + + Returns the n-th Legendre polynomial (n >= 0).
        cl_UP_I cl_laguerre (sintL n)
        - - + + Returns the n-th Laguerre polynomial (n >= 0). diff --git a/doc/cln_toc.html b/doc/cln_toc.html index 5dd7415..73d2e87 100644 --- a/doc/cln_toc.html +++ b/doc/cln_toc.html @@ -1,6 +1,6 @@ - + CLN, a Class Library for Numbers - Table of Contents @@ -20,102 +20,105 @@
      • 2.1.3 Sed utility
    • 2.2 Building the library -
    • 2.3 Installing the library -
    • 2.4 Cleaning up + +
    • 2.3 Installing the library +
    • 2.4 Cleaning up
    -
  • 3. Ordinary number types +
  • 3. Ordinary number types -
  • 4. Functions on numbers +
  • 4. Functions on numbers -
  • 5. Input/Output +
  • 5. Input/Output -
  • 6. Rings -
  • 7. Modular integers +
  • 6. Rings +
  • 7. Modular integers -
  • 8. Symbolic data types +
  • 8. Symbolic data types -
  • 9. Univariate polynomials +
  • 9. Univariate polynomials -
  • 10. Internals +
  • 10. Internals -
  • 11. Using the library +
  • 11. Using the library -
  • 12. Customizing +
  • 12. Customizing -
  • Index +
  • Index

    -This document was generated on 4 May 2000 using +This document was generated on 5 May 2000 using texi2html 1.56k. diff --git a/doc/texinfo.tex b/doc/texinfo.tex index 75b7f23..5d0f53c 100644 --- a/doc/texinfo.tex +++ b/doc/texinfo.tex @@ -1,78 +1,90 @@ -%% TeX macros to handle texinfo files - -% Copyright (C) 1985, 86, 88, 90, 91, 92, 93, -% 94, 95, 1996 Free Software Foundation, Inc. - -%This texinfo.tex file is free software; you can redistribute it and/or -%modify it under the terms of the GNU General Public License as -%published by the Free Software Foundation; either version 2, or (at -%your option) any later version. - -%This texinfo.tex file is distributed in the hope that it will be -%useful, but WITHOUT ANY WARRANTY; without even the implied warranty -%of MERCHANTABILITY or FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE. 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Help stamp out software-hoarding! +% +% Please try the latest version of texinfo.tex before submitting bug +% reports; you can get the latest version from: +% ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/texinfo.tex +% (and all GNU mirrors, see http://www.gnu.org/order/ftp.html) +% ftp://texinfo.org/tex/texinfo.tex +% ftp://us.ctan.org/macros/texinfo/texinfo.tex +% (and all CTAN mirrors, finger ctan@us.ctan.org for a list). +% /home/gd/gnu/doc/texinfo.tex on the GNU machines. +% The texinfo.tex in any given Texinfo distribution could well be out +% of date, so if that's what you're using, please check. +% Texinfo has a small home page at http://texinfo.org/. +% +% Send bug reports to bug-texinfo@gnu.org. Please include including a +% complete document in each bug report with which we can reproduce the +% problem. Patches are, of course, greatly appreciated. +% +% To process a Texinfo manual with TeX, it's most reliable to use the +% texi2dvi shell script that comes with the distribution. For a simple +% manual foo.texi, however, you can get away with this: +% tex foo.texi +% texindex foo.?? +% tex foo.texi +% tex foo.texi +% dvips foo.dvi -o # or whatever, to process the dvi file; this makes foo.ps. +% The extra runs of TeX get the cross-reference information correct. +% Sometimes one run after texindex suffices, and sometimes you need more +% than two; texi2dvi does it as many times as necessary. +% +% It is possible to adapt texinfo.tex for other languages. You can get +% the existing language-specific files from ftp://ftp.gnu.org/gnu/texinfo/. -% This automatically updates the version number based on RCS. -\def\deftexinfoversion$#1: #2 ${\def\texinfoversion{#2}} -\deftexinfoversion$Revision: 1.1 $ -\message{Loading texinfo package [Version \texinfoversion]:} +\message{Loading texinfo [version \texinfoversion]:} % If in a .fmt file, print the version number % and turn on active characters that we couldn't do earlier because % they might have appeared in the input file name. -\everyjob{\message{[Texinfo version \texinfoversion]}\message{} +\everyjob{\message{[Texinfo version \texinfoversion]}% \catcode`+=\active \catcode`\_=\active} % Save some parts of plain tex whose names we will redefine. - -\let\ptextilde=\~ -\let\ptexlbrace=\{ -\let\ptexrbrace=\} -\let\ptexdots=\dots -\let\ptexdot=\. -\let\ptexstar=\* -\let\ptexend=\end -\let\ptexbullet=\bullet \let\ptexb=\b +\let\ptexbullet=\bullet \let\ptexc=\c +\let\ptexcomma=\, +\let\ptexdot=\. +\let\ptexdots=\dots +\let\ptexend=\end +\let\ptexequiv=\equiv +\let\ptexexclam=\! \let\ptexi=\i +\let\ptexlbrace=\{ +\let\ptexrbrace=\} +\let\ptexstar=\* \let\ptext=\t -\let\ptexl=\l -\let\ptexL=\L -% Be sure we're in horizontal mode when doing a tie, since we make space -% equivalent to this in @example-like environments. Otherwise, a space -% at the beginning of a line will start with \penalty -- and -% since \penalty is valid in vertical mode, we'd end up putting the -% penalty on the vertical list instead of in the new paragraph. -{\catcode`@ = 11 - % Avoid using \@M directly, because that causes trouble - % if the definition is written into an index file. - \global\let\tiepenalty = \@M - \gdef\tie{\leavevmode\penalty\tiepenalty\ } -} -\let\~ = \tie % And make it available as @~. +% We never want plain's outer \+ definition in Texinfo. +% For @tex, we can use \tabalign. +\let\+ = \relax \message{Basics,} \chardef\other=12 @@ -81,18 +93,47 @@ % starts a new line in the output. \newlinechar = `^^J -% Set up fixed words for English. -\ifx\putwordChapter\undefined{\gdef\putwordChapter{Chapter}}\fi% -\def\putwordInfo{Info}% -\ifx\putwordSee\undefined{\gdef\putwordSee{See}}\fi% -\ifx\putwordsee\undefined{\gdef\putwordsee{see}}\fi% -\ifx\putwordfile\undefined{\gdef\putwordfile{file}}\fi% -\ifx\putwordpage\undefined{\gdef\putwordpage{page}}\fi% -\ifx\putwordsection\undefined{\gdef\putwordsection{section}}\fi% -\ifx\putwordSection\undefined{\gdef\putwordSection{Section}}\fi% -\ifx\putwordTableofContents\undefined{\gdef\putwordTableofContents{Table of Contents}}\fi% -\ifx\putwordShortContents\undefined{\gdef\putwordShortContents{Short Contents}}\fi% -\ifx\putwordAppendix\undefined{\gdef\putwordAppendix{Appendix}}\fi% +% Set up fixed words for English if not already set. +\ifx\putwordAppendix\undefined \gdef\putwordAppendix{Appendix}\fi +\ifx\putwordChapter\undefined \gdef\putwordChapter{Chapter}\fi +\ifx\putwordfile\undefined \gdef\putwordfile{file}\fi +\ifx\putwordin\undefined \gdef\putwordin{in}\fi +\ifx\putwordIndexIsEmpty\undefined \gdef\putwordIndexIsEmpty{(Index is empty)}\fi +\ifx\putwordIndexNonexistent\undefined \gdef\putwordIndexNonexistent{(Index is nonexistent)}\fi +\ifx\putwordInfo\undefined \gdef\putwordInfo{Info}\fi +\ifx\putwordInstanceVariableof\undefined \gdef\putwordInstanceVariableof{Instance Variable of}\fi +\ifx\putwordMethodon\undefined \gdef\putwordMethodon{Method on}\fi +\ifx\putwordNoTitle\undefined \gdef\putwordNoTitle{No Title}\fi +\ifx\putwordof\undefined \gdef\putwordof{of}\fi +\ifx\putwordon\undefined \gdef\putwordon{on}\fi +\ifx\putwordpage\undefined \gdef\putwordpage{page}\fi +\ifx\putwordsection\undefined \gdef\putwordsection{section}\fi +\ifx\putwordSection\undefined \gdef\putwordSection{Section}\fi +\ifx\putwordsee\undefined \gdef\putwordsee{see}\fi +\ifx\putwordSee\undefined \gdef\putwordSee{See}\fi +\ifx\putwordShortTOC\undefined \gdef\putwordShortTOC{Short Contents}\fi +\ifx\putwordTOC\undefined \gdef\putwordTOC{Table of Contents}\fi +% +\ifx\putwordMJan\undefined \gdef\putwordMJan{January}\fi +\ifx\putwordMFeb\undefined \gdef\putwordMFeb{February}\fi +\ifx\putwordMMar\undefined \gdef\putwordMMar{March}\fi +\ifx\putwordMApr\undefined \gdef\putwordMApr{April}\fi +\ifx\putwordMMay\undefined \gdef\putwordMMay{May}\fi +\ifx\putwordMJun\undefined \gdef\putwordMJun{June}\fi +\ifx\putwordMJul\undefined \gdef\putwordMJul{July}\fi +\ifx\putwordMAug\undefined \gdef\putwordMAug{August}\fi +\ifx\putwordMSep\undefined \gdef\putwordMSep{September}\fi +\ifx\putwordMOct\undefined \gdef\putwordMOct{October}\fi +\ifx\putwordMNov\undefined \gdef\putwordMNov{November}\fi +\ifx\putwordMDec\undefined \gdef\putwordMDec{December}\fi +% +\ifx\putwordDefmac\undefined \gdef\putwordDefmac{Macro}\fi +\ifx\putwordDefspec\undefined \gdef\putwordDefspec{Special Form}\fi +\ifx\putwordDefvar\undefined \gdef\putwordDefvar{Variable}\fi +\ifx\putwordDefopt\undefined \gdef\putwordDefopt{User Option}\fi +\ifx\putwordDeftypevar\undefined\gdef\putwordDeftypevar{Variable}\fi +\ifx\putwordDeffunc\undefined \gdef\putwordDeffunc{Function}\fi +\ifx\putwordDeftypefun\undefined\gdef\putwordDeftypefun{Function}\fi % Ignore a token. % @@ -101,89 +142,130 @@ \hyphenation{ap-pen-dix} \hyphenation{mini-buf-fer mini-buf-fers} \hyphenation{eshell} +\hyphenation{white-space} % Margin to add to right of even pages, to left of odd pages. -\newdimen \bindingoffset \bindingoffset=0pt -\newdimen \normaloffset \normaloffset=\hoffset +\newdimen \bindingoffset +\newdimen \normaloffset \newdimen\pagewidth \newdimen\pageheight -\pagewidth=\hsize \pageheight=\vsize % Sometimes it is convenient to have everything in the transcript file % and nothing on the terminal. We don't just call \tracingall here, % since that produces some useless output on the terminal. % \def\gloggingall{\begingroup \globaldefs = 1 \loggingall \endgroup}% +\ifx\eTeXversion\undefined \def\loggingall{\tracingcommands2 \tracingstats2 \tracingpages1 \tracingoutput1 \tracinglostchars1 \tracingmacros2 \tracingparagraphs1 \tracingrestores1 \showboxbreadth\maxdimen\showboxdepth\maxdimen }% +\else +\def\loggingall{\tracingcommands3 \tracingstats2 + \tracingpages1 \tracingoutput1 \tracinglostchars1 + \tracingmacros2 \tracingparagraphs1 \tracingrestores1 + \tracingscantokens1 \tracingassigns1 \tracingifs1 + \tracinggroups1 \tracingnesting2 + \showboxbreadth\maxdimen\showboxdepth\maxdimen +}% +\fi -%---------------------Begin change----------------------- +% For @cropmarks command. +% Do @cropmarks to get crop marks. % -%%%% For @cropmarks command. -% Dimensions to add cropmarks at corners Added by P. A. MacKay, 12 Nov. 1986 +\newif\ifcropmarks +\let\cropmarks = \cropmarkstrue % -\newdimen\cornerlong \newdimen\cornerthick -\newdimen \topandbottommargin -\newdimen \outerhsize \newdimen \outervsize -\cornerlong=1pc\cornerthick=.3pt % These set size of cropmarks -\outerhsize=7in -%\outervsize=9.5in -% Alternative @smallbook page size is 9.25in -\outervsize=9.25in -\topandbottommargin=.75in +% Dimensions to add cropmarks at corners. +% Added by P. A. MacKay, 12 Nov. 1986 % -%---------------------End change----------------------- +\newdimen\outerhsize \newdimen\outervsize % set by the paper size routines +\newdimen\cornerlong \cornerlong=1pc +\newdimen\cornerthick \cornerthick=.3pt +\newdimen\topandbottommargin \topandbottommargin=.75in + +% Main output routine. +\chardef\PAGE = 255 +\output = {\onepageout{\pagecontents\PAGE}} + +\newbox\headlinebox +\newbox\footlinebox % \onepageout takes a vbox as an argument. Note that \pagecontents -% does insertions itself, but you have to call it yourself. -\chardef\PAGE=255 \output={\onepageout{\pagecontents\PAGE}} -\def\onepageout#1{\hoffset=\normaloffset -\ifodd\pageno \advance\hoffset by \bindingoffset -\else \advance\hoffset by -\bindingoffset\fi -{\escapechar=`\\\relax % makes sure backslash is used in output files. -\shipout\vbox{{\let\hsize=\pagewidth \makeheadline} \pagebody{#1}% -{\let\hsize=\pagewidth \makefootline}}}% -\advancepageno \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000 \else\dosupereject\fi} - -%%%% For @cropmarks command %%%% - -% Here is a modification of the main output routine for Near East Publications -% This provides right-angle cropmarks at all four corners. -% The contents of the page are centerlined into the cropmarks, -% and any desired binding offset is added as an \hskip on either -% site of the centerlined box. (P. A. MacKay, 12 November, 1986) -% -\def\croppageout#1{\hoffset=0pt % make sure this doesn't mess things up -{\escapechar=`\\\relax % makes sure backslash is used in output files. - \shipout - \vbox to \outervsize{\hsize=\outerhsize - \vbox{\line{\ewtop\hfill\ewtop}} - \nointerlineskip - \line{\vbox{\moveleft\cornerthick\nstop} - \hfill - \vbox{\moveright\cornerthick\nstop}} - \vskip \topandbottommargin - \centerline{\ifodd\pageno\hskip\bindingoffset\fi - \vbox{ - {\let\hsize=\pagewidth \makeheadline} - \pagebody{#1} - {\let\hsize=\pagewidth \makefootline}} - \ifodd\pageno\else\hskip\bindingoffset\fi} - \vskip \topandbottommargin plus1fill minus1fill - \boxmaxdepth\cornerthick - \line{\vbox{\moveleft\cornerthick\nsbot} - \hfill - \vbox{\moveright\cornerthick\nsbot}} - \nointerlineskip - \vbox{\line{\ewbot\hfill\ewbot}} - }} +% does insertions, but you have to call it yourself. +\def\onepageout#1{% + \ifcropmarks \hoffset=0pt \else \hoffset=\normaloffset \fi + % + \ifodd\pageno \advance\hoffset by \bindingoffset + \else \advance\hoffset by -\bindingoffset\fi + % + % Do this outside of the \shipout so @code etc. will be expanded in + % the headline as they should be, not taken literally (outputting ''code). + \setbox\headlinebox = \vbox{\let\hsize=\pagewidth \makeheadline}% + \setbox\footlinebox = \vbox{\let\hsize=\pagewidth \makefootline}% + % + {% + % Have to do this stuff outside the \shipout because we want it to + % take effect in \write's, yet the group defined by the \vbox ends + % before the \shipout runs. + % + \escapechar = `\\ % use backslash in output files. + \indexdummies % don't expand commands in the output. + \normalturnoffactive % \ in index entries must not stay \, e.g., if + % the page break happens to be in the middle of an example. + \shipout\vbox{% + \ifcropmarks \vbox to \outervsize\bgroup + \hsize = \outerhsize + \vskip-\topandbottommargin + \vtop to0pt{% + \line{\ewtop\hfil\ewtop}% + \nointerlineskip + \line{% + \vbox{\moveleft\cornerthick\nstop}% + \hfill + \vbox{\moveright\cornerthick\nstop}% + }% + \vss}% + \vskip\topandbottommargin + \line\bgroup + \hfil % center the page within the outer (page) hsize. + \ifodd\pageno\hskip\bindingoffset\fi + \vbox\bgroup + \fi + % + \unvbox\headlinebox + \pagebody{#1}% + \ifdim\ht\footlinebox > 0pt + % Only leave this space if the footline is nonempty. + % (We lessened \vsize for it in \oddfootingxxx.) + % The \baselineskip=24pt in plain's \makefootline has no effect. + \vskip 2\baselineskip + \unvbox\footlinebox + \fi + % + \ifpdfmakepagedest \pdfmkdest{\the\pageno} \fi + % + \ifcropmarks + \egroup % end of \vbox\bgroup + \hfil\egroup % end of (centering) \line\bgroup + \vskip\topandbottommargin plus1fill minus1fill + \boxmaxdepth = \cornerthick + \vbox to0pt{\vss + \line{% + \vbox{\moveleft\cornerthick\nsbot}% + \hfill + \vbox{\moveright\cornerthick\nsbot}% + }% + \nointerlineskip + \line{\ewbot\hfil\ewbot}% + }% + \egroup % \vbox from first cropmarks clause + \fi + }% end of \shipout\vbox + }% end of group with \turnoffactive \advancepageno - \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000 \else\dosupereject\fi} -% -% Do @cropmarks to get crop marks -\def\cropmarks{\let\onepageout=\croppageout } + \ifnum\outputpenalty>-20000 \else\dosupereject\fi +} \newinsert\margin \dimen\margin=\maxdimen @@ -198,7 +280,6 @@ \ifr@ggedbottom \kern-\dimen@ \vfil \fi} } -% % Here are the rules for the cropmarks. Note that they are % offset so that the space between them is truly \outerhsize or \outervsize % (P. A. MacKay, 12 November, 1986) @@ -293,11 +374,11 @@ %% Call \inENV within environments (after a \begingroup) \newif\ifENV \ENVfalse \def\inENV{\ifENV\relax\else\ENVtrue\fi} \def\ENVcheck{% -\ifENV\errmessage{Still within an environment. Type Return to continue.} +\ifENV\errmessage{Still within an environment; press RETURN to continue} \endgroup\fi} % This is not perfect, but it should reduce lossage % @begin foo is the same as @foo, for now. -\newhelp\EMsimple{Type to continue.} +\newhelp\EMsimple{Press RETURN to continue.} \outer\def\begin{\parsearg\beginxxx} @@ -356,7 +437,7 @@ % @@ prints an @ % Kludge this until the fonts are right (grr). -\def\@{{\tt \char '100}} +\def\@{{\tt\char64}} % This is turned off because it was never documented % and you can use @w{...} around a quote to suppress ligatures. @@ -366,11 +447,55 @@ %\def\'{{'}} % Used to generate quoted braces. - -\def\mylbrace {{\tt \char '173}} -\def\myrbrace {{\tt \char '175}} +\def\mylbrace {{\tt\char123}} +\def\myrbrace {{\tt\char125}} \let\{=\mylbrace \let\}=\myrbrace +\begingroup + % Definitions to produce actual \{ & \} command in an index. + \catcode`\{ = 12 \catcode`\} = 12 + \catcode`\[ = 1 \catcode`\] = 2 + \catcode`\@ = 0 \catcode`\\ = 12 + @gdef@lbracecmd[\{]% + @gdef@rbracecmd[\}]% +@endgroup + +% Accents: @, @dotaccent @ringaccent @ubaraccent @udotaccent +% Others are defined by plain TeX: @` @' @" @^ @~ @= @v @H. +\let\, = \c +\let\dotaccent = \. +\def\ringaccent#1{{\accent23 #1}} +\let\tieaccent = \t +\let\ubaraccent = \b +\let\udotaccent = \d + +% Other special characters: @questiondown @exclamdown +% Plain TeX defines: @AA @AE @O @OE @L (and lowercase versions) @ss. +\def\questiondown{?`} +\def\exclamdown{!`} + +% Dotless i and dotless j, used for accents. +\def\imacro{i} +\def\jmacro{j} +\def\dotless#1{% + \def\temp{#1}% + \ifx\temp\imacro \ptexi + \else\ifx\temp\jmacro \j + \else \errmessage{@dotless can be used only with i or j}% + \fi\fi +} + +% Be sure we're in horizontal mode when doing a tie, since we make space +% equivalent to this in @example-like environments. Otherwise, a space +% at the beginning of a line will start with \penalty -- and +% since \penalty is valid in vertical mode, we'd end up putting the +% penalty on the vertical list instead of in the new paragraph. +{\catcode`@ = 11 + % Avoid using \@M directly, because that causes trouble + % if the definition is written into an index file. + \global\let\tiepenalty = \@M + \gdef\tie{\leavevmode\penalty\tiepenalty\ } +} % @: forces normal size whitespace following. \def\:{\spacefactor=1000 } @@ -381,14 +506,11 @@ % @. is an end-of-sentence period. \def\.{.\spacefactor=3000 } -% @enddots{} is an end-of-sentence ellipsis. -\gdef\enddots{$\mathinner{\ldotp\ldotp\ldotp\ldotp}$\spacefactor=3000} - % @! is an end-of-sentence bang. -\gdef\!{!\spacefactor=3000 } +\def\!{!\spacefactor=3000 } % @? is an end-of-sentence query. -\gdef\?{?\spacefactor=3000 } +\def\?{?\spacefactor=3000 } % @w prevents a word break. Without the \leavevmode, @w at the % beginning of a paragraph, when TeX is still in vertical mode, would @@ -472,53 +594,81 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} %% This method tries to make TeX break the page naturally %% if the depth of the box does not fit. %{\baselineskip=0pt% -%\vtop to #1\mil{\vfil}\kern -#1\mil\penalty 10000 +%\vtop to #1\mil{\vfil}\kern -#1\mil\nobreak %\prevdepth=-1000pt %}} \def\needx#1{% - % Go into vertical mode, so we don't make a big box in the middle of a + % Ensure vertical mode, so we don't make a big box in the middle of a % paragraph. \par % - % Don't add any leading before our big empty box, but allow a page - % break, since the best break might be right here. - \allowbreak - \nointerlineskip - \vtop to #1\mil{\vfil}% - % - % TeX does not even consider page breaks if a penalty added to the - % main vertical list is 10000 or more. But in order to see if the - % empty box we just added fits on the page, we must make it consider - % page breaks. On the other hand, we don't want to actually break the - % page after the empty box. So we use a penalty of 9999. - % - % There is an extremely small chance that TeX will actually break the - % page at this \penalty, if there are no other feasible breakpoints in - % sight. (If the user is using lots of big @group commands, which - % almost-but-not-quite fill up a page, TeX will have a hard time doing - % good page breaking, for example.) However, I could not construct an - % example where a page broke at this \penalty; if it happens in a real - % document, then we can reconsider our strategy. - \penalty9999 - % - % Back up by the size of the box, whether we did a page break or not. - \kern -#1\mil - % - % Do not allow a page break right after this kern. - \nobreak + % If the @need value is less than one line space, it's useless. + \dimen0 = #1\mil + \dimen2 = \ht\strutbox + \advance\dimen2 by \dp\strutbox + \ifdim\dimen0 > \dimen2 + % + % Do a \strut just to make the height of this box be normal, so the + % normal leading is inserted relative to the preceding line. + % And a page break here is fine. + \vtop to #1\mil{\strut\vfil}% + % + % TeX does not even consider page breaks if a penalty added to the + % main vertical list is 10000 or more. But in order to see if the + % empty box we just added fits on the page, we must make it consider + % page breaks. On the other hand, we don't want to actually break the + % page after the empty box. So we use a penalty of 9999. + % + % There is an extremely small chance that TeX will actually break the + % page at this \penalty, if there are no other feasible breakpoints in + % sight. (If the user is using lots of big @group commands, which + % almost-but-not-quite fill up a page, TeX will have a hard time doing + % good page breaking, for example.) However, I could not construct an + % example where a page broke at this \penalty; if it happens in a real + % document, then we can reconsider our strategy. + \penalty9999 + % + % Back up by the size of the box, whether we did a page break or not. + \kern -#1\mil + % + % Do not allow a page break right after this kern. + \nobreak + \fi } % @br forces paragraph break \let\br = \par -% @dots{} output some dots +% @dots{} output an ellipsis using the current font. +% We do .5em per period so that it has the same spacing in a typewriter +% font as three actual period characters. +% +\def\dots{% + \leavevmode + \hbox to 1.5em{% + \hskip 0pt plus 0.25fil minus 0.25fil + .\hss.\hss.% + \hskip 0pt plus 0.5fil minus 0.5fil + }% +} + +% @enddots{} is an end-of-sentence ellipsis. +% +\def\enddots{% + \leavevmode + \hbox to 2em{% + \hskip 0pt plus 0.25fil minus 0.25fil + .\hss.\hss.\hss.% + \hskip 0pt plus 0.5fil minus 0.5fil + }% + \spacefactor=3000 +} -\def\dots{$\ldots$} % @page forces the start of a new page - +% \def\page{\par\vfill\supereject} % @exdent text.... @@ -579,391 +729,301 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} % @sp n outputs n lines of vertical space \def\sp{\parsearg\spxxx} -\def\spxxx #1{\par \vskip #1\baselineskip} +\def\spxxx #1{\vskip #1\baselineskip} % @comment ...line which is ignored... % @c is the same as @comment % @ignore ... @end ignore is another way to write a comment -\def\comment{\catcode 64=\other \catcode 123=\other \catcode 125=\other% -\parsearg \commentxxx} - -\def\commentxxx #1{\catcode 64=0 \catcode 123=1 \catcode 125=2 } +\def\comment{\begingroup \catcode`\^^M=\other% +\catcode`\@=\other \catcode`\{=\other \catcode`\}=\other% +\commentxxx} +{\catcode`\^^M=\other \gdef\commentxxx#1^^M{\endgroup}} \let\c=\comment -% Prevent errors for section commands. -% Used in @ignore and in failing conditionals. -\def\ignoresections{% -\let\chapter=\relax -\let\unnumbered=\relax -\let\top=\relax -\let\unnumberedsec=\relax -\let\unnumberedsection=\relax -\let\unnumberedsubsec=\relax -\let\unnumberedsubsection=\relax -\let\unnumberedsubsubsec=\relax -\let\unnumberedsubsubsection=\relax -\let\section=\relax -\let\subsec=\relax -\let\subsubsec=\relax -\let\subsection=\relax -\let\subsubsection=\relax -\let\appendix=\relax -\let\appendixsec=\relax -\let\appendixsection=\relax -\let\appendixsubsec=\relax -\let\appendixsubsection=\relax -\let\appendixsubsubsec=\relax -\let\appendixsubsubsection=\relax -\let\contents=\relax -\let\smallbook=\relax -\let\titlepage=\relax +% @paragraphindent NCHARS +% We'll use ems for NCHARS, close enough. +% We cannot implement @paragraphindent asis, though. +% +\def\asisword{asis} % no translation, these are keywords +\def\noneword{none} +% +\def\paragraphindent{\parsearg\doparagraphindent} +\def\doparagraphindent#1{% + \def\temp{#1}% + \ifx\temp\asisword + \else + \ifx\temp\noneword + \defaultparindent = 0pt + \else + \defaultparindent = #1em + \fi + \fi + \parindent = \defaultparindent } -% Used in nested conditionals, where we have to parse the Texinfo source -% and so want to turn off most commands, in case they are used -% incorrectly. -% -\def\ignoremorecommands{% - \let\defcv = \relax - \let\deffn = \relax - \let\deffnx = \relax - \let\defindex = \relax - \let\defivar = \relax - \let\defmac = \relax - \let\defmethod = \relax - \let\defop = \relax - \let\defopt = \relax - \let\defspec = \relax - \let\deftp = \relax - \let\deftypefn = \relax - \let\deftypefun = \relax - \let\deftypevar = \relax - \let\deftypevr = \relax - \let\defun = \relax - \let\defvar = \relax - \let\defvr = \relax - \let\ref = \relax - \let\xref = \relax - \let\printindex = \relax - \let\pxref = \relax - \let\settitle = \relax - \let\setchapternewpage = \relax - \let\setchapterstyle = \relax - \let\everyheading = \relax - \let\evenheading = \relax - \let\oddheading = \relax - \let\everyfooting = \relax - \let\evenfooting = \relax - \let\oddfooting = \relax - \let\headings = \relax - \let\include = \relax - \let\lowersections = \relax - \let\down = \relax - \let\raisesections = \relax - \let\up = \relax - \let\set = \relax - \let\clear = \relax - \let\item = \relax - \let\message = \relax +% @exampleindent NCHARS +% We'll use ems for NCHARS like @paragraphindent. +% It seems @exampleindent asis isn't necessary, but +% I preserve it to make it similar to @paragraphindent. +\def\exampleindent{\parsearg\doexampleindent} +\def\doexampleindent#1{% + \def\temp{#1}% + \ifx\temp\asisword + \else + \ifx\temp\noneword + \lispnarrowing = 0pt + \else + \lispnarrowing = #1em + \fi + \fi } -% Ignore @ignore ... @end ignore. +% @asis just yields its argument. Used with @table, for example. % -\def\ignore{\doignore{ignore}} +\def\asis#1{#1} -% Also ignore @ifinfo, @ifhtml, @html, @menu, and @direntry text. +% @math means output in math mode. +% We don't use $'s directly in the definition of \math because control +% sequences like \math are expanded when the toc file is written. Then, +% we read the toc file back, the $'s will be normal characters (as they +% should be, according to the definition of Texinfo). So we must use a +% control sequence to switch into and out of math mode. % -\def\ifinfo{\doignore{ifinfo}} -\def\ifhtml{\doignore{ifhtml}} -\def\html{\doignore{html}} -\def\menu{\doignore{menu}} -\def\direntry{\doignore{direntry}} +% This isn't quite enough for @math to work properly in indices, but it +% seems unlikely it will ever be needed there. +% +\let\implicitmath = $ +\def\math#1{\implicitmath #1\implicitmath} -% @dircategory CATEGORY -- specify a category of the dir file -% which this file should belong to. Ignore this in TeX. +% @bullet and @minus need the same treatment as @math, just above. +\def\bullet{\implicitmath\ptexbullet\implicitmath} +\def\minus{\implicitmath-\implicitmath} -\def\dircategory{\comment} +% @refill is a no-op. +\let\refill=\relax -% Ignore text until a line `@end #1'. +% If working on a large document in chapters, it is convenient to +% be able to disable indexing, cross-referencing, and contents, for test runs. +% This is done with @novalidate (before @setfilename). % -\def\doignore#1{\begingroup - % Don't complain about control sequences we have declared \outer. - \ignoresections - % - % Define a command to swallow text until we reach `@end #1'. - \long\def\doignoretext##1\end #1{\enddoignore}% - % - % Make sure that spaces turn into tokens that match what \doignoretext wants. - \catcode32 = 10 - % - % And now expand that command. - \doignoretext +\newif\iflinks \linkstrue % by default we want the aux files. +\let\novalidate = \linksfalse + +% @setfilename is done at the beginning of every texinfo file. +% So open here the files we need to have open while reading the input. +% This makes it possible to make a .fmt file for texinfo. +\def\setfilename{% + \iflinks + \readauxfile + \fi % \openindices needs to do some work in any case. + \openindices + \fixbackslash % Turn off hack to swallow `\input texinfo'. + \global\let\setfilename=\comment % Ignore extra @setfilename cmds. + % + % If texinfo.cnf is present on the system, read it. + % Useful for site-wide @afourpaper, etc. + % Just to be on the safe side, close the input stream before the \input. + \openin 1 texinfo.cnf + \ifeof1 \let\temp=\relax \else \def\temp{\input texinfo.cnf }\fi + \closein1 + \temp + % + \comment % Ignore the actual filename. } -% What we do to finish off ignored text. +% Called from \setfilename. % -\def\enddoignore{\endgroup\ignorespaces}% - -\newif\ifwarnedobs\warnedobsfalse -\def\obstexwarn{% - \ifwarnedobs\relax\else - % We need to warn folks that they may have trouble with TeX 3.0. - % This uses \immediate\write16 rather than \message to get newlines. - \immediate\write16{} - \immediate\write16{***WARNING*** for users of Unix TeX 3.0!} - \immediate\write16{This manual trips a bug in TeX version 3.0 (tex hangs).} - \immediate\write16{If you are running another version of TeX, relax.} - \immediate\write16{If you are running Unix TeX 3.0, kill this TeX process.} - \immediate\write16{ Then upgrade your TeX installation if you can.} - \immediate\write16{If you are stuck with version 3.0, run the} - \immediate\write16{ script ``tex3patch'' from the Texinfo distribution} - \immediate\write16{ to use a workaround.} - \immediate\write16{} - \global\warnedobstrue - \fi +\def\openindices{% + \newindex{cp}% + \newcodeindex{fn}% + \newcodeindex{vr}% + \newcodeindex{tp}% + \newcodeindex{ky}% + \newcodeindex{pg}% } -% **In TeX 3.0, setting text in \nullfont hangs tex. For a -% workaround (which requires the file ``dummy.tfm'' to be installed), -% uncomment the following line: -%%%%%\font\nullfont=dummy\let\obstexwarn=\relax +% @bye. +\outer\def\bye{\pagealignmacro\tracingstats=1\ptexend} -% Ignore text, except that we keep track of conditional commands for -% purposes of nesting, up to an `@end #1' command. -% -\def\nestedignore#1{% - \obstexwarn - % We must actually expand the ignored text to look for the @end - % command, so that nested ignore constructs work. Thus, we put the - % text into a \vbox and then do nothing with the result. To minimize - % the change of memory overflow, we follow the approach outlined on - % page 401 of the TeXbook: make the current font be a dummy font. - % - \setbox0 = \vbox\bgroup - % Don't complain about control sequences we have declared \outer. - \ignoresections - % - % Define `@end #1' to end the box, which will in turn undefine the - % @end command again. - \expandafter\def\csname E#1\endcsname{\egroup\ignorespaces}% - % - % We are going to be parsing Texinfo commands. Most cause no - % trouble when they are used incorrectly, but some commands do - % complicated argument parsing or otherwise get confused, so we - % undefine them. - % - % We can't do anything about stray @-signs, unfortunately; - % they'll produce `undefined control sequence' errors. - \ignoremorecommands - % - % Set the current font to be \nullfont, a TeX primitive, and define - % all the font commands to also use \nullfont. We don't use - % dummy.tfm, as suggested in the TeXbook, because not all sites - % might have that installed. Therefore, math mode will still - % produce output, but that should be an extremely small amount of - % stuff compared to the main input. - % - \nullfont - \let\tenrm = \nullfont \let\tenit = \nullfont \let\tensl = \nullfont - \let\tenbf = \nullfont \let\tentt = \nullfont \let\smallcaps = \nullfont - \let\tensf = \nullfont - % Similarly for index fonts (mostly for their use in - % smallexample) - \let\indrm = \nullfont \let\indit = \nullfont \let\indsl = \nullfont - \let\indbf = \nullfont \let\indtt = \nullfont \let\indsc = \nullfont - \let\indsf = \nullfont - % - % Don't complain when characters are missing from the fonts. - \tracinglostchars = 0 - % - % Don't bother to do space factor calculations. - \frenchspacing - % - % Don't report underfull hboxes. - \hbadness = 10000 - % - % Do minimal line-breaking. - \pretolerance = 10000 - % - % Do not execute instructions in @tex - \def\tex{\doignore{tex}} -} - -% @set VAR sets the variable VAR to an empty value. -% @set VAR REST-OF-LINE sets VAR to the value REST-OF-LINE. -% -% Since we want to separate VAR from REST-OF-LINE (which might be -% empty), we can't just use \parsearg; we have to insert a space of our -% own to delimit the rest of the line, and then take it out again if we -% didn't need it. Make sure the catcode of space is correct to avoid -% losing inside @example, for instance. -% -\def\set{\begingroup\catcode` =10 \parsearg\setxxx} -\def\setxxx#1{\setyyy#1 \endsetyyy} -\def\setyyy#1 #2\endsetyyy{% - \def\temp{#2}% - \ifx\temp\empty \global\expandafter\let\csname SET#1\endcsname = \empty - \else \setzzz{#1}#2\endsetzzz % Remove the trailing space \setxxx inserted. - \fi - \endgroup -} -% Can't use \xdef to pre-expand #2 and save some time, since \temp or -% \next or other control sequences that we've defined might get us into -% an infinite loop. Consider `@set foo @cite{bar}'. -\def\setzzz#1#2 \endsetzzz{\expandafter\gdef\csname SET#1\endcsname{#2}} - -% @clear VAR clears (i.e., unsets) the variable VAR. -% -\def\clear{\parsearg\clearxxx} -\def\clearxxx#1{\global\expandafter\let\csname SET#1\endcsname=\relax} - -% @value{foo} gets the text saved in variable foo. -% -\def\value#1{\expandafter - \ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax - {\{No value for ``#1''\}} - \else \csname SET#1\endcsname \fi} - -% @ifset VAR ... @end ifset reads the `...' iff VAR has been defined -% with @set. -% -\def\ifset{\parsearg\ifsetxxx} -\def\ifsetxxx #1{% - \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax - \expandafter\ifsetfail - \else - \expandafter\ifsetsucceed - \fi -} -\def\ifsetsucceed{\conditionalsucceed{ifset}} -\def\ifsetfail{\nestedignore{ifset}} -\defineunmatchedend{ifset} -% @ifclear VAR ... @end ifclear reads the `...' iff VAR has never been -% defined with @set, or has been undefined with @clear. -% -\def\ifclear{\parsearg\ifclearxxx} -\def\ifclearxxx #1{% - \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax - \expandafter\ifclearsucceed +\message{pdf,} +% adobe `portable' document format +\newcount\tempnum +\newcount\lnkcount +\newtoks\filename +\newcount\filenamelength +\newcount\pgn +\newtoks\toksA +\newtoks\toksB +\newtoks\toksC +\newtoks\toksD +\newbox\boxA +\newcount\countA +\newif\ifpdf +\newif\ifpdfmakepagedest + +\ifx\pdfoutput\undefined + \pdffalse + \let\pdfmkdest = \gobble + \let\pdfurl = \gobble + \let\endlink = \relax + \let\linkcolor = \relax + \let\pdfmakeoutlines = \relax +\else + \pdftrue + \pdfoutput = 1 + \input pdfcolor + \def\dopdfimage#1#2#3{% + \def\imagewidth{#2}% + \def\imageheight{#3}% + \ifnum\pdftexversion < 14 + \pdfimage + \else + \pdfximage + \fi + \ifx\empty\imagewidth\else width \imagewidth \fi + \ifx\empty\imageheight\else height \imageheight \fi + {#1.pdf}% + \ifnum\pdftexversion < 14 \else + \pdfrefximage \pdflastximage + \fi} + \def\pdfmkdest#1{\pdfdest name{#1@} xyz} + \def\pdfmkpgn#1{#1@} + \let\linkcolor = \Cyan + \def\endlink{\Black\pdfendlink} + % Adding outlines to PDF; macros for calculating structure of outlines + % come from Petr Olsak + \def\expnumber#1{\expandafter\ifx\csname#1\endcsname\relax 0% + \else \csname#1\endcsname \fi} + \def\advancenumber#1{\tempnum=\expnumber{#1}\relax + \advance\tempnum by1 + \expandafter\xdef\csname#1\endcsname{\the\tempnum}} + \def\pdfmakeoutlines{{% + \openin 1 \jobname.toc + \ifeof 1\else\bgroup + \closein 1 + \indexnofonts + \def\tt{} + % thanh's hack / proper braces in bookmarks + \edef\mylbrace{\iftrue \string{\else}\fi}\let\{=\mylbrace + \edef\myrbrace{\iffalse{\else\string}\fi}\let\}=\myrbrace + % + \def\chapentry ##1##2##3{} + \def\unnumbchapentry ##1##2{} + \def\secentry ##1##2##3##4{\advancenumber{chap##2}} + \def\unnumbsecentry ##1##2{} + \def\subsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5{\advancenumber{sec##2.##3}} + \def\unnumbsubsecentry ##1##2{} + \def\subsubsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5##6{\advancenumber{subsec##2.##3.##4}} + \def\unnumbsubsubsecentry ##1##2{} + \input \jobname.toc + \def\chapentry ##1##2##3{% + \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##3}}count-\expnumber{chap##2}{##1}} + \def\unnumbchapentry ##1##2{% + \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##2}}{##1}} + \def\secentry ##1##2##3##4{% + \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##4}}count-\expnumber{sec##2.##3}{##1}} + \def\unnumbsecentry ##1##2{% + \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##2}}{##1}} + \def\subsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5{% + \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##5}}count-\expnumber{subsec##2.##3.##4}{##1}} + \def\unnumbsubsecentry ##1##2{% + \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##2}}{##1}} + \def\subsubsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5##6{% + \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##6}}{##1}} + \def\unnumbsubsubsecentry ##1##2{% + \pdfoutline goto name{\pdfmkpgn{##2}}{##1}} + \input \jobname.toc + \egroup\fi + }} + \def\makelinks #1,{% + \def\params{#1}\def\E{END}% + \ifx\params\E + \let\nextmakelinks=\relax + \else + \let\nextmakelinks=\makelinks + \ifnum\lnkcount>0,\fi + \picknum{#1}% + \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]} + goto name{\pdfmkpgn{\the\pgn}}% + \linkcolor #1% + \advance\lnkcount by 1% + \endlink + \fi + \nextmakelinks + } + \def\picknum#1{\expandafter\pn#1} + \def\pn#1{% + \def\p{#1}% + \ifx\p\lbrace + \let\nextpn=\ppn + \else + \let\nextpn=\ppnn + \def\first{#1} + \fi + \nextpn + } + \def\ppn#1{\pgn=#1\gobble} + \def\ppnn{\pgn=\first} + \def\pdfmklnk#1{\lnkcount=0\makelinks #1,END,} + \def\addtokens#1#2{\edef\addtoks{\noexpand#1={\the#1#2}}\addtoks} + \def\skipspaces#1{\def\PP{#1}\def\D{|}% + \ifx\PP\D\let\nextsp\relax + \else\let\nextsp\skipspaces + \ifx\p\space\else\addtokens{\filename}{\PP}% + \advance\filenamelength by 1 + \fi + \fi + \nextsp} + \def\getfilename#1{\filenamelength=0\expandafter\skipspaces#1|\relax} + \ifnum\pdftexversion < 14 + \let \startlink \pdfannotlink \else - \expandafter\ifclearfail + \let \startlink \pdfstartlink \fi -} -\def\ifclearsucceed{\conditionalsucceed{ifclear}} -\def\ifclearfail{\nestedignore{ifclear}} -\defineunmatchedend{ifclear} - -% @iftex always succeeds; we read the text following, through @end -% iftex). But `@end iftex' should be valid only after an @iftex. -% -\def\iftex{\conditionalsucceed{iftex}} -\defineunmatchedend{iftex} - -% We can't just want to start a group at @iftex (for example) and end it -% at @end iftex, since then @set commands inside the conditional have no -% effect (they'd get reverted at the end of the group). So we must -% define \Eiftex to redefine itself to be its previous value. (We can't -% just define it to fail again with an ``unmatched end'' error, since -% the @ifset might be nested.) -% -\def\conditionalsucceed#1{% - \edef\temp{% - % Remember the current value of \E#1. - \let\nece{prevE#1} = \nece{E#1}% - % - % At the `@end #1', redefine \E#1 to be its previous value. - \def\nece{E#1}{\let\nece{E#1} = \nece{prevE#1}}% - }% - \temp -} - -% We need to expand lots of \csname's, but we don't want to expand the -% control sequences after we've constructed them. -% -\def\nece#1{\expandafter\noexpand\csname#1\endcsname} - -% @asis just yields its argument. Used with @table, for example. -% -\def\asis#1{#1} - -% @math means output in math mode. -% We don't use $'s directly in the definition of \math because control -% sequences like \math are expanded when the toc file is written. Then, -% we read the toc file back, the $'s will be normal characters (as they -% should be, according to the definition of Texinfo). So we must use a -% control sequence to switch into and out of math mode. -% -% This isn't quite enough for @math to work properly in indices, but it -% seems unlikely it will ever be needed there. -% -\let\implicitmath = $ -\def\math#1{\implicitmath #1\implicitmath} - -% @bullet and @minus need the same treatment as @math, just above. -\def\bullet{\implicitmath\ptexbullet\implicitmath} -\def\minus{\implicitmath-\implicitmath} - -\def\node{\ENVcheck\parsearg\nodezzz} -\def\nodezzz#1{\nodexxx [#1,]} -\def\nodexxx[#1,#2]{\gdef\lastnode{#1}} -\let\nwnode=\node -\let\lastnode=\relax - -\def\donoderef{\ifx\lastnode\relax\else -\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\setref{\lastnode}\fi -\global\let\lastnode=\relax} - -\def\unnumbnoderef{\ifx\lastnode\relax\else -\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\unnumbsetref{\lastnode}\fi -\global\let\lastnode=\relax} - -\def\appendixnoderef{\ifx\lastnode\relax\else -\expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\appendixsetref{\lastnode}\fi -\global\let\lastnode=\relax} - -\let\refill=\relax - -% @setfilename is done at the beginning of every texinfo file. -% So open here the files we need to have open while reading the input. -% This makes it possible to make a .fmt file for texinfo. -\def\setfilename{% - \readauxfile - \opencontents - \openindices - \fixbackslash % Turn off hack to swallow `\input texinfo'. - \global\let\setfilename=\comment % Ignore extra @setfilename cmds. - \comment % Ignore the actual filename. -} - -\outer\def\bye{\pagealignmacro\tracingstats=1\ptexend} - -\def\inforef #1{\inforefzzz #1,,,,**} -\def\inforefzzz #1,#2,#3,#4**{\putwordSee{} \putwordInfo{} \putwordfile{} \file{\ignorespaces #3{}}, - node \samp{\ignorespaces#1{}}} - -\def\macro#1{\begingroup\ignoresections\catcode`\#=6\def\macrotemp{#1}\parsearg\macroxxx} -\def\macroxxx#1#2 \end macro{% -\expandafter\gdef\macrotemp#1{#2}% -\endgroup} - -%\def\linemacro#1{\begingroup\ignoresections\catcode`\#=6\def\macrotemp{#1}\parsearg\linemacroxxx} -%\def\linemacroxxx#1#2 \end linemacro{% -%\let\parsearg=\relax -%\edef\macrotempx{\csname M\butfirst\expandafter\string\macrotemp\endcsname}% -%\expandafter\xdef\macrotemp{\parsearg\macrotempx}% -%\expandafter\gdef\macrotempx#1{#2}% -%\endgroup} + \def\pdfurl#1{% + \begingroup + \normalturnoffactive\def\@{@}% + \leavevmode\Red + \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}% + user{/Subtype /Link /A << /S /URI /URI (#1) >>}% + % #1 + \endgroup} + \def\pdfgettoks#1.{\setbox\boxA=\hbox{\toksA={#1.}\toksB={}\maketoks}} + \def\addtokens#1#2{\edef\addtoks{\noexpand#1={\the#1#2}}\addtoks} + \def\adn#1{\addtokens{\toksC}{#1}\global\countA=1\let\next=\maketoks} + \def\poptoks#1#2|ENDTOKS|{\let\first=#1\toksD={#1}\toksA={#2}} + \def\maketoks{% + \expandafter\poptoks\the\toksA|ENDTOKS| + \ifx\first0\adn0 + \else\ifx\first1\adn1 \else\ifx\first2\adn2 \else\ifx\first3\adn3 + \else\ifx\first4\adn4 \else\ifx\first5\adn5 \else\ifx\first6\adn6 + \else\ifx\first7\adn7 \else\ifx\first8\adn8 \else\ifx\first9\adn9 + \else + \ifnum0=\countA\else\makelink\fi + \ifx\first.\let\next=\done\else + \let\next=\maketoks + \addtokens{\toksB}{\the\toksD} + \ifx\first,\addtokens{\toksB}{\space}\fi + \fi + \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi + \next} + \def\makelink{\addtokens{\toksB}% + {\noexpand\pdflink{\the\toksC}}\toksC={}\global\countA=0} + \def\pdflink#1{% + \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]} goto name{\mkpgn{#1}} + \linkcolor #1\endlink} + \def\mkpgn#1{#1@} + \def\done{\edef\st{\global\noexpand\toksA={\the\toksB}}\st} +\fi % \ifx\pdfoutput -%\def\butfirst#1{} \message{fonts,} - % Font-change commands. -% Texinfo supports the sans serif font style, which plain TeX does not. +% Texinfo sort of supports the sans serif font style, which plain TeX does not. % So we set up a \sf analogous to plain's \rm, etc. \newfam\sffam \def\sf{\fam=\sffam \tensf} @@ -972,8 +1032,9 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} % We don't need math for this one. \def\ttsl{\tenttsl} -%% Try out Computer Modern fonts at \magstephalf -\let\mainmagstep=\magstephalf +% Use Computer Modern fonts at \magstephalf (11pt). +\newcount\mainmagstep +\mainmagstep=\magstephalf % Set the font macro #1 to the font named #2, adding on the % specified font prefix (normally `cm'). @@ -988,7 +1049,7 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} \fi % Support font families that don't use the same naming scheme as CM. \def\rmshape{r} -\def\rmbshape{bx} %where the normal face is bold +\def\rmbshape{bx} %where the normal face is bold \def\bfshape{b} \def\bxshape{bx} \def\ttshape{tt} @@ -1028,35 +1089,44 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} \setfont\deftt\ttshape{10}{\magstep1} \def\df{\let\tentt=\deftt \let\tenbf = \defbf \bf} -% Fonts for indices and small examples. -% We actually use the slanted font rather than the italic, -% because texinfo normally uses the slanted fonts for that. -% Do not make many font distinctions in general in the index, since they -% aren't very useful. -\setfont\ninett\ttshape{9}{1000} -\setfont\indrm\rmshape{9}{1000} -\setfont\indit\slshape{9}{1000} -\let\indsl=\indit -\let\indtt=\ninett -\let\indttsl=\ninett -\let\indsf=\indrm -\let\indbf=\indrm -\setfont\indsc\scshape{10}{900} -\font\indi=cmmi9 -\font\indsy=cmsy9 - -% Fonts for headings +% Fonts for indices, footnotes, small examples (9pt). +\setfont\smallrm\rmshape{9}{1000} +\setfont\smalltt\ttshape{9}{1000} +\setfont\smallbf\bfshape{10}{900} +\setfont\smallit\itshape{9}{1000} +\setfont\smallsl\slshape{9}{1000} +\setfont\smallsf\sfshape{9}{1000} +\setfont\smallsc\scshape{10}{900} +\setfont\smallttsl\ttslshape{10}{900} +\font\smalli=cmmi9 +\font\smallsy=cmsy9 + +% Fonts for title page: +\setfont\titlerm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep3} +\setfont\titleit\itbshape{10}{\magstep4} +\setfont\titlesl\slbshape{10}{\magstep4} +\setfont\titlett\ttbshape{12}{\magstep3} +\setfont\titlettsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep4} +\setfont\titlesf\sfbshape{17}{\magstep1} +\let\titlebf=\titlerm +\setfont\titlesc\scbshape{10}{\magstep4} +\font\titlei=cmmi12 scaled \magstep3 +\font\titlesy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep4 +\def\authorrm{\secrm} + +% Chapter (and unnumbered) fonts (17.28pt). \setfont\chaprm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep2} \setfont\chapit\itbshape{10}{\magstep3} \setfont\chapsl\slbshape{10}{\magstep3} \setfont\chaptt\ttbshape{12}{\magstep2} \setfont\chapttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep3} -\setfont\chapsf\sfbshape{12}{\magstep2} +\setfont\chapsf\sfbshape{17}{1000} \let\chapbf=\chaprm \setfont\chapsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep3} \font\chapi=cmmi12 scaled \magstep2 \font\chapsy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep3 +% Section fonts (14.4pt). \setfont\secrm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep1} \setfont\secit\itbshape{10}{\magstep2} \setfont\secsl\slbshape{10}{\magstep2} @@ -1074,31 +1144,28 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} % \setfont\ssectt\ttshape{10}{\magstep1} % \setfont\ssecsf\sfshape{10}{\magstep1} -%\setfont\ssecrm\bfshape{10}{1315} % Note the use of cmb rather than cmbx. -%\setfont\ssecit\itshape{10}{1315} % Also, the size is a little larger than -%\setfont\ssecsl\slshape{10}{1315} % being scaled magstep1. +%\setfont\ssecrm\bfshape{10}{1315} % Note the use of cmb rather than cmbx. +%\setfont\ssecit\itshape{10}{1315} % Also, the size is a little larger than +%\setfont\ssecsl\slshape{10}{1315} % being scaled magstep1. %\setfont\ssectt\ttshape{10}{1315} %\setfont\ssecsf\sfshape{10}{1315} %\let\ssecbf=\ssecrm +% Subsection fonts (13.15pt). \setfont\ssecrm\rmbshape{12}{\magstephalf} \setfont\ssecit\itbshape{10}{1315} \setfont\ssecsl\slbshape{10}{1315} \setfont\ssectt\ttbshape{12}{\magstephalf} -\setfont\ssecttsl\ttslshape{10}{\magstep1} +\setfont\ssecttsl\ttslshape{10}{1315} \setfont\ssecsf\sfbshape{12}{\magstephalf} \let\ssecbf\ssecrm \setfont\ssecsc\scbshape{10}{\magstep1} \font\sseci=cmmi12 scaled \magstephalf -\font\ssecsy=cmsy10 scaled \magstep1 +\font\ssecsy=cmsy10 scaled 1315 % The smallcaps and symbol fonts should actually be scaled \magstep1.5, % but that is not a standard magnification. -% Fonts for title page: -\setfont\titlerm\rmbshape{12}{\magstep3} -\let\authorrm = \secrm - % In order for the font changes to affect most math symbols and letters, % we have to define the \textfont of the standard families. Since % texinfo doesn't allow for producing subscripts and superscripts, we @@ -1123,31 +1190,44 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} \let\tenbf=\textbf \let\tentt=\texttt \let\smallcaps=\textsc \let\tensf=\textsf \let\teni=\texti \let\tensy=\textsy \let\tenttsl=\textttsl \resetmathfonts} +\def\titlefonts{% + \let\tenrm=\titlerm \let\tenit=\titleit \let\tensl=\titlesl + \let\tenbf=\titlebf \let\tentt=\titlett \let\smallcaps=\titlesc + \let\tensf=\titlesf \let\teni=\titlei \let\tensy=\titlesy + \let\tenttsl=\titlettsl + \resetmathfonts \setleading{25pt}} +\def\titlefont#1{{\titlefonts\rm #1}} \def\chapfonts{% \let\tenrm=\chaprm \let\tenit=\chapit \let\tensl=\chapsl \let\tenbf=\chapbf \let\tentt=\chaptt \let\smallcaps=\chapsc \let\tensf=\chapsf \let\teni=\chapi \let\tensy=\chapsy \let\tenttsl=\chapttsl - \resetmathfonts} + \resetmathfonts \setleading{19pt}} \def\secfonts{% \let\tenrm=\secrm \let\tenit=\secit \let\tensl=\secsl \let\tenbf=\secbf \let\tentt=\sectt \let\smallcaps=\secsc \let\tensf=\secsf \let\teni=\seci \let\tensy=\secsy \let\tenttsl=\secttsl - \resetmathfonts} + \resetmathfonts \setleading{16pt}} \def\subsecfonts{% \let\tenrm=\ssecrm \let\tenit=\ssecit \let\tensl=\ssecsl \let\tenbf=\ssecbf \let\tentt=\ssectt \let\smallcaps=\ssecsc \let\tensf=\ssecsf \let\teni=\sseci \let\tensy=\ssecsy \let\tenttsl=\ssecttsl - \resetmathfonts} -\def\indexfonts{% - \let\tenrm=\indrm \let\tenit=\indit \let\tensl=\indsl - \let\tenbf=\indbf \let\tentt=\indtt \let\smallcaps=\indsc - \let\tensf=\indsf \let\teni=\indi \let\tensy=\indsy \let\tenttsl=\indttsl - \resetmathfonts} + \resetmathfonts \setleading{15pt}} +\let\subsubsecfonts = \subsecfonts % Maybe make sssec fonts scaled magstephalf? +\def\smallfonts{% + \let\tenrm=\smallrm \let\tenit=\smallit \let\tensl=\smallsl + \let\tenbf=\smallbf \let\tentt=\smalltt \let\smallcaps=\smallsc + \let\tensf=\smallsf \let\teni=\smalli \let\tensy=\smallsy + \let\tenttsl=\smallttsl + \resetmathfonts \setleading{11pt}} % Set up the default fonts, so we can use them for creating boxes. % \textfonts +% Define these so they can be easily changed for other fonts. +\def\angleleft{$\langle$} +\def\angleright{$\rangle$} + % Count depth in font-changes, for error checks \newcount\fontdepth \fontdepth=0 @@ -1162,13 +1242,14 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} % \smartitalic{ARG} outputs arg in italics, followed by an italic correction % unless the following character is such as not to need one. \def\smartitalicx{\ifx\next,\else\ifx\next-\else\ifx\next.\else\/\fi\fi\fi} -\def\smartitalic#1{{\sl #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx} +\def\smartslanted#1{{\sl #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx} +\def\smartitalic#1{{\it #1}\futurelet\next\smartitalicx} \let\i=\smartitalic -\let\var=\smartitalic -\let\dfn=\smartitalic +\let\var=\smartslanted +\let\dfn=\smartslanted \let\emph=\smartitalic -\let\cite=\smartitalic +\let\cite=\smartslanted \def\b#1{{\bf #1}} \let\strong=\b @@ -1185,12 +1266,22 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} \null } \let\ttfont=\t -\def\samp #1{`\tclose{#1}'\null} -\def\key #1{{\ttsl \nohyphenation \uppercase{#1}}\null} +\def\samp#1{`\tclose{#1}'\null} +\setfont\keyrm\rmshape{8}{1000} +\font\keysy=cmsy9 +\def\key#1{{\keyrm\textfont2=\keysy \leavevmode\hbox{% + \raise0.4pt\hbox{\angleleft}\kern-.08em\vtop{% + \vbox{\hrule\kern-0.4pt + \hbox{\raise0.4pt\hbox{\vphantom{\angleleft}}#1}}% + \kern-0.4pt\hrule}% + \kern-.06em\raise0.4pt\hbox{\angleright}}}} +% The old definition, with no lozenge: +%\def\key #1{{\ttsl \nohyphenation \uppercase{#1}}\null} \def\ctrl #1{{\tt \rawbackslash \hat}#1} +% @file, @option are the same as @samp. \let\file=\samp -\let\url=\samp % perhaps include a hypertex \special eventually +\let\option=\samp % @code is a modification of @t, % which makes spaces the same size as normal in the surrounding text. @@ -1222,57 +1313,141 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} % Unfortunately, TeX uses one parameter (\hyphenchar) to control % both hyphenation at - and hyphenation within words. % We must therefore turn them both off (\tclose does that) -% and arrange explicitly to hyphenate an a dash. +% and arrange explicitly to hyphenate at a dash. % -- rms. { -\catcode`\-=\active -\catcode`\_=\active -\global\def\code{\begingroup \catcode`\-=\active \let-\codedash \catcode`\_=\active \let_\codeunder \codex} -% The following is used by \doprintindex to insure that long function names -% wrap around. It is necessary for - and _ to be active before the index is -% read from the file, as \entry parses the arguments long before \code is -% ever called. -- mycroft -\global\def\indexbreaks{\catcode`\-=\active \let-\realdash \catcode`\_=\active \let_\realunder} + \catcode`\-=\active + \catcode`\_=\active + % + \global\def\code{\begingroup + \catcode`\-=\active \let-\codedash + \catcode`\_=\active \let_\codeunder + \codex + } + % + % If we end up with any active - characters when handling the index, + % just treat them as a normal -. + \global\def\indexbreaks{\catcode`\-=\active \let-\realdash} } \def\realdash{-} -\def\realunder{_} \def\codedash{-\discretionary{}{}{}} -\def\codeunder{\normalunderscore\discretionary{}{}{}} +\def\codeunder{\ifusingtt{\normalunderscore\discretionary{}{}{}}{\_}} \def\codex #1{\tclose{#1}\endgroup} %\let\exp=\tclose %Was temporary % @kbd is like @code, except that if the argument is just one @key command, % then @kbd has no effect. -% + +% @kbdinputstyle -- arg is `distinct' (@kbd uses slanted tty font always), +% `example' (@kbd uses ttsl only inside of @example and friends), +% or `code' (@kbd uses normal tty font always). +\def\kbdinputstyle{\parsearg\kbdinputstylexxx} +\def\kbdinputstylexxx#1{% + \def\arg{#1}% + \ifx\arg\worddistinct + \gdef\kbdexamplefont{\ttsl}\gdef\kbdfont{\ttsl}% + \else\ifx\arg\wordexample + \gdef\kbdexamplefont{\ttsl}\gdef\kbdfont{\tt}% + \else\ifx\arg\wordcode + \gdef\kbdexamplefont{\tt}\gdef\kbdfont{\tt}% + \fi\fi\fi +} +\def\worddistinct{distinct} +\def\wordexample{example} +\def\wordcode{code} + +% Default is kbdinputdistinct. (Too much of a hassle to call the macro, +% the catcodes are wrong for parsearg to work.) +\gdef\kbdexamplefont{\ttsl}\gdef\kbdfont{\ttsl} + \def\xkey{\key} \def\kbdfoo#1#2#3\par{\def\one{#1}\def\three{#3}\def\threex{??}% \ifx\one\xkey\ifx\threex\three \key{#2}% -\else{\tclose{\ttsl\look}}\fi -\else{\tclose{\ttsl\look}}\fi} +\else{\tclose{\kbdfont\look}}\fi +\else{\tclose{\kbdfont\look}}\fi} + +% For @url, @env, @command quotes seem unnecessary, so use \code. +\let\url=\code +\let\env=\code +\let\command=\code + +% @uref (abbreviation for `urlref') takes an optional (comma-separated) +% second argument specifying the text to display and an optional third +% arg as text to display instead of (rather than in addition to) the url +% itself. First (mandatory) arg is the url. Perhaps eventually put in +% a hypertex \special here. +% +\def\uref#1{\douref #1,,,\finish} +\def\douref#1,#2,#3,#4\finish{\begingroup + \unsepspaces + \pdfurl{#1}% + \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #3}% + \ifdim\wd0 > 0pt + \unhbox0 % third arg given, show only that + \else + \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}% + \ifdim\wd0 > 0pt + \ifpdf + \unhbox0 % PDF: 2nd arg given, show only it + \else + \unhbox0\ (\code{#1})% DVI: 2nd arg given, show both it and url + \fi + \else + \code{#1}% only url given, so show it + \fi + \fi + \endlink +\endgroup} + +% rms does not like angle brackets --karl, 17may97. +% So now @email is just like @uref, unless we are pdf. +% +%\def\email#1{\angleleft{\tt #1}\angleright} +\ifpdf + \def\email#1{\doemail#1,,\finish} + \def\doemail#1,#2,#3\finish{\begingroup + \unsepspaces + \pdfurl{mailto:#1}% + \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}% + \ifdim\wd0>0pt\unhbox0\else\code{#1}\fi + \endlink + \endgroup} +\else + \let\email=\uref +\fi % Check if we are currently using a typewriter font. Since all the % Computer Modern typewriter fonts have zero interword stretch (and % shrink), and it is reasonable to expect all typewriter fonts to have % this property, we can check that font parameter. -% +% \def\ifmonospace{\ifdim\fontdimen3\font=0pt } % Typeset a dimension, e.g., `in' or `pt'. The only reason for the -% argument is to make the input look right: @dmn{pt} instead of -% @dmn{}pt. +% argument is to make the input look right: @dmn{pt} instead of @dmn{}pt. % \def\dmn#1{\thinspace #1} \def\kbd#1{\def\look{#1}\expandafter\kbdfoo\look??\par} -\def\l#1{{\li #1}\null} % +% @l was never documented to mean ``switch to the Lisp font'', +% and it is not used as such in any manual I can find. We need it for +% Polish suppressed-l. --karl, 22sep96. +%\def\l#1{{\li #1}\null} + +% Explicit font changes: @r, @sc, undocumented @ii. +\def\r#1{{\rm #1}} % roman font +\def\sc#1{{\smallcaps#1}} % smallcaps font +\def\ii#1{{\it #1}} % italic font + +% @acronym downcases the argument and prints in smallcaps. +\def\acronym#1{{\smallcaps \lowercase{#1}}} + +% @pounds{} is a sterling sign. +\def\pounds{{\it\$}} -\def\r#1{{\rm #1}} % roman font -% Use of \lowercase was suggested. -\def\sc#1{{\smallcaps#1}} % smallcaps font -\def\ii#1{{\it #1}} % italic font \message{page headings,} @@ -1280,20 +1455,23 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} \newskip\titlepagebottomglue \titlepagebottomglue = 2pc % First the title page. Must do @settitle before @titlepage. -\def\titlefont#1{{\titlerm #1}} - \newif\ifseenauthor \newif\iffinishedtitlepage +% Do an implicit @contents or @shortcontents after @end titlepage if the +% user says @setcontentsaftertitlepage or @setshortcontentsaftertitlepage. +% +\newif\ifsetcontentsaftertitlepage + \let\setcontentsaftertitlepage = \setcontentsaftertitlepagetrue +\newif\ifsetshortcontentsaftertitlepage + \let\setshortcontentsaftertitlepage = \setshortcontentsaftertitlepagetrue + \def\shorttitlepage{\parsearg\shorttitlepagezzz} \def\shorttitlepagezzz #1{\begingroup\hbox{}\vskip 1.5in \chaprm \centerline{#1}% - \endgroup\page\hbox{}\page} + \endgroup\page\hbox{}\page} \def\titlepage{\begingroup \parindent=0pt \textfonts \let\subtitlerm=\tenrm -% I deinstalled the following change because \cmr12 is undefined. -% This change was not in the ChangeLog anyway. --rms. -% \let\subtitlerm=\cmr12 \def\subtitlefont{\subtitlerm \normalbaselineskip = 13pt \normalbaselines}% % \def\authorfont{\authorrm \normalbaselineskip = 16pt \normalbaselines}% @@ -1303,10 +1481,10 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} % % Now you can print the title using @title. \def\title{\parsearg\titlezzz}% - \def\titlezzz##1{\leftline{\titlefont{##1}} - % print a rule at the page bottom also. - \finishedtitlepagefalse - \vskip4pt \hrule height 4pt width \hsize \vskip4pt}% + \def\titlezzz##1{\leftline{\titlefonts\rm ##1} + % print a rule at the page bottom also. + \finishedtitlepagefalse + \vskip4pt \hrule height 4pt width \hsize \vskip4pt}% % No rule at page bottom unless we print one at the top with @title. \finishedtitlepagetrue % @@ -1324,7 +1502,7 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} \let\oldpage = \page \def\page{% \iffinishedtitlepage\else - \finishtitlepage + \finishtitlepage \fi \oldpage \let\page = \oldpage @@ -1342,6 +1520,23 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} % after the title page, which we certainly don't want. \oldpage \endgroup + % + % If they want short, they certainly want long too. + \ifsetshortcontentsaftertitlepage + \shortcontents + \contents + \global\let\shortcontents = \relax + \global\let\contents = \relax + \fi + % + \ifsetcontentsaftertitlepage + \contents + \global\let\contents = \relax + \global\let\shortcontents = \relax + \fi + % + \ifpdf \pdfmakepagedesttrue \fi + % \HEADINGSon } @@ -1355,10 +1550,10 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} \let\thispage=\folio -\newtoks \evenheadline % Token sequence for heading line of even pages -\newtoks \oddheadline % Token sequence for heading line of odd pages -\newtoks \evenfootline % Token sequence for footing line of even pages -\newtoks \oddfootline % Token sequence for footing line of odd pages +\newtoks\evenheadline % headline on even pages +\newtoks\oddheadline % headline on odd pages +\newtoks\evenfootline % footline on even pages +\newtoks\oddfootline % footline on odd pages % Now make Tex use those variables \headline={{\textfonts\rm \ifodd\pageno \the\oddheadline @@ -1392,10 +1587,7 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} \gdef\oddheadingyyy #1@|#2@|#3@|#4\finish{% \global\oddheadline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}} -\gdef\everyheadingxxx #1{\everyheadingyyy #1@|@|@|@|\finish} -\gdef\everyheadingyyy #1@|#2@|#3@|#4\finish{% -\global\evenheadline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}} -\global\oddheadline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}} +\gdef\everyheadingxxx#1{\oddheadingxxx{#1}\evenheadingxxx{#1}}% \gdef\evenfootingxxx #1{\evenfootingyyy #1@|@|@|@|\finish} \gdef\evenfootingyyy #1@|#2@|#3@|#4\finish{% @@ -1403,23 +1595,27 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} \gdef\oddfootingxxx #1{\oddfootingyyy #1@|@|@|@|\finish} \gdef\oddfootingyyy #1@|#2@|#3@|#4\finish{% -\global\oddfootline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}} + \global\oddfootline = {\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}% + % + % Leave some space for the footline. Hopefully ok to assume + % @evenfooting will not be used by itself. + \global\advance\pageheight by -\baselineskip + \global\advance\vsize by -\baselineskip +} -\gdef\everyfootingxxx #1{\everyfootingyyy #1@|@|@|@|\finish} -\gdef\everyfootingyyy #1@|#2@|#3@|#4\finish{% -\global\evenfootline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}} -\global\oddfootline={\rlap{\centerline{#2}}\line{#1\hfil#3}}} +\gdef\everyfootingxxx#1{\oddfootingxxx{#1}\evenfootingxxx{#1}} % }% unbind the catcode of @. -% @headings double turns headings on for double-sided printing. -% @headings single turns headings on for single-sided printing. -% @headings off turns them off. -% @headings on same as @headings double, retained for compatibility. -% @headings after turns on double-sided headings after this page. -% @headings doubleafter turns on double-sided headings after this page. +% @headings double turns headings on for double-sided printing. +% @headings single turns headings on for single-sided printing. +% @headings off turns them off. +% @headings on same as @headings double, retained for compatibility. +% @headings after turns on double-sided headings after this page. +% @headings doubleafter turns on double-sided headings after this page. % @headings singleafter turns on single-sided headings after this page. -% By default, they are off. +% By default, they are off at the start of a document, +% and turned `on' after @end titlepage. \def\headings #1 {\csname HEADINGS#1\endcsname} @@ -1433,22 +1629,24 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} % title on inside top of left hand pages, and page numbers on outside top % edge of all pages. \def\HEADINGSdouble{ -%\pagealignmacro \global\pageno=1 \global\evenfootline={\hfil} \global\oddfootline={\hfil} \global\evenheadline={\line{\folio\hfil\thistitle}} \global\oddheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}} +\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chapoddpage } +\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager + % For single-sided printing, chapter title goes across top left of page, % page number on top right. \def\HEADINGSsingle{ -%\pagealignmacro \global\pageno=1 \global\evenfootline={\hfil} \global\oddfootline={\hfil} \global\evenheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}} \global\oddheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}} +\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager } \def\HEADINGSon{\HEADINGSdouble} @@ -1459,6 +1657,7 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} \global\oddfootline={\hfil} \global\evenheadline={\line{\folio\hfil\thistitle}} \global\oddheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}} +\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chapoddpage } \def\HEADINGSsingleafter{\let\HEADINGShook=\HEADINGSsinglex} @@ -1467,42 +1666,28 @@ where each line of input produces a line of output.} \global\oddfootline={\hfil} \global\evenheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}} \global\oddheadline={\line{\thischapter\hfil\folio}} +\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager } % Subroutines used in generating headings % Produces Day Month Year style of output. -\def\today{\number\day\space -\ifcase\month\or -January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or -July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi -\space\number\year} - -% Use this if you want the Month Day, Year style of output. -%\def\today{\ifcase\month\or -%January\or February\or March\or April\or May\or June\or -%July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi -%\space\number\day, \number\year} - -% @settitle line... specifies the title of the document, for headings -% It generates no output of its own - -\def\thistitle{No Title} +\def\today{% + \number\day\space + \ifcase\month + \or\putwordMJan\or\putwordMFeb\or\putwordMMar\or\putwordMApr + \or\putwordMMay\or\putwordMJun\or\putwordMJul\or\putwordMAug + \or\putwordMSep\or\putwordMOct\or\putwordMNov\or\putwordMDec + \fi + \space\number\year} + +% @settitle line... specifies the title of the document, for headings. +% It generates no output of its own. +\def\thistitle{\putwordNoTitle} \def\settitle{\parsearg\settitlezzz} \def\settitlezzz #1{\gdef\thistitle{#1}} -\message{tables,} - -% @tabs -- simple alignment - -% These don't work. For one thing, \+ is defined as outer. -% So these macros cannot even be defined. - -%\def\tabs{\parsearg\tabszzz} -%\def\tabszzz #1{\settabs\+#1\cr} -%\def\tabline{\parsearg\tablinezzz} -%\def\tablinezzz #1{\+#1\cr} -%\def\&{&} +\message{tables,} % Tables -- @table, @ftable, @vtable, @item(x), @kitem(x), @xitem(x). % default indentation of table text @@ -1546,11 +1731,6 @@ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi \itemindex{#1}% \nobreak % This prevents a break before @itemx. % - % Be sure we are not still in the middle of a paragraph. - %{\parskip = 0in - %\par - %}% - % % If the item text does not fit in the space we have, put it on a line % by itself, and do not allow a page break either before or after that % line. We do not start a paragraph here because then if the next @@ -1579,13 +1759,17 @@ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi \itemxneedsnegativevskipfalse \else % The item text fits into the space. Start a paragraph, so that the - % following text (if any) will end up on the same line. Since that - % text will be indented by \tableindent, we make the item text be in - % a zero-width box. + % following text (if any) will end up on the same line. \noindent - \rlap{\hskip -\tableindent\box0}\ignorespaces% - \endgroup% - \itemxneedsnegativevskiptrue% + % Do this with kerns and \unhbox so that if there is a footnote in + % the item text, it can migrate to the main vertical list and + % eventually be printed. + \nobreak\kern-\tableindent + \dimen0 = \itemmax \advance\dimen0 by \itemmargin \advance\dimen0 by -\wd0 + \unhbox0 + \nobreak\kern\dimen0 + \endgroup + \itemxneedsnegativevskiptrue \fi } @@ -1596,9 +1780,10 @@ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi \def\xitem{\errmessage{@xitem while not in a table}} \def\xitemx{\errmessage{@xitemx while not in a table}} -%% Contains a kludge to get @end[description] to work +% Contains a kludge to get @end[description] to work. \def\description{\tablez{\dontindex}{1}{}{}{}{}} +% @table, @ftable, @vtable. \def\table{\begingroup\inENV\obeylines\obeyspaces\tablex} {\obeylines\obeyspaces% \gdef\tablex #1^^M{% @@ -1658,7 +1843,7 @@ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi \def\itemize{\parsearg\itemizezzz} \def\itemizezzz #1{% - \begingroup % ended by the @end itemsize + \begingroup % ended by the @end itemize \itemizey {#1}{\Eitemize} } @@ -1786,7 +1971,7 @@ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi \def\itemizeitem{% \advance\itemno by 1 {\let\par=\endgraf \smallbreak}% -\ifhmode \errmessage{\in hmode at itemizeitem}\fi +\ifhmode \errmessage{In hmode at itemizeitem}\fi {\parskip=0in \hskip 0pt \hbox to 0pt{\hss \itemcontents\hskip \itemmargin}% \vadjust{\penalty 1200}}% @@ -1804,7 +1989,7 @@ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi % To make preamble: % -% Either define widths of columns in terms of percent of \hsize: +% Either define widths of columns in terms of percent of \hsize: % @multitable @columnfractions .25 .3 .45 % @item ... % @@ -1812,6 +1997,7 @@ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi % current hsize to be used for each column. You may use as many % columns as desired. + % Or use a template: % @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template} {Column 3 template} % @item ... @@ -1821,33 +2007,33 @@ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi % the preamble, break the line within one argument and it % will parse correctly, i.e., % -% @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template} {Column 3 +% @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template} {Column 3 % template} % Not: -% @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template} +% @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template} % {Column 3 template} -% Each new table line starts with @item, each subsequent new column +% Each new table line starts with @item, each subsequent new column % starts with @tab. Empty columns may be produced by supplying @tab's % with nothing between them for as many times as empty columns are needed, % ie, @tab@tab@tab will produce two empty columns. -% @item, @tab, @multicolumn or @endmulticolumn do not need to be on their +% @item, @tab, @multitable or @end multitable do not need to be on their % own lines, but it will not hurt if they are. % Sample multitable: % @multitable {Column 1 template} {Column 2 template} {Column 3 template} % @item first col stuff @tab second col stuff @tab third col -% @item -% first col stuff -% @tab -% second col stuff -% @tab -% third col -% @item first col stuff @tab second col stuff +% @item +% first col stuff +% @tab +% second col stuff +% @tab +% third col +% @item first col stuff @tab second col stuff % @tab Many paragraphs of text may be used in any column. -% +% % They will wrap at the width determined by the template. % @item@tab@tab This will be in third column. % @end multitable @@ -1859,10 +2045,7 @@ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi % @multitablelinespace is space to leave between table items, baseline % to baseline. % 0pt means it depends on current normal line spacing. - -%%%% -% Dimensions - +% \newskip\multitableparskip \newskip\multitableparindent \newdimen\multitablecolspace @@ -1872,127 +2055,512 @@ July\or August\or September\or October\or November\or December\fi \multitablecolspace=12pt \multitablelinespace=0pt -%%%% -% Macros used to set up halign preamble: -\let\endsetuptable\relax -\def\xendsetuptable{\endsetuptable} -\let\columnfractions\relax -\def\xcolumnfractions{\columnfractions} -\newif\ifsetpercent +% Macros used to set up halign preamble: +% +\let\endsetuptable\relax +\def\xendsetuptable{\endsetuptable} +\let\columnfractions\relax +\def\xcolumnfractions{\columnfractions} +\newif\ifsetpercent + +% #1 is the part of the @columnfraction before the decimal point, which +% is presumably either 0 or the empty string (but we don't check, we +% just throw it away). #2 is the decimal part, which we use as the +% percent of \hsize for this column. +\def\pickupwholefraction#1.#2 {% + \global\advance\colcount by 1 + \expandafter\xdef\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname{.#2\hsize}% + \setuptable +} + +\newcount\colcount +\def\setuptable#1{% + \def\firstarg{#1}% + \ifx\firstarg\xendsetuptable + \let\go = \relax + \else + \ifx\firstarg\xcolumnfractions + \global\setpercenttrue + \else + \ifsetpercent + \let\go\pickupwholefraction + \else + \global\advance\colcount by 1 + \setbox0=\hbox{#1\unskip }% Add a normal word space as a separator; + % typically that is always in the input, anyway. + \expandafter\xdef\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname{\the\wd0}% + \fi + \fi + \ifx\go\pickupwholefraction + % Put the argument back for the \pickupwholefraction call, so + % we'll always have a period there to be parsed. + \def\go{\pickupwholefraction#1}% + \else + \let\go = \setuptable + \fi% + \fi + \go +} + +% This used to have \hskip1sp. But then the space in a template line is +% not enough. That is bad. So let's go back to just & until we +% encounter the problem it was intended to solve again. +% --karl, nathan@acm.org, 20apr99. +\def\tab{&} + +% @multitable ... @end multitable definitions: +% +\def\multitable{\parsearg\dotable} +\def\dotable#1{\bgroup + \vskip\parskip + \let\item\crcr + \tolerance=9500 + \hbadness=9500 + \setmultitablespacing + \parskip=\multitableparskip + \parindent=\multitableparindent + \overfullrule=0pt + \global\colcount=0 + \def\Emultitable{\global\setpercentfalse\cr\egroup\egroup}% + % + % To parse everything between @multitable and @item: + \setuptable#1 \endsetuptable + % + % \everycr will reset column counter, \colcount, at the end of + % each line. Every column entry will cause \colcount to advance by one. + % The table preamble + % looks at the current \colcount to find the correct column width. + \everycr{\noalign{% + % + % \filbreak%% keeps underfull box messages off when table breaks over pages. + % Maybe so, but it also creates really weird page breaks when the table + % breaks over pages. Wouldn't \vfil be better? Wait until the problem + % manifests itself, so it can be fixed for real --karl. + \global\colcount=0\relax}}% + % + % This preamble sets up a generic column definition, which will + % be used as many times as user calls for columns. + % \vtop will set a single line and will also let text wrap and + % continue for many paragraphs if desired. + \halign\bgroup&\global\advance\colcount by 1\relax + \multistrut\vtop{\hsize=\expandafter\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname + % + % In order to keep entries from bumping into each other + % we will add a \leftskip of \multitablecolspace to all columns after + % the first one. + % + % If a template has been used, we will add \multitablecolspace + % to the width of each template entry. + % + % If the user has set preamble in terms of percent of \hsize we will + % use that dimension as the width of the column, and the \leftskip + % will keep entries from bumping into each other. Table will start at + % left margin and final column will justify at right margin. + % + % Make sure we don't inherit \rightskip from the outer environment. + \rightskip=0pt + \ifnum\colcount=1 + % The first column will be indented with the surrounding text. + \advance\hsize by\leftskip + \else + \ifsetpercent \else + % If user has not set preamble in terms of percent of \hsize + % we will advance \hsize by \multitablecolspace. + \advance\hsize by \multitablecolspace + \fi + % In either case we will make \leftskip=\multitablecolspace: + \leftskip=\multitablecolspace + \fi + % Ignoring space at the beginning and end avoids an occasional spurious + % blank line, when TeX decides to break the line at the space before the + % box from the multistrut, so the strut ends up on a line by itself. + % For example: + % @multitable @columnfractions .11 .89 + % @item @code{#} + % @tab Legal holiday which is valid in major parts of the whole country. + % Is automatically provided with highlighting sequences respectively marking + % characters. + \noindent\ignorespaces##\unskip\multistrut}\cr +} + +\def\setmultitablespacing{% test to see if user has set \multitablelinespace. +% If so, do nothing. If not, give it an appropriate dimension based on +% current baselineskip. +\ifdim\multitablelinespace=0pt +\setbox0=\vbox{X}\global\multitablelinespace=\the\baselineskip +\global\advance\multitablelinespace by-\ht0 +%% strut to put in table in case some entry doesn't have descenders, +%% to keep lines equally spaced +\let\multistrut = \strut +\else +%% FIXME: what is \box0 supposed to be? +\gdef\multistrut{\vrule height\multitablelinespace depth\dp0 +width0pt\relax} \fi +%% Test to see if parskip is larger than space between lines of +%% table. If not, do nothing. +%% If so, set to same dimension as multitablelinespace. +\ifdim\multitableparskip>\multitablelinespace +\global\multitableparskip=\multitablelinespace +\global\advance\multitableparskip-7pt %% to keep parskip somewhat smaller + %% than skip between lines in the table. +\fi% +\ifdim\multitableparskip=0pt +\global\multitableparskip=\multitablelinespace +\global\advance\multitableparskip-7pt %% to keep parskip somewhat smaller + %% than skip between lines in the table. +\fi} + + +\message{conditionals,} +% Prevent errors for section commands. +% Used in @ignore and in failing conditionals. +\def\ignoresections{% + \let\chapter=\relax + \let\unnumbered=\relax + \let\top=\relax + \let\unnumberedsec=\relax + \let\unnumberedsection=\relax + \let\unnumberedsubsec=\relax + \let\unnumberedsubsection=\relax + \let\unnumberedsubsubsec=\relax + \let\unnumberedsubsubsection=\relax + \let\section=\relax + \let\subsec=\relax + \let\subsubsec=\relax + \let\subsection=\relax + \let\subsubsection=\relax + \let\appendix=\relax + \let\appendixsec=\relax + \let\appendixsection=\relax + \let\appendixsubsec=\relax + \let\appendixsubsection=\relax + \let\appendixsubsubsec=\relax + \let\appendixsubsubsection=\relax + \let\contents=\relax + \let\smallbook=\relax + \let\titlepage=\relax +} + +% Used in nested conditionals, where we have to parse the Texinfo source +% and so want to turn off most commands, in case they are used +% incorrectly. +% +\def\ignoremorecommands{% + \let\defcodeindex = \relax + \let\defcv = \relax + \let\deffn = \relax + \let\deffnx = \relax + \let\defindex = \relax + \let\defivar = \relax + \let\defmac = \relax + \let\defmethod = \relax + \let\defop = \relax + \let\defopt = \relax + \let\defspec = \relax + \let\deftp = \relax + \let\deftypefn = \relax + \let\deftypefun = \relax + \let\deftypeivar = \relax + \let\deftypeop = \relax + \let\deftypevar = \relax + \let\deftypevr = \relax + \let\defun = \relax + \let\defvar = \relax + \let\defvr = \relax + \let\ref = \relax + \let\xref = \relax + \let\printindex = \relax + \let\pxref = \relax + \let\settitle = \relax + \let\setchapternewpage = \relax + \let\setchapterstyle = \relax + \let\everyheading = \relax + \let\evenheading = \relax + \let\oddheading = \relax + \let\everyfooting = \relax + \let\evenfooting = \relax + \let\oddfooting = \relax + \let\headings = \relax + \let\include = \relax + \let\lowersections = \relax + \let\down = \relax + \let\raisesections = \relax + \let\up = \relax + \let\set = \relax + \let\clear = \relax + \let\item = \relax +} + +% Ignore @ignore ... @end ignore. +% +\def\ignore{\doignore{ignore}} + +% Ignore @ifinfo, @ifhtml, @ifnottex, @html, @menu, and @direntry text. +% +\def\ifinfo{\doignore{ifinfo}} +\def\ifhtml{\doignore{ifhtml}} +\def\ifnottex{\doignore{ifnottex}} +\def\html{\doignore{html}} +\def\menu{\doignore{menu}} +\def\direntry{\doignore{direntry}} + +% @dircategory CATEGORY -- specify a category of the dir file +% which this file should belong to. Ignore this in TeX. +\let\dircategory = \comment + +% Ignore text until a line `@end #1'. +% +\def\doignore#1{\begingroup + % Don't complain about control sequences we have declared \outer. + \ignoresections + % + % Define a command to swallow text until we reach `@end #1'. + % This @ is a catcode 12 token (that is the normal catcode of @ in + % this texinfo.tex file). We change the catcode of @ below to match. + \long\def\doignoretext##1@end #1{\enddoignore}% + % + % Make sure that spaces turn into tokens that match what \doignoretext wants. + \catcode32 = 10 + % + % Ignore braces, too, so mismatched braces don't cause trouble. + \catcode`\{ = 9 + \catcode`\} = 9 + % + % We must not have @c interpreted as a control sequence. + \catcode`\@ = 12 + % + % Make the letter c a comment character so that the rest of the line + % will be ignored. This way, the document can have (for example) + % @c @end ifinfo + % and the @end ifinfo will be properly ignored. + % (We've just changed @ to catcode 12.) + \catcode`\c = 14 + % + % And now expand that command. + \doignoretext +} + +% What we do to finish off ignored text. +% +\def\enddoignore{\endgroup\ignorespaces}% + +\newif\ifwarnedobs\warnedobsfalse +\def\obstexwarn{% + \ifwarnedobs\relax\else + % We need to warn folks that they may have trouble with TeX 3.0. + % This uses \immediate\write16 rather than \message to get newlines. + \immediate\write16{} + \immediate\write16{WARNING: for users of Unix TeX 3.0!} + \immediate\write16{This manual trips a bug in TeX version 3.0 (tex hangs).} + \immediate\write16{If you are running another version of TeX, relax.} + \immediate\write16{If you are running Unix TeX 3.0, kill this TeX process.} + \immediate\write16{ Then upgrade your TeX installation if you can.} + \immediate\write16{ (See ftp://ftp.gnu.org/pub/gnu/TeX.README.)} + \immediate\write16{If you are stuck with version 3.0, run the} + \immediate\write16{ script ``tex3patch'' from the Texinfo distribution} + \immediate\write16{ to use a workaround.} + \immediate\write16{} + \global\warnedobstrue + \fi +} + +% **In TeX 3.0, setting text in \nullfont hangs tex. For a +% workaround (which requires the file ``dummy.tfm'' to be installed), +% uncomment the following line: +%%%%%\font\nullfont=dummy\let\obstexwarn=\relax + +% Ignore text, except that we keep track of conditional commands for +% purposes of nesting, up to an `@end #1' command. +% +\def\nestedignore#1{% + \obstexwarn + % We must actually expand the ignored text to look for the @end + % command, so that nested ignore constructs work. Thus, we put the + % text into a \vbox and then do nothing with the result. To minimize + % the change of memory overflow, we follow the approach outlined on + % page 401 of the TeXbook: make the current font be a dummy font. + % + \setbox0 = \vbox\bgroup + % Don't complain about control sequences we have declared \outer. + \ignoresections + % + % Define `@end #1' to end the box, which will in turn undefine the + % @end command again. + \expandafter\def\csname E#1\endcsname{\egroup\ignorespaces}% + % + % We are going to be parsing Texinfo commands. Most cause no + % trouble when they are used incorrectly, but some commands do + % complicated argument parsing or otherwise get confused, so we + % undefine them. + % + % We can't do anything about stray @-signs, unfortunately; + % they'll produce `undefined control sequence' errors. + \ignoremorecommands + % + % Set the current font to be \nullfont, a TeX primitive, and define + % all the font commands to also use \nullfont. We don't use + % dummy.tfm, as suggested in the TeXbook, because not all sites + % might have that installed. Therefore, math mode will still + % produce output, but that should be an extremely small amount of + % stuff compared to the main input. + % + \nullfont + \let\tenrm=\nullfont \let\tenit=\nullfont \let\tensl=\nullfont + \let\tenbf=\nullfont \let\tentt=\nullfont \let\smallcaps=\nullfont + \let\tensf=\nullfont + % Similarly for index fonts (mostly for their use in smallexample). + \let\smallrm=\nullfont \let\smallit=\nullfont \let\smallsl=\nullfont + \let\smallbf=\nullfont \let\smalltt=\nullfont \let\smallsc=\nullfont + \let\smallsf=\nullfont + % + % Don't complain when characters are missing from the fonts. + \tracinglostchars = 0 + % + % Don't bother to do space factor calculations. + \frenchspacing + % + % Don't report underfull hboxes. + \hbadness = 10000 + % + % Do minimal line-breaking. + \pretolerance = 10000 + % + % Do not execute instructions in @tex + \def\tex{\doignore{tex}}% + % Do not execute macro definitions. + % `c' is a comment character, so the word `macro' will get cut off. + \def\macro{\doignore{ma}}% +} + +% @set VAR sets the variable VAR to an empty value. +% @set VAR REST-OF-LINE sets VAR to the value REST-OF-LINE. +% +% Since we want to separate VAR from REST-OF-LINE (which might be +% empty), we can't just use \parsearg; we have to insert a space of our +% own to delimit the rest of the line, and then take it out again if we +% didn't need it. Make sure the catcode of space is correct to avoid +% losing inside @example, for instance. +% +\def\set{\begingroup\catcode` =10 + \catcode`\-=12 \catcode`\_=12 % Allow - and _ in VAR. + \parsearg\setxxx} +\def\setxxx#1{\setyyy#1 \endsetyyy} +\def\setyyy#1 #2\endsetyyy{% + \def\temp{#2}% + \ifx\temp\empty \global\expandafter\let\csname SET#1\endcsname = \empty + \else \setzzz{#1}#2\endsetzzz % Remove the trailing space \setxxx inserted. + \fi + \endgroup +} +% Can't use \xdef to pre-expand #2 and save some time, since \temp or +% \next or other control sequences that we've defined might get us into +% an infinite loop. Consider `@set foo @cite{bar}'. +\def\setzzz#1#2 \endsetzzz{\expandafter\gdef\csname SET#1\endcsname{#2}} + +% @clear VAR clears (i.e., unsets) the variable VAR. +% +\def\clear{\parsearg\clearxxx} +\def\clearxxx#1{\global\expandafter\let\csname SET#1\endcsname=\relax} -%% 2/1/96, to allow fractions to be given with more than one digit. -\def\pickupwholefraction#1 {\global\advance\colcount by1 % -\expandafter\xdef\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname{.#1\hsize}% -\setuptable} +% @value{foo} gets the text saved in variable foo. +{ + \catcode`\_ = \active + % + % We might end up with active _ or - characters in the argument if + % we're called from @code, as @code{@value{foo-bar_}}. So \let any + % such active characters to their normal equivalents. + \gdef\value{\begingroup + \catcode`\-=12 \catcode`\_=12 + \indexbreaks \let_\normalunderscore + \valuexxx} +} +\def\valuexxx#1{\expandablevalue{#1}\endgroup} + +% We have this subroutine so that we can handle at least some @value's +% properly in indexes (we \let\value to this in \indexdummies). Ones +% whose names contain - or _ still won't work, but we can't do anything +% about that. The command has to be fully expandable, since the result +% winds up in the index file. This means that if the variable's value +% contains other Texinfo commands, it's almost certain it will fail +% (although perhaps we could fix that with sufficient work to do a +% one-level expansion on the result, instead of complete). +% +\def\expandablevalue#1{% + \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax + {[No value for ``#1'']}% + \else + \csname SET#1\endcsname + \fi +} -\newcount\colcount -\def\setuptable#1{\def\firstarg{#1}% -\ifx\firstarg\xendsetuptable\let\go\relax% -\else - \ifx\firstarg\xcolumnfractions\global\setpercenttrue% +% @ifset VAR ... @end ifset reads the `...' iff VAR has been defined +% with @set. +% +\def\ifset{\parsearg\ifsetxxx} +\def\ifsetxxx #1{% + \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax + \expandafter\ifsetfail \else - \ifsetpercent - \let\go\pickupwholefraction % In this case arg of setuptable - % is the decimal point before the - % number given in percent of hsize. - % We don't need this so we don't use it. - \else - \global\advance\colcount by1 - \setbox0=\hbox{#1}% - \expandafter\xdef\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname{\the\wd0}% - \fi% - \fi% -\ifx\go\pickupwholefraction\else\let\go\setuptable\fi% -\fi\go} + \expandafter\ifsetsucceed + \fi +} +\def\ifsetsucceed{\conditionalsucceed{ifset}} +\def\ifsetfail{\nestedignore{ifset}} +\defineunmatchedend{ifset} -%%%% -% multitable syntax -\def\tab{&\hskip1sp\relax} % 2/2/96 - % tiny skip here makes sure this column space is - % maintained, even if it is never used. +% @ifclear VAR ... @end ifclear reads the `...' iff VAR has never been +% defined with @set, or has been undefined with @clear. +% +\def\ifclear{\parsearg\ifclearxxx} +\def\ifclearxxx #1{% + \expandafter\ifx\csname SET#1\endcsname\relax + \expandafter\ifclearsucceed + \else + \expandafter\ifclearfail + \fi +} +\def\ifclearsucceed{\conditionalsucceed{ifclear}} +\def\ifclearfail{\nestedignore{ifclear}} +\defineunmatchedend{ifclear} +% @iftex, @ifnothtml, @ifnotinfo always succeed; we read the text +% following, through the first @end iftex (etc.). Make `@end iftex' +% (etc.) valid only after an @iftex. +% +\def\iftex{\conditionalsucceed{iftex}} +\def\ifnothtml{\conditionalsucceed{ifnothtml}} +\def\ifnotinfo{\conditionalsucceed{ifnotinfo}} +\defineunmatchedend{iftex} +\defineunmatchedend{ifnothtml} +\defineunmatchedend{ifnotinfo} -%%%% -% @multitable ... @end multitable definitions: +% We can't just want to start a group at @iftex (for example) and end it +% at @end iftex, since then @set commands inside the conditional have no +% effect (they'd get reverted at the end of the group). So we must +% define \Eiftex to redefine itself to be its previous value. (We can't +% just define it to fail again with an ``unmatched end'' error, since +% the @ifset might be nested.) +% +\def\conditionalsucceed#1{% + \edef\temp{% + % Remember the current value of \E#1. + \let\nece{prevE#1} = \nece{E#1}% + % + % At the `@end #1', redefine \E#1 to be its previous value. + \def\nece{E#1}{\let\nece{E#1} = \nece{prevE#1}}% + }% + \temp +} -\def\multitable{\parsearg\dotable} +% We need to expand lots of \csname's, but we don't want to expand the +% control sequences after we've constructed them. +% +\def\nece#1{\expandafter\noexpand\csname#1\endcsname} + +% @defininfoenclose. +\let\definfoenclose=\comment -\def\dotable#1{\bgroup -\let\item\cr -\tolerance=9500 -\hbadness=9500 -\setmultitablespacing -\parskip=\multitableparskip -\parindent=\multitableparindent -\overfullrule=0pt -\global\colcount=0\relax% -\def\Emultitable{\global\setpercentfalse\global\everycr{}\cr\egroup\egroup}% - % To parse everything between @multitable and @item : -\setuptable#1 \endsetuptable - % Need to reset this to 0 after \setuptable. -\global\colcount=0\relax% - % - % This preamble sets up a generic column definition, which will - % be used as many times as user calls for columns. - % \vtop will set a single line and will also let text wrap and - % continue for many paragraphs if desired. -\halign\bgroup&\global\advance\colcount by 1\relax% -\multistrut\vtop{\hsize=\expandafter\csname col\the\colcount\endcsname - % In order to keep entries from bumping into each other - % we will add a \leftskip of \multitablecolspace to all columns after - % the first one. - % If a template has been used, we will add \multitablecolspace - % to the width of each template entry. - % If user has set preamble in terms of percent of \hsize - % we will use that dimension as the width of the column, and - % the \leftskip will keep entries from bumping into each other. - % Table will start at left margin and final column will justify at - % right margin. -\ifnum\colcount=1 -\else - \ifsetpercent - \else - % If user has set preamble in terms of percent of \hsize - % we will advance \hsize by \multitablecolspace - \advance\hsize by \multitablecolspace - \fi - % In either case we will make \leftskip=\multitablecolspace: -\leftskip=\multitablecolspace -\fi -\noindent##}\cr% - % \everycr will reset column counter, \colcount, at the end of - % each line. Every column entry will cause \colcount to advance by one. - % The table preamble - % looks at the current \colcount to find the correct column width. -\global\everycr{\noalign{% -\filbreak%% keeps underfull box messages off when table breaks over pages. -\global\colcount=0\relax}} -} -\def\setmultitablespacing{% test to see if user has set \multitablelinespace. -% If so, do nothing. If not, give it an appropriate dimension based on -% current baselineskip. -\setbox0=\vbox{Xy} -\ifdim\multitablelinespace=0pt -%% strut to put in table in case some entry doesn't have descenders, -%% to keep lines equally spaced -\gdef\multistrut{\vrule height\ht0 depth\dp0 width0pt\relax} -%% Test to see if parskip is larger than space between lines of -%% table. If not, do nothing. -%% If so, set to same dimension as multitablelinespace. -\else -\gdef\multistrut{\vrule height\multitablelinespace depth\dp0 -width0pt\relax} \fi -\ifdim\multitableparskip>\multitablelinespace -\global\multitableparskip=\multitablelinespace -\global\advance\multitableparskip-7pt %% to keep parskip somewhat smaller - %% than skip between lines in the table. -\fi% -\ifdim\multitableparskip=0pt -\global\multitableparskip=\multitablelinespace -\global\advance\multitableparskip-7pt %% to keep parskip somewhat smaller - %% than skip between lines in the table. -\fi} \message{indexing,} % Index generation facilities @@ -2005,15 +2573,17 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % It automatically defines \fooindex such that % \fooindex ...rest of line... puts an entry in the index foo. % It also defines \fooindfile to be the number of the output channel for -% the file that accumulates this index. The file's extension is foo. +% the file that accumulates this index. The file's extension is foo. % The name of an index should be no more than 2 characters long % for the sake of vms. - -\def\newindex #1{ -\expandafter\newwrite \csname#1indfile\endcsname% Define number for output file -\openout \csname#1indfile\endcsname \jobname.#1 % Open the file -\expandafter\xdef\csname#1index\endcsname{% % Define \xxxindex -\noexpand\doindex {#1}} +% +\def\newindex#1{% + \iflinks + \expandafter\newwrite \csname#1indfile\endcsname + \openout \csname#1indfile\endcsname \jobname.#1 % Open the file + \fi + \expandafter\xdef\csname#1index\endcsname{% % Define @#1index + \noexpand\doindex{#1}} } % @defindex foo == \newindex{foo} @@ -2022,31 +2592,37 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % Define @defcodeindex, like @defindex except put all entries in @code. -\def\newcodeindex #1{ -\expandafter\newwrite \csname#1indfile\endcsname% Define number for output file -\openout \csname#1indfile\endcsname \jobname.#1 % Open the file -\expandafter\xdef\csname#1index\endcsname{% % Define \xxxindex -\noexpand\docodeindex {#1}} +\def\newcodeindex#1{% + \iflinks + \expandafter\newwrite \csname#1indfile\endcsname + \openout \csname#1indfile\endcsname \jobname.#1 + \fi + \expandafter\xdef\csname#1index\endcsname{% + \noexpand\docodeindex{#1}} } \def\defcodeindex{\parsearg\newcodeindex} % @synindex foo bar makes index foo feed into index bar. % Do this instead of @defindex foo if you don't want it as a separate index. -\def\synindex #1 #2 {% -\expandafter\let\expandafter\synindexfoo\expandafter=\csname#2indfile\endcsname -\expandafter\let\csname#1indfile\endcsname=\synindexfoo -\expandafter\xdef\csname#1index\endcsname{% % Define \xxxindex -\noexpand\doindex {#2}}% +% The \closeout helps reduce unnecessary open files; the limit on the +% Acorn RISC OS is a mere 16 files. +\def\synindex#1 #2 {% + \expandafter\let\expandafter\synindexfoo\expandafter=\csname#2indfile\endcsname + \expandafter\closeout\csname#1indfile\endcsname + \expandafter\let\csname#1indfile\endcsname=\synindexfoo + \expandafter\xdef\csname#1index\endcsname{% define \xxxindex + \noexpand\doindex{#2}}% } % @syncodeindex foo bar similar, but put all entries made for index foo % inside @code. -\def\syncodeindex #1 #2 {% -\expandafter\let\expandafter\synindexfoo\expandafter=\csname#2indfile\endcsname -\expandafter\let\csname#1indfile\endcsname=\synindexfoo -\expandafter\xdef\csname#1index\endcsname{% % Define \xxxindex -\noexpand\docodeindex {#2}}% +\def\syncodeindex#1 #2 {% + \expandafter\let\expandafter\synindexfoo\expandafter=\csname#2indfile\endcsname + \expandafter\closeout\csname#1indfile\endcsname + \expandafter\let\csname#1indfile\endcsname=\synindexfoo + \expandafter\xdef\csname#1index\endcsname{% define \xxxindex + \noexpand\docodeindex{#2}}% } % Define \doindex, the driver for all \fooindex macros. @@ -2067,6 +2643,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\singlecodeindexer #1{\doind{\indexname}{\code{#1}}} \def\indexdummies{% +\def\ { }% % Take care of the plain tex accent commands. \def\"{\realbackslash "}% \def\`{\realbackslash `}% @@ -2093,27 +2670,48 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\L{\realbackslash L}% \def\ss{\realbackslash ss}% % Take care of texinfo commands likely to appear in an index entry. +% (Must be a way to avoid doing expansion at all, and thus not have to +% laboriously list every single command here.) +\def\@{@}% will be @@ when we switch to @ as escape char. +% Need these in case \tex is in effect and \{ is a \delimiter again. +% But can't use \lbracecmd and \rbracecmd because texindex assumes +% braces and backslashes are used only as delimiters. +\let\{ = \mylbrace +\let\} = \myrbrace \def\_{{\realbackslash _}}% \def\w{\realbackslash w }% \def\bf{\realbackslash bf }% -\def\rm{\realbackslash rm }% +%\def\rm{\realbackslash rm }% \def\sl{\realbackslash sl }% \def\sf{\realbackslash sf}% \def\tt{\realbackslash tt}% \def\gtr{\realbackslash gtr}% \def\less{\realbackslash less}% \def\hat{\realbackslash hat}% -\def\char{\realbackslash char}% \def\TeX{\realbackslash TeX}% \def\dots{\realbackslash dots }% -\def\copyright{\realbackslash copyright }% +\def\result{\realbackslash result}% +\def\equiv{\realbackslash equiv}% +\def\expansion{\realbackslash expansion}% +\def\print{\realbackslash print}% +\def\error{\realbackslash error}% +\def\point{\realbackslash point}% +\def\copyright{\realbackslash copyright}% \def\tclose##1{\realbackslash tclose {##1}}% \def\code##1{\realbackslash code {##1}}% +\def\uref##1{\realbackslash uref {##1}}% +\def\url##1{\realbackslash url {##1}}% +\def\env##1{\realbackslash env {##1}}% +\def\command##1{\realbackslash command {##1}}% +\def\option##1{\realbackslash option {##1}}% +\def\dotless##1{\realbackslash dotless {##1}}% \def\samp##1{\realbackslash samp {##1}}% -\def\t##1{\realbackslash r {##1}}% +\def\,##1{\realbackslash ,{##1}}% +\def\t##1{\realbackslash t {##1}}% \def\r##1{\realbackslash r {##1}}% \def\i##1{\realbackslash i {##1}}% \def\b##1{\realbackslash b {##1}}% +\def\sc##1{\realbackslash sc {##1}}% \def\cite##1{\realbackslash cite {##1}}% \def\key##1{\realbackslash key {##1}}% \def\file##1{\realbackslash file {##1}}% @@ -2121,7 +2719,16 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\kbd##1{\realbackslash kbd {##1}}% \def\dfn##1{\realbackslash dfn {##1}}% \def\emph##1{\realbackslash emph {##1}}% +\def\acronym##1{\realbackslash acronym {##1}}% +% +% Handle some cases of @value -- where the variable name does not +% contain - or _, and the value does not contain any +% (non-fully-expandable) commands. +\let\value = \expandablevalue +% \unsepspaces +% Turn off macro expansion +\turnoffmacros } % If an index command is used in an @example environment, any spaces @@ -2138,6 +2745,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\indexnofonts{% % Just ignore accents. +\let\,=\indexdummyfont \let\"=\indexdummyfont \let\`=\indexdummyfont \let\'=\indexdummyfont @@ -2150,6 +2758,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \let\u=\indexdummyfont \let\v=\indexdummyfont \let\H=\indexdummyfont +\let\dotless=\indexdummyfont % Take care of the plain tex special European modified letters. \def\oe{oe}% \def\ae{ae}% @@ -2176,6 +2785,12 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi %\let\tt=\indexdummyfont \let\tclose=\indexdummyfont \let\code=\indexdummyfont +\let\url=\indexdummyfont +\let\uref=\indexdummyfont +\let\env=\indexdummyfont +\let\acronym=\indexdummyfont +\let\command=\indexdummyfont +\let\option=\indexdummyfont \let\file=\indexdummyfont \let\samp=\indexdummyfont \let\kbd=\indexdummyfont @@ -2183,6 +2798,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \let\var=\indexdummyfont \let\TeX=\indexdummytex \let\dots=\indexdummydots +\def\@{@}% } % To define \realbackslash, we must make \ not be an escape. @@ -2190,57 +2806,102 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % so we do not become unable to do a definition. {\catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=\other -@gdef@realbackslash{\}} + @gdef@realbackslash{\}} \let\indexbackslash=0 %overridden during \printindex. +\let\SETmarginindex=\relax % put index entries in margin (undocumented)? -\let\SETmarginindex=\relax %initialize! -% workhorse for all \fooindexes -% #1 is name of index, #2 is stuff to put there -\def\doind #1#2{% -% Put the index entry in the margin if desired. -\ifx\SETmarginindex\relax\else% -\insert\margin{\hbox{\vrule height8pt depth3pt width0pt #2}}% -\fi% -{\count10=\lastpenalty % -{\indexdummies % Must do this here, since \bf, etc expand at this stage -\escapechar=`\\% -{\let\folio=0% Expand all macros now EXCEPT \folio -\def\rawbackslashxx{\indexbackslash}% \indexbackslash isn't defined now -% so it will be output as is; and it will print as backslash in the indx. -% -% Now process the index-string once, with all font commands turned off, -% to get the string to sort the index by. -{\indexnofonts -\xdef\temp1{#2}% -}% -% Now produce the complete index entry. We process the index-string again, -% this time with font commands expanded, to get what to print in the index. -\edef\temp{% -\write \csname#1indfile\endcsname{% -\realbackslash entry {\temp1}{\folio}{#2}}}% -\temp }% -}\penalty\count10}} - -\def\dosubind #1#2#3{% -{\count10=\lastpenalty % -{\indexdummies % Must do this here, since \bf, etc expand at this stage -\escapechar=`\\% -{\let\folio=0% -\def\rawbackslashxx{\indexbackslash}% -% -% Now process the index-string once, with all font commands turned off, -% to get the string to sort the index by. -{\indexnofonts -\xdef\temp1{#2 #3}% -}% -% Now produce the complete index entry. We process the index-string again, -% this time with font commands expanded, to get what to print in the index. -\edef\temp{% -\write \csname#1indfile\endcsname{% -\realbackslash entry {\temp1}{\folio}{#2}{#3}}}% -\temp }% -}\penalty\count10}} +% For \ifx comparisons. +\def\emptymacro{\empty} + +% Most index entries go through here, but \dosubind is the general case. +% +\def\doind#1#2{\dosubind{#1}{#2}\empty} + +% Workhorse for all \fooindexes. +% #1 is name of index, #2 is stuff to put there, #3 is subentry -- +% \empty if called from \doind, as we usually are. The main exception +% is with defuns, which call us directly. +% +\def\dosubind#1#2#3{% + % Put the index entry in the margin if desired. + \ifx\SETmarginindex\relax\else + \insert\margin{\hbox{\vrule height8pt depth3pt width0pt #2}}% + \fi + {% + \count255=\lastpenalty + {% + \indexdummies % Must do this here, since \bf, etc expand at this stage + \escapechar=`\\ + {% + \let\folio = 0% We will expand all macros now EXCEPT \folio. + \def\rawbackslashxx{\indexbackslash}% \indexbackslash isn't defined now + % so it will be output as is; and it will print as backslash. + % + \def\thirdarg{#3}% + % + % If third arg is present, precede it with space in sort key. + \ifx\thirdarg\emptymacro + \let\subentry = \empty + \else + \def\subentry{ #3}% + \fi + % + % First process the index entry with all font commands turned + % off to get the string to sort by. + {\indexnofonts \xdef\indexsorttmp{#2\subentry}}% + % + % Now the real index entry with the fonts. + \toks0 = {#2}% + % + % If third (subentry) arg is present, add it to the index + % string. And include a space. + \ifx\thirdarg\emptymacro \else + \toks0 = \expandafter{\the\toks0 \space #3}% + \fi + % + % Set up the complete index entry, with both the sort key + % and the original text, including any font commands. We write + % three arguments to \entry to the .?? file, texindex reduces to + % two when writing the .??s sorted result. + \edef\temp{% + \write\csname#1indfile\endcsname{% + \realbackslash entry{\indexsorttmp}{\folio}{\the\toks0}}% + }% + % + % If a skip is the last thing on the list now, preserve it + % by backing up by \lastskip, doing the \write, then inserting + % the skip again. Otherwise, the whatsit generated by the + % \write will make \lastskip zero. The result is that sequences + % like this: + % @end defun + % @tindex whatever + % @defun ... + % will have extra space inserted, because the \medbreak in the + % start of the @defun won't see the skip inserted by the @end of + % the previous defun. + % + % But don't do any of this if we're not in vertical mode. We + % don't want to do a \vskip and prematurely end a paragraph. + % + % Avoid page breaks due to these extra skips, too. + % + \iflinks + \ifvmode + \skip0 = \lastskip + \ifdim\lastskip = 0pt \else \nobreak\vskip-\lastskip \fi + \fi + % + \temp % do the write + % + % + \ifvmode \ifdim\skip0 = 0pt \else \nobreak\vskip\skip0 \fi \fi + \fi + }% + }% + \penalty\count255 + }% +} % The index entry written in the file actually looks like % \entry {sortstring}{page}{topic} @@ -2274,78 +2935,85 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % Define the macros used in formatting output of the sorted index material. -% This is what you call to cause a particular index to get printed. -% Write -% @unnumbered Function Index -% @printindex fn - +% @printindex causes a particular index (the ??s file) to get printed. +% It does not print any chapter heading (usually an @unnumbered). +% \def\printindex{\parsearg\doprintindex} - -\def\doprintindex#1{% - \tex - \dobreak \chapheadingskip {10000} - \catcode`\%=\other\catcode`\&=\other\catcode`\#=\other - \catcode`\$=\other - \catcode`\~=\other - \indexbreaks +\def\doprintindex#1{\begingroup + \dobreak \chapheadingskip{10000}% % - % The following don't help, since the chars were translated - % when the raw index was written, and their fonts were discarded - % due to \indexnofonts. - %\catcode`\"=\active - %\catcode`\^=\active - %\catcode`\_=\active - %\catcode`\|=\active - %\catcode`\<=\active - %\catcode`\>=\active - % % - \def\indexbackslash{\rawbackslashxx} - \indexfonts\rm \tolerance=9500 \advance\baselineskip -1pt - \begindoublecolumns + \smallfonts \rm + \tolerance = 9500 + \indexbreaks % % See if the index file exists and is nonempty. + % Change catcode of @ here so that if the index file contains + % \initial {@} + % as its first line, TeX doesn't complain about mismatched braces + % (because it thinks @} is a control sequence). + \catcode`\@ = 11 \openin 1 \jobname.#1s \ifeof 1 % \enddoublecolumns gets confused if there is no text in the index, % and it loses the chapter title and the aux file entries for the % index. The easiest way to prevent this problem is to make sure % there is some text. - (Index is nonexistent) - \else + \putwordIndexNonexistent + \else % % If the index file exists but is empty, then \openin leaves \ifeof % false. We have to make TeX try to read something from the file, so % it can discover if there is anything in it. \read 1 to \temp \ifeof 1 - (Index is empty) + \putwordIndexIsEmpty \else + % Index files are almost Texinfo source, but we use \ as the escape + % character. It would be better to use @, but that's too big a change + % to make right now. + \def\indexbackslash{\rawbackslashxx}% + \catcode`\\ = 0 + \escapechar = `\\ + \begindoublecolumns \input \jobname.#1s + \enddoublecolumns \fi \fi \closein 1 - \enddoublecolumns - \Etex -} +\endgroup} % These macros are used by the sorted index file itself. % Change them to control the appearance of the index. -% Same as \bigskipamount except no shrink. -% \balancecolumns gets confused if there is any shrink. -\newskip\initialskipamount \initialskipamount 12pt plus4pt - -\def\initial #1{% -{\let\tentt=\sectt \let\tt=\sectt \let\sf=\sectt -\ifdim\lastskip<\initialskipamount -\removelastskip \penalty-200 \vskip \initialskipamount\fi -\line{\secbf#1\hfill}\kern 2pt\penalty10000}} +\def\initial#1{{% + % Some minor font changes for the special characters. + \let\tentt=\sectt \let\tt=\sectt \let\sf=\sectt + % + % Remove any glue we may have, we'll be inserting our own. + \removelastskip + % + % We like breaks before the index initials, so insert a bonus. + \penalty -300 + % + % Typeset the initial. Making this add up to a whole number of + % baselineskips increases the chance of the dots lining up from column + % to column. It still won't often be perfect, because of the stretch + % we need before each entry, but it's better. + % + % No shrink because it confuses \balancecolumns. + \vskip 1.67\baselineskip plus .5\baselineskip + \leftline{\secbf #1}% + \vskip .33\baselineskip plus .1\baselineskip + % + % Do our best not to break after the initial. + \nobreak +}} % This typesets a paragraph consisting of #1, dot leaders, and then #2 % flush to the right margin. It is used for index and table of contents % entries. The paragraph is indented by \leftskip. % -\def\entry #1#2{\begingroup +\def\entry#1#2{\begingroup % % Start a new paragraph if necessary, so our assignments below can't % affect previous text. @@ -2368,12 +3036,15 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % % \hangafter is reset to 1 (which is the value we want) at the start % of each paragraph, so we need not do anything with that. - \hangindent=2em + \hangindent = 2em % % When the entry text needs to be broken, just fill out the first line % with blank space. \rightskip = 0pt plus1fil % + % A bit of stretch before each entry for the benefit of balancing columns. + \vskip 0pt plus1pt + % % Start a ``paragraph'' for the index entry so the line breaking % parameters we've set above will have an effect. \noindent @@ -2398,7 +3069,11 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % The `\ ' here is removed by the implicit \unskip that TeX does as % part of (the primitive) \par. Without it, a spurious underfull % \hbox ensues. - \ #2% The page number ends the paragraph. + \ifpdf + \pdfgettoks#2.\ \the\toksA % The page number ends the paragraph. + \else + \ #2% The page number ends the paragraph. + \fi \fi% \par \endgroup} @@ -2417,34 +3092,51 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \noindent\hskip\secondaryindent\hbox{#1}\indexdotfill #2\par }} -%% Define two-column mode, which is used in indexes. -%% Adapted from the TeXbook, page 416. -\catcode `\@=11 +% Define two-column mode, which we use to typeset indexes. +% Adapted from the TeXbook, page 416, which is to say, +% the manmac.tex format used to print the TeXbook itself. +\catcode`\@=11 \newbox\partialpage - \newdimen\doublecolumnhsize -\def\begindoublecolumns{\begingroup +\def\begindoublecolumns{\begingroup % ended by \enddoublecolumns % Grab any single-column material above us. - \output = {\global\setbox\partialpage - =\vbox{\unvbox255\kern -\topskip \kern \baselineskip}}% - \eject + \output = {% + % + % Here is a possibility not foreseen in manmac: if we accumulate a + % whole lot of material, we might end up calling this \output + % routine twice in a row (see the doublecol-lose test, which is + % essentially a couple of indexes with @setchapternewpage off). In + % that case we just ship out what is in \partialpage with the normal + % output routine. Generally, \partialpage will be empty when this + % runs and this will be a no-op. See the indexspread.tex test case. + \ifvoid\partialpage \else + \onepageout{\pagecontents\partialpage}% + \fi + % + \global\setbox\partialpage = \vbox{% + % Unvbox the main output page. + \unvbox\PAGE + \kern-\topskip \kern\baselineskip + }% + }% + \eject % run that output routine to set \partialpage % - % Now switch to the double-column output routine. - \output={\doublecolumnout}% + % Use the double-column output routine for subsequent pages. + \output = {\doublecolumnout}% % % Change the page size parameters. We could do this once outside this % routine, in each of @smallbook, @afourpaper, and the default 8.5x11 % format, but then we repeat the same computation. Repeating a couple % of assignments once per index is clearly meaningless for the - % execution time, so we may as well do it once. + % execution time, so we may as well do it in one place. % % First we halve the line length, less a little for the gutter between % the columns. We compute the gutter based on the line length, so it % changes automatically with the paper format. The magic constant - % below is chosen so that the gutter has the same value (well, +- < - % 1pt) as it did when we hard-coded it. + % below is chosen so that the gutter has the same value (well, +-<1pt) + % as it did when we hard-coded it. % % We put the result in a separate register, \doublecolumhsize, so we % can restore it in \pagesofar, after \hsize itself has (potentially) @@ -2457,109 +3149,140 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % % Double the \vsize as well. (We don't need a separate register here, % since nobody clobbers \vsize.) + \advance\vsize by -\ht\partialpage \vsize = 2\vsize - \doublecolumnpagegoal } -\def\enddoublecolumns{\eject \endgroup \pagegoal=\vsize \unvbox\partialpage} - -\def\doublecolumnsplit{\splittopskip=\topskip \splitmaxdepth=\maxdepth - \global\dimen@=\pageheight \global\advance\dimen@ by-\ht\partialpage - \global\setbox1=\vsplit255 to\dimen@ \global\setbox0=\vbox{\unvbox1} - \global\setbox3=\vsplit255 to\dimen@ \global\setbox2=\vbox{\unvbox3} - \ifdim\ht0>\dimen@ \setbox255=\vbox{\unvbox0\unvbox2} \global\setbox255=\copy5 \fi - \ifdim\ht2>\dimen@ \setbox255=\vbox{\unvbox0\unvbox2} \global\setbox255=\copy5 \fi +% The double-column output routine for all double-column pages except +% the last. +% +\def\doublecolumnout{% + \splittopskip=\topskip \splitmaxdepth=\maxdepth + % Get the available space for the double columns -- the normal + % (undoubled) page height minus any material left over from the + % previous page. + \dimen@ = \vsize + \divide\dimen@ by 2 + % + % box0 will be the left-hand column, box2 the right. + \setbox0=\vsplit255 to\dimen@ \setbox2=\vsplit255 to\dimen@ + \onepageout\pagesofar + \unvbox255 + \penalty\outputpenalty } -\def\doublecolumnpagegoal{% - \dimen@=\vsize \advance\dimen@ by-2\ht\partialpage \global\pagegoal=\dimen@ +\def\pagesofar{% + % Re-output the contents of the output page -- any previous material, + % followed by the two boxes we just split, in box0 and box2. + \unvbox\partialpage + % + \hsize = \doublecolumnhsize + \wd0=\hsize \wd2=\hsize + \hbox to\pagewidth{\box0\hfil\box2}% } -\def\pagesofar{\unvbox\partialpage % - \hsize=\doublecolumnhsize % have to restore this since output routine - \wd0=\hsize \wd2=\hsize \hbox to\pagewidth{\box0\hfil\box2}} -\def\doublecolumnout{% - \setbox5=\copy255 - {\vbadness=10000 \doublecolumnsplit} - \ifvbox255 - \setbox0=\vtop to\dimen@{\unvbox0} - \setbox2=\vtop to\dimen@{\unvbox2} - \onepageout\pagesofar \unvbox255 \penalty\outputpenalty - \else - \setbox0=\vbox{\unvbox5} - \ifvbox0 - \dimen@=\ht0 \advance\dimen@ by\topskip \advance\dimen@ by-\baselineskip - \divide\dimen@ by2 \splittopskip=\topskip \splitmaxdepth=\maxdepth - {\vbadness=10000 - \loop \global\setbox5=\copy0 - \setbox1=\vsplit5 to\dimen@ - \setbox3=\vsplit5 to\dimen@ - \ifvbox5 \global\advance\dimen@ by1pt \repeat - \setbox0=\vbox to\dimen@{\unvbox1} - \setbox2=\vbox to\dimen@{\unvbox3} - \global\setbox\partialpage=\vbox{\pagesofar} - \doublecolumnpagegoal - } - \fi - \fi +\def\enddoublecolumns{% + \output = {% + % Split the last of the double-column material. Leave it on the + % current page, no automatic page break. + \balancecolumns + % + % If we end up splitting too much material for the current page, + % though, there will be another page break right after this \output + % invocation ends. Having called \balancecolumns once, we do not + % want to call it again. Therefore, reset \output to its normal + % definition right away. (We hope \balancecolumns will never be + % called on to balance too much material, but if it is, this makes + % the output somewhat more palatable.) + \global\output = {\onepageout{\pagecontents\PAGE}}% + }% + \eject + \endgroup % started in \begindoublecolumns + % + % \pagegoal was set to the doubled \vsize above, since we restarted + % the current page. We're now back to normal single-column + % typesetting, so reset \pagegoal to the normal \vsize (after the + % \endgroup where \vsize got restored). + \pagegoal = \vsize +} +\def\balancecolumns{% + % Called at the end of the double column material. + \setbox0 = \vbox{\unvbox255}% like \box255 but more efficient, see p.120. + \dimen@ = \ht0 + \advance\dimen@ by \topskip + \advance\dimen@ by-\baselineskip + \divide\dimen@ by 2 % target to split to + %debug\message{final 2-column material height=\the\ht0, target=\the\dimen@.}% + \splittopskip = \topskip + % Loop until we get a decent breakpoint. + {% + \vbadness = 10000 + \loop + \global\setbox3 = \copy0 + \global\setbox1 = \vsplit3 to \dimen@ + \ifdim\ht3>\dimen@ + \global\advance\dimen@ by 1pt + \repeat + }% + %debug\message{split to \the\dimen@, column heights: \the\ht1, \the\ht3.}% + \setbox0=\vbox to\dimen@{\unvbox1}% + \setbox2=\vbox to\dimen@{\unvbox3}% + % + \pagesofar } +\catcode`\@ = \other + -\catcode `\@=\other \message{sectioning,} -% Define chapters, sections, etc. +% Chapters, sections, etc. -\newcount \chapno -\newcount \secno \secno=0 -\newcount \subsecno \subsecno=0 -\newcount \subsubsecno \subsubsecno=0 +\newcount\chapno +\newcount\secno \secno=0 +\newcount\subsecno \subsecno=0 +\newcount\subsubsecno \subsubsecno=0 % This counter is funny since it counts through charcodes of letters A, B, ... -\newcount \appendixno \appendixno = `\@ -\def\appendixletter{\char\the\appendixno} - -\newwrite \contentsfile -% This is called from \setfilename. -\def\opencontents{\openout \contentsfile = \jobname.toc} +\newcount\appendixno \appendixno = `\@ +% \def\appendixletter{\char\the\appendixno} +% We do the following for the sake of pdftex, which needs the actual +% letter in the expansion, not just typeset. +\def\appendixletter{% + \ifnum\appendixno=`A A% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`B B% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`C C% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`D D% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`E E% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`F F% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`G G% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`H H% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`I I% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`J J% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`K K% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`L L% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`M M% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`N N% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`O O% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`P P% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`Q Q% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`R R% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`S S% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`T T% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`U U% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`V V% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`W W% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`X X% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`Y Y% + \else\ifnum\appendixno=`Z Z% + % The \the is necessary, despite appearances, because \appendixletter is + % expanded while writing the .toc file. \char\appendixno is not + % expandable, thus it is written literally, thus all appendixes come out + % with the same letter (or @) in the toc without it. + \else\char\the\appendixno + \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi + \fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi\fi} % Each @chapter defines this as the name of the chapter. -% page headings and footings can use it. @section does likewise - -\def\thischapter{} \def\thissection{} -\def\seccheck#1{\if \pageno<0 % -\errmessage{@#1 not allowed after generating table of contents}\fi -% -} - -\def\chapternofonts{% -\let\rawbackslash=\relax% -\let\frenchspacing=\relax% -\def\result{\realbackslash result} -\def\equiv{\realbackslash equiv} -\def\expansion{\realbackslash expansion} -\def\print{\realbackslash print} -\def\TeX{\realbackslash TeX} -\def\dots{\realbackslash dots} -\def\copyright{\realbackslash copyright} -\def\tt{\realbackslash tt} -\def\bf{\realbackslash bf } -\def\w{\realbackslash w} -\def\less{\realbackslash less} -\def\gtr{\realbackslash gtr} -\def\hat{\realbackslash hat} -\def\char{\realbackslash char} -\def\tclose##1{\realbackslash tclose {##1}} -\def\code##1{\realbackslash code {##1}} -\def\samp##1{\realbackslash samp {##1}} -\def\r##1{\realbackslash r {##1}} -\def\b##1{\realbackslash b {##1}} -\def\key##1{\realbackslash key {##1}} -\def\file##1{\realbackslash file {##1}} -\def\kbd##1{\realbackslash kbd {##1}} -% These are redefined because @smartitalic wouldn't work inside xdef. -\def\i##1{\realbackslash i {##1}} -\def\cite##1{\realbackslash cite {##1}} -\def\var##1{\realbackslash var {##1}} -\def\emph##1{\realbackslash emph {##1}} -\def\dfn##1{\realbackslash dfn {##1}} -} +% page headings and footings can use it. @section does likewise. +\def\thischapter{} +\def\thissection{} \newcount\absseclevel % used to calculate proper heading level \newcount\secbase\secbase=0 % @raise/lowersections modify this count @@ -2631,57 +3354,59 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \fi } - +% @chapter, @appendix, @unnumbered. \def\thischaptername{No Chapter Title} \outer\def\chapter{\parsearg\chapteryyy} \def\chapteryyy #1{\numhead0{#1}} % normally numhead0 calls chapterzzz -\def\chapterzzz #1{\seccheck{chapter}% +\def\chapterzzz #1{% \secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0 -\global\advance \chapno by 1 \message{\putwordChapter \the\chapno}% +\global\advance \chapno by 1 \message{\putwordChapter\space \the\chapno}% \chapmacro {#1}{\the\chapno}% \gdef\thissection{#1}% \gdef\thischaptername{#1}% % We don't substitute the actual chapter name into \thischapter % because we don't want its macros evaluated now. \xdef\thischapter{\putwordChapter{} \the\chapno: \noexpand\thischaptername}% -{\chapternofonts% -\edef\temp{{\realbackslash chapentry {#1}{\the\chapno}{\noexpand\folio}}}% -\escapechar=`\\% -\write \contentsfile \temp % -\donoderef % +\toks0 = {#1}% +\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash chapentry{\the\toks0}% + {\the\chapno}}}% +\temp +\donoderef \global\let\section = \numberedsec \global\let\subsection = \numberedsubsec \global\let\subsubsection = \numberedsubsubsec -}} +} \outer\def\appendix{\parsearg\appendixyyy} \def\appendixyyy #1{\apphead0{#1}} % normally apphead0 calls appendixzzz -\def\appendixzzz #1{\seccheck{appendix}% +\def\appendixzzz #1{% \secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0 -\global\advance \appendixno by 1 \message{Appendix \appendixletter}% +\global\advance \appendixno by 1 +\message{\putwordAppendix\space \appendixletter}% \chapmacro {#1}{\putwordAppendix{} \appendixletter}% \gdef\thissection{#1}% \gdef\thischaptername{#1}% \xdef\thischapter{\putwordAppendix{} \appendixletter: \noexpand\thischaptername}% -{\chapternofonts% -\edef\temp{{\realbackslash chapentry - {#1}{\putwordAppendix{} \appendixletter}{\noexpand\folio}}}% -\escapechar=`\\% -\write \contentsfile \temp % -\appendixnoderef % +\toks0 = {#1}% +\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash chapentry{\the\toks0}% + {\putwordAppendix{} \appendixletter}}}% +\temp +\appendixnoderef \global\let\section = \appendixsec \global\let\subsection = \appendixsubsec \global\let\subsubsection = \appendixsubsubsec -}} +} % @centerchap is like @unnumbered, but the heading is centered. \outer\def\centerchap{\parsearg\centerchapyyy} \def\centerchapyyy #1{{\let\unnumbchapmacro=\centerchapmacro \unnumberedyyy{#1}}} +% @top is like @unnumbered. \outer\def\top{\parsearg\unnumberedyyy} + \outer\def\unnumbered{\parsearg\unnumberedyyy} \def\unnumberedyyy #1{\unnmhead0{#1}} % normally unnmhead0 calls unnumberedzzz -\def\unnumberedzzz #1{\seccheck{unnumbered}% +\def\unnumberedzzz #1{% \secno=0 \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0 % % This used to be simply \message{#1}, but TeX fully expands the @@ -2693,146 +3418,139 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % Anyway, we don't want the fully-expanded definition of @cite to appear % as a result of the \message, we just want `@cite' itself. We use % \the to achieve this: TeX expands \the only once, -% simply yielding the contents of the . +% simply yielding the contents of . (We also do this for +% the toc entries.) \toks0 = {#1}\message{(\the\toks0)}% % \unnumbchapmacro {#1}% \gdef\thischapter{#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}% -{\chapternofonts% -\edef\temp{{\realbackslash unnumbchapentry {#1}{\noexpand\folio}}}% -\escapechar=`\\% -\write \contentsfile \temp % -\unnumbnoderef % +\toks0 = {#1}% +\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash unnumbchapentry{\the\toks0}}}% +\temp +\unnumbnoderef \global\let\section = \unnumberedsec \global\let\subsection = \unnumberedsubsec \global\let\subsubsection = \unnumberedsubsubsec -}} +} +% Sections. \outer\def\numberedsec{\parsearg\secyyy} \def\secyyy #1{\numhead1{#1}} % normally calls seczzz -\def\seczzz #1{\seccheck{section}% +\def\seczzz #1{% \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \secno by 1 % \gdef\thissection{#1}\secheading {#1}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}% -{\chapternofonts% -\edef\temp{{\realbackslash secentry % -{#1}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\noexpand\folio}}}% -\escapechar=`\\% -\write \contentsfile \temp % -\donoderef % -\penalty 10000 % -}} +\toks0 = {#1}% +\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash secentry{\the\toks0}% + {\the\chapno}{\the\secno}}}% +\temp +\donoderef +\nobreak +} \outer\def\appendixsection{\parsearg\appendixsecyyy} \outer\def\appendixsec{\parsearg\appendixsecyyy} \def\appendixsecyyy #1{\apphead1{#1}} % normally calls appendixsectionzzz -\def\appendixsectionzzz #1{\seccheck{appendixsection}% +\def\appendixsectionzzz #1{% \subsecno=0 \subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \secno by 1 % \gdef\thissection{#1}\secheading {#1}{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}% -{\chapternofonts% -\edef\temp{{\realbackslash secentry % -{#1}{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\noexpand\folio}}}% -\escapechar=`\\% -\write \contentsfile \temp % -\appendixnoderef % -\penalty 10000 % -}} +\toks0 = {#1}% +\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash secentry{\the\toks0}% + {\appendixletter}{\the\secno}}}% +\temp +\appendixnoderef +\nobreak +} \outer\def\unnumberedsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsecyyy} \def\unnumberedsecyyy #1{\unnmhead1{#1}} % normally calls unnumberedseczzz -\def\unnumberedseczzz #1{\seccheck{unnumberedsec}% +\def\unnumberedseczzz #1{% \plainsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}% -{\chapternofonts% -\edef\temp{{\realbackslash unnumbsecentry{#1}{\noexpand\folio}}}% -\escapechar=`\\% -\write \contentsfile \temp % -\unnumbnoderef % -\penalty 10000 % -}} +\toks0 = {#1}% +\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash unnumbsecentry{\the\toks0}}}% +\temp +\unnumbnoderef +\nobreak +} +% Subsections. \outer\def\numberedsubsec{\parsearg\numberedsubsecyyy} \def\numberedsubsecyyy #1{\numhead2{#1}} % normally calls numberedsubseczzz -\def\numberedsubseczzz #1{\seccheck{subsection}% +\def\numberedsubseczzz #1{% \gdef\thissection{#1}\subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \subsecno by 1 % \subsecheading {#1}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}% -{\chapternofonts% -\edef\temp{{\realbackslash subsecentry % -{#1}{\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\noexpand\folio}}}% -\escapechar=`\\% -\write \contentsfile \temp % -\donoderef % -\penalty 10000 % -}} +\toks0 = {#1}% +\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash subsecentry{\the\toks0}% + {\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}}}% +\temp +\donoderef +\nobreak +} \outer\def\appendixsubsec{\parsearg\appendixsubsecyyy} \def\appendixsubsecyyy #1{\apphead2{#1}} % normally calls appendixsubseczzz -\def\appendixsubseczzz #1{\seccheck{appendixsubsec}% +\def\appendixsubseczzz #1{% \gdef\thissection{#1}\subsubsecno=0 \global\advance \subsecno by 1 % \subsecheading {#1}{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}% -{\chapternofonts% -\edef\temp{{\realbackslash subsecentry % -{#1}{\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\noexpand\folio}}}% -\escapechar=`\\% -\write \contentsfile \temp % -\appendixnoderef % -\penalty 10000 % -}} +\toks0 = {#1}% +\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash subsecentry{\the\toks0}% + {\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}}}% +\temp +\appendixnoderef +\nobreak +} \outer\def\unnumberedsubsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsubsecyyy} \def\unnumberedsubsecyyy #1{\unnmhead2{#1}} %normally calls unnumberedsubseczzz -\def\unnumberedsubseczzz #1{\seccheck{unnumberedsubsec}% -\plainsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}% -{\chapternofonts% -\edef\temp{{\realbackslash unnumbsubsecentry{#1}{\noexpand\folio}}}% -\escapechar=`\\% -\write \contentsfile \temp % -\unnumbnoderef % -\penalty 10000 % -}} +\def\unnumberedsubseczzz #1{% +\plainsubsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}% +\toks0 = {#1}% +\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash unnumbsubsecentry% + {\the\toks0}}}% +\temp +\unnumbnoderef +\nobreak +} +% Subsubsections. \outer\def\numberedsubsubsec{\parsearg\numberedsubsubsecyyy} \def\numberedsubsubsecyyy #1{\numhead3{#1}} % normally numberedsubsubseczzz -\def\numberedsubsubseczzz #1{\seccheck{subsubsection}% +\def\numberedsubsubseczzz #1{% \gdef\thissection{#1}\global\advance \subsubsecno by 1 % \subsubsecheading {#1} {\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}% -{\chapternofonts% -\edef\temp{{\realbackslash subsubsecentry % - {#1} - {\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno} - {\noexpand\folio}}}% -\escapechar=`\\% -\write \contentsfile \temp % -\donoderef % -\penalty 10000 % -}} +\toks0 = {#1}% +\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash subsubsecentry{\the\toks0}% + {\the\chapno}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}}}% +\temp +\donoderef +\nobreak +} \outer\def\appendixsubsubsec{\parsearg\appendixsubsubsecyyy} \def\appendixsubsubsecyyy #1{\apphead3{#1}} % normally appendixsubsubseczzz -\def\appendixsubsubseczzz #1{\seccheck{appendixsubsubsec}% +\def\appendixsubsubseczzz #1{% \gdef\thissection{#1}\global\advance \subsubsecno by 1 % \subsubsecheading {#1} {\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}% -{\chapternofonts% -\edef\temp{{\realbackslash subsubsecentry{#1}% - {\appendixletter} - {\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}{\noexpand\folio}}}% -\escapechar=`\\% -\write \contentsfile \temp % -\appendixnoderef % -\penalty 10000 % -}} +\toks0 = {#1}% +\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash subsubsecentry{\the\toks0}% + {\appendixletter}{\the\secno}{\the\subsecno}{\the\subsubsecno}}}% +\temp +\appendixnoderef +\nobreak +} \outer\def\unnumberedsubsubsec{\parsearg\unnumberedsubsubsecyyy} \def\unnumberedsubsubsecyyy #1{\unnmhead3{#1}} %normally unnumberedsubsubseczzz -\def\unnumberedsubsubseczzz #1{\seccheck{unnumberedsubsubsec}% -\plainsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}% -{\chapternofonts% -\edef\temp{{\realbackslash unnumbsubsubsecentry{#1}{\noexpand\folio}}}% -\escapechar=`\\% -\write \contentsfile \temp % -\unnumbnoderef % -\penalty 10000 % -}} +\def\unnumberedsubsubseczzz #1{% +\plainsubsubsecheading {#1}\gdef\thissection{#1}% +\toks0 = {#1}% +\edef\temp{\noexpand\writetocentry{\realbackslash unnumbsubsubsecentry% + {\the\toks0}}}% +\temp +\unnumbnoderef +\nobreak +} % These are variants which are not "outer", so they can appear in @ifinfo. % Actually, they should now be obsolete; ordinary section commands should work. @@ -2861,12 +3579,11 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % Define @majorheading, @heading and @subheading -% NOTE on use of \vbox for chapter headings, section headings, and -% such: -% 1) We use \vbox rather than the earlier \line to permit -% overlong headings to fold. -% 2) \hyphenpenalty is set to 10000 because hyphenation in a -% heading is obnoxious; this forbids it. +% NOTE on use of \vbox for chapter headings, section headings, and such: +% 1) We use \vbox rather than the earlier \line to permit +% overlong headings to fold. +% 2) \hyphenpenalty is set to 10000 because hyphenation in a +% heading is obnoxious; this forbids it. % 3) Likewise, headings look best if no \parindent is used, and % if justification is not attempted. Hence \raggedright. @@ -2884,11 +3601,10 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \parindent=0pt\raggedright \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\penalty 200} -\def\heading{\parsearg\secheadingi} - -\def\subheading{\parsearg\subsecheadingi} - -\def\subsubheading{\parsearg\subsubsecheadingi} +% @heading, @subheading, @subsubheading. +\def\heading{\parsearg\plainsecheading} +\def\subheading{\parsearg\plainsubsecheading} +\def\subsubheading{\parsearg\plainsubsubsecheading} % These macros generate a chapter, section, etc. heading only % (including whitespace, linebreaking, etc. around it), @@ -2902,7 +3618,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi %%% Define plain chapter starts, and page on/off switching for it % Parameter controlling skip before chapter headings (if needed) -\newskip \chapheadingskip \chapheadingskip = 30pt plus 8pt minus 4pt +\newskip\chapheadingskip \def\chapbreak{\dobreak \chapheadingskip {-4000}} \def\chappager{\par\vfill\supereject} @@ -2910,16 +3626,19 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\setchapternewpage #1 {\csname CHAPPAG#1\endcsname} -\def\CHAPPAGoff{ +\def\CHAPPAGoff{% +\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager \global\let\pchapsepmacro=\chapbreak \global\let\pagealignmacro=\chappager} -\def\CHAPPAGon{ +\def\CHAPPAGon{% +\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chappager \global\let\pchapsepmacro=\chappager \global\let\pagealignmacro=\chappager \global\def\HEADINGSon{\HEADINGSsingle}} \def\CHAPPAGodd{ +\global\let\contentsalignmacro = \chapoddpage \global\let\pchapsepmacro=\chapoddpage \global\let\pagealignmacro=\chapoddpage \global\def\HEADINGSon{\HEADINGSdouble}} @@ -2931,37 +3650,42 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \global\let\unnumbchapmacro=\unnchfplain \global\let\centerchapmacro=\centerchfplain} -\def\chfplain #1#2{% +% Plain chapter opening. +% #1 is the text, #2 the chapter number or empty if unnumbered. +\def\chfplain#1#2{% \pchapsepmacro {% - \chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000 - \parindent=0pt\raggedright - \rm #2\enspace #1}% + \chapfonts \rm + \def\chapnum{#2}% + \setbox0 = \hbox{#2\ifx\chapnum\empty\else\enspace\fi}% + \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000 \tolerance=5000 \parindent=0pt \raggedright + \hangindent = \wd0 \centerparametersmaybe + \unhbox0 #1\par}% }% - \bigskip - \penalty5000 + \nobreak\bigskip % no page break after a chapter title + \nobreak } -\def\unnchfplain #1{% -\pchapsepmacro % -{\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000 - \parindent=0pt\raggedright - \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\penalty 10000 % -} +% Plain opening for unnumbered. +\def\unnchfplain#1{\chfplain{#1}{}} -\def\centerchfplain #1{% -\pchapsepmacro % -{\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000 - \parindent=0pt - {\rm #1}\hfill}}\bigskip \par\penalty 10000 % -} +% @centerchap -- centered and unnumbered. +\let\centerparametersmaybe = \relax +\def\centerchfplain#1{{% + \def\centerparametersmaybe{% + \advance\rightskip by 3\rightskip + \leftskip = \rightskip + \parfillskip = 0pt + }% + \chfplain{#1}{}% +}} \CHAPFplain % The default \def\unnchfopen #1{% \chapoddpage {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000 \parindent=0pt\raggedright - \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\penalty 10000 % + \rm #1\hfill}}\bigskip \par\nobreak } \def\chfopen #1#2{\chapoddpage {\chapfonts @@ -2972,7 +3696,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\centerchfopen #1{% \chapoddpage {\chapfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000 \parindent=0pt - \hfill {\rm #1}\hfill}}\bigskip \par\penalty 10000 % + \hfill {\rm #1}\hfill}}\bigskip \par\nobreak } \def\CHAPFopen{ @@ -2980,87 +3704,122 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \global\let\unnumbchapmacro=\unnchfopen \global\let\centerchapmacro=\centerchfopen} -% Parameter controlling skip before section headings. -\newskip \subsecheadingskip \subsecheadingskip = 17pt plus 8pt minus 4pt +% Section titles. +\newskip\secheadingskip +\def\secheadingbreak{\dobreak \secheadingskip {-1000}} +\def\secheading#1#2#3{\sectionheading{sec}{#2.#3}{#1}} +\def\plainsecheading#1{\sectionheading{sec}{}{#1}} + +% Subsection titles. +\newskip \subsecheadingskip \def\subsecheadingbreak{\dobreak \subsecheadingskip {-500}} +\def\subsecheading#1#2#3#4{\sectionheading{subsec}{#2.#3.#4}{#1}} +\def\plainsubsecheading#1{\sectionheading{subsec}{}{#1}} -\newskip \secheadingskip \secheadingskip = 21pt plus 8pt minus 4pt -\def\secheadingbreak{\dobreak \secheadingskip {-1000}} +% Subsubsection titles. +\let\subsubsecheadingskip = \subsecheadingskip +\let\subsubsecheadingbreak = \subsecheadingbreak +\def\subsubsecheading#1#2#3#4#5{\sectionheading{subsubsec}{#2.#3.#4.#5}{#1}} +\def\plainsubsubsecheading#1{\sectionheading{subsubsec}{}{#1}} -% @paragraphindent is defined for the Info formatting commands only. -\let\paragraphindent=\comment - -% Section fonts are the base font at magstep2, which produces -% a size a bit more than 14 points in the default situation. - -\def\secheading #1#2#3{\secheadingi {#2.#3\enspace #1}} -\def\plainsecheading #1{\secheadingi {#1}} -\def\secheadingi #1{{\advance \secheadingskip by \parskip % -\secheadingbreak}% -{\secfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000 - \parindent=0pt\raggedright - \rm #1\hfill}}% -\ifdim \parskip<10pt \kern 10pt\kern -\parskip\fi \penalty 10000 } - - -% Subsection fonts are the base font at magstep1, -% which produces a size of 12 points. - -\def\subsecheading #1#2#3#4{\subsecheadingi {#2.#3.#4\enspace #1}} -\def\subsecheadingi #1{{\advance \subsecheadingskip by \parskip % -\subsecheadingbreak}% -{\subsecfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000 - \parindent=0pt\raggedright - \rm #1\hfill}}% -\ifdim \parskip<10pt \kern 10pt\kern -\parskip\fi \penalty 10000 } - -\def\subsubsecfonts{\subsecfonts} % Maybe this should change: - % Perhaps make sssec fonts scaled - % magstep half -\def\subsubsecheading #1#2#3#4#5{\subsubsecheadingi {#2.#3.#4.#5\enspace #1}} -\def\subsubsecheadingi #1{{\advance \subsecheadingskip by \parskip % -\subsecheadingbreak}% -{\subsubsecfonts \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000\tolerance=5000 - \parindent=0pt\raggedright - \rm #1\hfill}}% -\ifdim \parskip<10pt \kern 10pt\kern -\parskip\fi \penalty 10000} + +% Print any size section title. +% +% #1 is the section type (sec/subsec/subsubsec), #2 is the section +% number (maybe empty), #3 the text. +\def\sectionheading#1#2#3{% + {% + \expandafter\advance\csname #1headingskip\endcsname by \parskip + \csname #1headingbreak\endcsname + }% + {% + % Switch to the right set of fonts. + \csname #1fonts\endcsname \rm + % + % Only insert the separating space if we have a section number. + \def\secnum{#2}% + \setbox0 = \hbox{#2\ifx\secnum\empty\else\enspace\fi}% + % + \vbox{\hyphenpenalty=10000 \tolerance=5000 \parindent=0pt \raggedright + \hangindent = \wd0 % zero if no section number + \unhbox0 #3}% + }% + \ifdim\parskip<10pt \nobreak\kern10pt\nobreak\kern-\parskip\fi \nobreak +} -\message{toc printing,} +\message{toc,} +% Table of contents. +\newwrite\tocfile -% Finish up the main text and prepare to read what we've written -% to \contentsfile. +% Write an entry to the toc file, opening it if necessary. +% Called from @chapter, etc. We supply {\folio} at the end of the +% argument, which will end up as the last argument to the \...entry macro. +% +% We open the .toc file here instead of at @setfilename or any other +% given time so that @contents can be put in the document anywhere. +% +\newif\iftocfileopened +\def\writetocentry#1{% + \iftocfileopened\else + \immediate\openout\tocfile = \jobname.toc + \global\tocfileopenedtrue + \fi + \iflinks \write\tocfile{#1{\folio}}\fi +} \newskip\contentsrightmargin \contentsrightmargin=1in +\newcount\savepageno +\newcount\lastnegativepageno \lastnegativepageno = -1 + +% Finish up the main text and prepare to read what we've written +% to \tocfile. +% \def\startcontents#1{% - \pagealignmacro - \immediate\closeout \contentsfile - \ifnum \pageno>0 - \pageno = -1 % Request roman numbered pages. - \fi + % If @setchapternewpage on, and @headings double, the contents should + % start on an odd page, unlike chapters. Thus, we maintain + % \contentsalignmacro in parallel with \pagealignmacro. + % From: Torbjorn Granlund + \contentsalignmacro + \immediate\closeout\tocfile + % % Don't need to put `Contents' or `Short Contents' in the headline. % It is abundantly clear what they are. \unnumbchapmacro{#1}\def\thischapter{}% - \begingroup % Set up to handle contents files properly. + \savepageno = \pageno + \begingroup % Set up to handle contents files properly. \catcode`\\=0 \catcode`\{=1 \catcode`\}=2 \catcode`\@=11 - \catcode`\^=7 % to see ^^e4 as \"a etc. juha@piuha.ydi.vtt.fi + % We can't do this, because then an actual ^ in a section + % title fails, e.g., @chapter ^ -- exponentiation. --karl, 9jul97. + %\catcode`\^=7 % to see ^^e4 as \"a etc. juha@piuha.ydi.vtt.fi \raggedbottom % Worry more about breakpoints than the bottom. \advance\hsize by -\contentsrightmargin % Don't use the full line length. + % + % Roman numerals for page numbers. + \ifnum \pageno>0 \pageno = \lastnegativepageno \fi } % Normal (long) toc. -\outer\def\contents{% - \startcontents{\putwordTableofContents}% - \input \jobname.toc +\def\contents{% + \startcontents{\putwordTOC}% + \openin 1 \jobname.toc + \ifeof 1 \else + \closein 1 + \input \jobname.toc + \fi + \vfill \eject + \contentsalignmacro % in case @setchapternewpage odd is in effect + \pdfmakeoutlines \endgroup - \vfill \eject + \lastnegativepageno = \pageno + \pageno = \savepageno } % And just the chapters. -\outer\def\summarycontents{% - \startcontents{\putwordShortContents}% +\def\summarycontents{% + \startcontents{\putwordShortTOC}% % \let\chapentry = \shortchapentry \let\unnumbchapentry = \shortunnumberedentry @@ -3068,6 +3827,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \secfonts \let\rm=\shortcontrm \let\bf=\shortcontbf \let\sl=\shortcontsl \rm + \hyphenpenalty = 10000 \advance\baselineskip by 1pt % Open it up a little. \def\secentry ##1##2##3##4{} \def\unnumbsecentry ##1##2{} @@ -3075,12 +3835,23 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\unnumbsubsecentry ##1##2{} \def\subsubsecentry ##1##2##3##4##5##6{} \def\unnumbsubsubsecentry ##1##2{} - \input \jobname.toc + \openin 1 \jobname.toc + \ifeof 1 \else + \closein 1 + \input \jobname.toc + \fi + \vfill \eject + \contentsalignmacro % in case @setchapternewpage odd is in effect \endgroup - \vfill \eject + \lastnegativepageno = \pageno + \pageno = \savepageno } \let\shortcontents = \summarycontents +\ifpdf + \pdfcatalog{/PageMode /UseOutlines}% +\fi + % These macros generate individual entries in the table of contents. % The first argument is the chapter or section name. % The last argument is the page number. @@ -3091,7 +3862,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % See comments in \dochapentry re vbox and related settings \def\shortchapentry#1#2#3{% - \tocentry{\shortchaplabel{#2}\labelspace #1}{\doshortpageno{#3}}% + \tocentry{\shortchaplabel{#2}\labelspace #1}{\doshortpageno\bgroup#3\egroup}% } % Typeset the label for a chapter or appendix for the short contents. @@ -3099,10 +3870,14 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % We could simplify the code here by writing out an \appendixentry % command in the toc file for appendices, instead of using \chapentry % for both, but it doesn't seem worth it. -\setbox0 = \hbox{\shortcontrm \putwordAppendix } -\newdimen\shortappendixwidth \shortappendixwidth = \wd0 - +% +\newdimen\shortappendixwidth +% \def\shortchaplabel#1{% + % Compute width of word "Appendix", may change with language. + \setbox0 = \hbox{\shortcontrm \putwordAppendix}% + \shortappendixwidth = \wd0 + % % We typeset #1 in a box of constant width, regardless of the text of % #1, so the chapter titles will come out aligned. \setbox0 = \hbox{#1}% @@ -3111,13 +3886,13 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % This space should be plenty, since a single number is .5em, and the % widest letter (M) is 1em, at least in the Computer Modern fonts. % (This space doesn't include the extra space that gets added after - % the label; that gets put in in \shortchapentry above.) + % the label; that gets put in by \shortchapentry above.) \advance\dimen0 by 1.1em \hbox to \dimen0{#1\hfil}% } \def\unnumbchapentry#1#2{\dochapentry{#1}{#2}} -\def\shortunnumberedentry#1#2{\tocentry{#1}{\doshortpageno{#2}}} +\def\shortunnumberedentry#1#2{\tocentry{#1}{\doshortpageno\bgroup#2\egroup}} % Sections. \def\secentry#1#2#3#4{\dosecentry{#2.#3\labelspace#1}{#4}} @@ -3132,48 +3907,48 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \dosubsubsecentry{#2.#3.#4.#5\labelspace#1}{#6}} \def\unnumbsubsubsecentry#1#2{\dosubsubsecentry{#1}{#2}} - % This parameter controls the indentation of the various levels. \newdimen\tocindent \tocindent = 3pc % Now for the actual typesetting. In all these, #1 is the text and #2 is the % page number. % -% If the toc has to be broken over pages, we would want to be at chapters +% If the toc has to be broken over pages, we want it to be at chapters % if at all possible; hence the \penalty. \def\dochapentry#1#2{% - \penalty-300 \vskip\baselineskip + \penalty-300 \vskip1\baselineskip plus.33\baselineskip minus.25\baselineskip \begingroup \chapentryfonts - \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno{#2}}% + \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno\bgroup#2\egroup}% \endgroup - \nobreak\vskip .25\baselineskip + \nobreak\vskip .25\baselineskip plus.1\baselineskip } \def\dosecentry#1#2{\begingroup \secentryfonts \leftskip=\tocindent - \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno{#2}}% + \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno\bgroup#2\egroup}% \endgroup} \def\dosubsecentry#1#2{\begingroup \subsecentryfonts \leftskip=2\tocindent - \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno{#2}}% + \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno\bgroup#2\egroup}% \endgroup} \def\dosubsubsecentry#1#2{\begingroup \subsubsecentryfonts \leftskip=3\tocindent - \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno{#2}}% + \tocentry{#1}{\dopageno\bgroup#2\egroup}% \endgroup} % Final typesetting of a toc entry; we use the same \entry macro as for % the index entries, but we want to suppress hyphenation here. (We % can't do that in the \entry macro, since index entries might consist % of hyphenated-identifiers-that-do-not-fit-on-a-line-and-nothing-else.) -% -% \turnoffactive is for the sake of @" used for umlauts. \def\tocentry#1#2{\begingroup - \hyphenpenalty = 10000 - \entry{\turnoffactive #1}{\turnoffactive #2}% + \vskip 0pt plus1pt % allow a little stretch for the sake of nice page breaks + % Do not use \turnoffactive in these arguments. Since the toc is + % typeset in cmr, so characters such as _ would come out wrong; we + % have to do the usual translation tricks. + \entry{#1}{#2}% \endgroup} % Space between chapter (or whatever) number and the title. @@ -3189,6 +3964,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \message{environments,} +% @foo ... @end foo. % Since these characters are used in examples, it should be an even number of % \tt widths. Each \tt character is 1en, so two makes it 1em. @@ -3197,8 +3973,6 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \newbox\pushcharbox \newbox\bullbox \newbox\equivbox \newbox\errorbox -\let\ptexequiv = \equiv - %{\tentt %\global\setbox\dblarrowbox = \hbox to 1em{\hfil$\Rightarrow$\hfil} %\global\setbox\longdblarrowbox = \hbox to 1em{\hfil$\mapsto$\hfil} @@ -3209,12 +3983,11 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % depth .1ex\hfil} %} +% @point{}, @result{}, @expansion{}, @print{}, @equiv{}. \def\point{$\star$} - \def\result{\leavevmode\raise.15ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\Rightarrow$\hfil}} \def\expansion{\leavevmode\raise.1ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\mapsto$\hfil}} \def\print{\leavevmode\lower.1ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\dashv$\hfil}} - \def\equiv{\leavevmode\lower.1ex\hbox to 1em{\hfil$\ptexequiv$\hfil}} % Adapted from the TeXbook's \boxit. @@ -3242,31 +4015,36 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % But \@ or @@ will get a plain tex @ character. \def\tex{\begingroup -\catcode `\\=0 \catcode `\{=1 \catcode `\}=2 -\catcode `\$=3 \catcode `\&=4 \catcode `\#=6 -\catcode `\^=7 \catcode `\_=8 \catcode `\~=13 \let~=\tie -\catcode `\%=14 -\catcode 43=12 -\catcode`\"=12 -\catcode`\==12 -\catcode`\|=12 -\catcode`\<=12 -\catcode`\>=12 -\escapechar=`\\ -% -\let\~=\ptextilde -\let\{=\ptexlbrace -\let\}=\ptexrbrace -\let\.=\ptexdot -\let\*=\ptexstar -\let\dots=\ptexdots -\def\endldots{\mathinner{\ldots\ldots\ldots\ldots}} -\def\enddots{\relax\ifmmode\endldots\else$\mathsurround=0pt \endldots\,$\fi} -\def\@{@}% -\let\bullet=\ptexbullet -\let\b=\ptexb \let\c=\ptexc \let\i=\ptexi \let\t=\ptext \let\l=\ptexl -\let\L=\ptexL -% + \catcode `\\=0 \catcode `\{=1 \catcode `\}=2 + \catcode `\$=3 \catcode `\&=4 \catcode `\#=6 + \catcode `\^=7 \catcode `\_=8 \catcode `\~=13 \let~=\tie + \catcode `\%=14 + \catcode 43=12 % plus + \catcode`\"=12 + \catcode`\==12 + \catcode`\|=12 + \catcode`\<=12 + \catcode`\>=12 + \escapechar=`\\ + % + \let\b=\ptexb + \let\bullet=\ptexbullet + \let\c=\ptexc + \let\,=\ptexcomma + \let\.=\ptexdot + \let\dots=\ptexdots + \let\equiv=\ptexequiv + \let\!=\ptexexclam + \let\i=\ptexi + \let\{=\ptexlbrace + \let\+=\tabalign + \let\}=\ptexrbrace + \let\*=\ptexstar + \let\t=\ptext + % + \def\endldots{\mathinner{\ldots\ldots\ldots\ldots}}% + \def\enddots{\relax\ifmmode\endldots\else$\mathsurround=0pt \endldots\,$\fi}% + \def\@{@}% \let\Etex=\endgroup} % Define @lisp ... @endlisp. @@ -3311,8 +4089,8 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % \nonarrowing is a flag. If "set", @lisp etc don't narrow margins. \let\nonarrowing=\relax -%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%%% -% \cartouche: draw rectangle w/rounded corners around argument +% @cartouche ... @end cartouche: draw rectangle w/rounded corners around +% environment contents. \font\circle=lcircle10 \newdimen\circthick \newdimen\cartouter\newdimen\cartinner @@ -3324,50 +4102,50 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\cbl{{\circle\char'012\hskip -6pt}} \def\cbr{{\hskip 6pt\circle\char'011}} \def\carttop{\hbox to \cartouter{\hskip\lskip - \ctl\leaders\hrule height\circthick\hfil\ctr - \hskip\rskip}} + \ctl\leaders\hrule height\circthick\hfil\ctr + \hskip\rskip}} \def\cartbot{\hbox to \cartouter{\hskip\lskip - \cbl\leaders\hrule height\circthick\hfil\cbr - \hskip\rskip}} + \cbl\leaders\hrule height\circthick\hfil\cbr + \hskip\rskip}} % \newskip\lskip\newskip\rskip \long\def\cartouche{% \begingroup - \lskip=\leftskip \rskip=\rightskip - \leftskip=0pt\rightskip=0pt %we want these *outside*. - \cartinner=\hsize \advance\cartinner by-\lskip - \advance\cartinner by-\rskip - \cartouter=\hsize - \advance\cartouter by 18pt % allow for 3pt kerns on either -% side, and for 6pt waste from -% each corner char - \normbskip=\baselineskip \normpskip=\parskip \normlskip=\lineskip - % Flag to tell @lisp, etc., not to narrow margin. - \let\nonarrowing=\comment - \vbox\bgroup - \baselineskip=0pt\parskip=0pt\lineskip=0pt - \carttop - \hbox\bgroup - \hskip\lskip - \vrule\kern3pt - \vbox\bgroup - \hsize=\cartinner - \kern3pt - \begingroup - \baselineskip=\normbskip - \lineskip=\normlskip - \parskip=\normpskip - \vskip -\parskip + \lskip=\leftskip \rskip=\rightskip + \leftskip=0pt\rightskip=0pt %we want these *outside*. + \cartinner=\hsize \advance\cartinner by-\lskip + \advance\cartinner by-\rskip + \cartouter=\hsize + \advance\cartouter by 18.4pt % allow for 3pt kerns on either +% side, and for 6pt waste from +% each corner char, and rule thickness + \normbskip=\baselineskip \normpskip=\parskip \normlskip=\lineskip + % Flag to tell @lisp, etc., not to narrow margin. + \let\nonarrowing=\comment + \vbox\bgroup + \baselineskip=0pt\parskip=0pt\lineskip=0pt + \carttop + \hbox\bgroup + \hskip\lskip + \vrule\kern3pt + \vbox\bgroup + \hsize=\cartinner + \kern3pt + \begingroup + \baselineskip=\normbskip + \lineskip=\normlskip + \parskip=\normpskip + \vskip -\parskip \def\Ecartouche{% - \endgroup - \kern3pt - \egroup - \kern3pt\vrule - \hskip\rskip - \egroup - \cartbot - \egroup + \endgroup + \kern3pt + \egroup + \kern3pt\vrule + \hskip\rskip + \egroup + \cartbot + \egroup \endgroup }} @@ -3395,49 +4173,52 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \fi } -% To ending an @example-like environment, we first end the paragraph -% (via \afterenvbreak's vertical glue), and then the group. That way we -% keep the zero \parskip that the environments set -- \parskip glue -% will be inserted at the beginning of the next paragraph in the -% document, after the environment. +% Define the \E... control sequence only if we are inside the particular +% environment, so the error checking in \end will work. +% +% To end an @example-like environment, we first end the paragraph (via +% \afterenvbreak's vertical glue), and then the group. That way we keep +% the zero \parskip that the environments set -- \parskip glue will be +% inserted at the beginning of the next paragraph in the document, after +% the environment. % -\def\nonfillfinish{\afterenvbreak\endgroup}% +\def\nonfillfinish{\afterenvbreak\endgroup} -% This macro is +% @lisp: indented, narrowed, typewriter font. \def\lisp{\begingroup \nonfillstart \let\Elisp = \nonfillfinish \tt - \rawbackslash % have \ input char produce \ char from current font - \gobble + \let\kbdfont = \kbdexamplefont % Allow @kbd to do something special. + \gobble % eat return } -% Define the \E... control sequence only if we are inside the -% environment, so the error checking in \end will work. -% -% We must call \lisp last in the definition, since it reads the -% return following the @example (or whatever) command. -% +% @example: Same as @lisp. \def\example{\begingroup \def\Eexample{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\lisp} -\def\smallexample{\begingroup \def\Esmallexample{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\lisp} -\def\smalllisp{\begingroup \def\Esmalllisp{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\lisp} -% @smallexample and @smalllisp. This is not used unless the @smallbook -% command is given. Originally contributed by Pavel@xerox. +% @small... is usually equivalent to the non-small (@smallbook +% redefines). We must call \example (or whatever) last in the +% definition, since it reads the return following the @example (or +% whatever) command. % +% This actually allows (for example) @end display inside an +% @smalldisplay. Too bad, but makeinfo will catch the error anyway. +% +\def\smalldisplay{\begingroup\def\Esmalldisplay{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\display} +\def\smallexample{\begingroup\def\Esmallexample{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\lisp} +\def\smallformat{\begingroup\def\Esmallformat{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\format} +\def\smalllisp{\begingroup\def\Esmalllisp{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\lisp} + +% Real @smallexample and @smalllisp (when @smallbook): use smaller fonts. +% Originally contributed by Pavel@xerox. \def\smalllispx{\begingroup - \nonfillstart - \let\Esmalllisp = \nonfillfinish - \let\Esmallexample = \nonfillfinish - % - % Smaller interline space and fonts for small examples. - \setleading{10pt}% - \indexfonts \tt - \rawbackslash % make \ output the \ character from the current font (tt) - \gobble + \def\Esmalllisp{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}% + \def\Esmallexample{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}% + \smallfonts + \lisp } -% This is @display; same as @lisp except use roman font. +% @display: same as @lisp except keep current font. % \def\display{\begingroup \nonfillstart @@ -3445,7 +4226,15 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \gobble } -% This is @format; same as @display except don't narrow margins. +% @smalldisplay (when @smallbook): @display plus smaller fonts. +% +\def\smalldisplayx{\begingroup + \def\Esmalldisplay{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}% + \smallfonts \rm + \display +} + +% @format: same as @display except don't narrow margins. % \def\format{\begingroup \let\nonarrowing = t @@ -3454,20 +4243,27 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \gobble } -% @flushleft (same as @format) and @flushright. +% @smallformat (when @smallbook): @format plus smaller fonts. % -\def\flushleft{\begingroup - \let\nonarrowing = t - \nonfillstart - \let\Eflushleft = \nonfillfinish - \gobble +\def\smallformatx{\begingroup + \def\Esmallformat{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}% + \smallfonts \rm + \format } + +% @flushleft (same as @format). +% +\def\flushleft{\begingroup \def\Eflushleft{\nonfillfinish\endgroup}\format} + +% @flushright. +% \def\flushright{\begingroup \let\nonarrowing = t \nonfillstart \let\Eflushright = \nonfillfinish \advance\leftskip by 0pt plus 1fill - \gobble} + \gobble +} % @quotation does normal linebreaking (hence we can't use \nonfillstart) % and narrows the margins. @@ -3490,9 +4286,11 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \fi } + \message{defuns,} -% Define formatter for defuns -% First, allow user to change definition object font (\df) internally +% @defun etc. + +% Allow user to change definition object font (\df) internally \def\setdeffont #1 {\csname DEF#1\endcsname} \newskip\defbodyindent \defbodyindent=.4in @@ -3526,16 +4324,17 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % Definitions of (, ) and & used in args for functions. % This is the definition of ( outside of all parentheses. -\gdef\oprm#1 {{\rm\char`\(}#1 \bf \let(=\opnested % -\global\advance\parencount by 1 } +\gdef\oprm#1 {{\rm\char`\(}#1 \bf \let(=\opnested + \global\advance\parencount by 1 +} % % This is the definition of ( when already inside a level of parens. \gdef\opnested{\char`\(\global\advance\parencount by 1 } % \gdef\clrm{% Print a paren in roman if it is taking us back to depth of 0. -% also in that case restore the outer-level definition of (. -\ifnum \parencount=1 {\rm \char `\)}\sl \let(=\oprm \else \char `\) \fi -\global\advance \parencount by -1 } + % also in that case restore the outer-level definition of (. + \ifnum \parencount=1 {\rm \char `\)}\sl \let(=\oprm \else \char `\) \fi + \global\advance \parencount by -1 } % If we encounter &foo, then turn on ()-hacking afterwards \gdef\amprm#1 {{\rm\}\let(=\oprm \let)=\clrm\ } % @@ -3543,8 +4342,17 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi } % End of definition inside \activeparens %% These parens (in \boldbrax) actually are a little bolder than the %% contained text. This is especially needed for [ and ] -\def\opnr{{\sf\char`\(}} \def\clnr{{\sf\char`\)}} \def\ampnr{\&} -\def\lbrb{{\bf\char`\[}} \def\rbrb{{\bf\char`\]}} +\def\opnr{{\sf\char`\(}\global\advance\parencount by 1 } +\def\clnr{{\sf\char`\)}\global\advance\parencount by -1 } +\let\ampnr = \& +\def\lbrb{{\bf\char`\[}} +\def\rbrb{{\bf\char`\]}} + +% Active &'s sneak into the index arguments, so make sure it's defined. +{ + \catcode`& = 13 + \global\let& = \ampnr +} % First, defname, which formats the header line itself. % #1 should be the function name. @@ -3555,20 +4363,18 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % outside the @def... \dimen2=\leftskip \advance\dimen2 by -\defbodyindent -\dimen3=\rightskip -\advance\dimen3 by -\defbodyindent -\noindent % +\noindent \setbox0=\hbox{\hskip \deflastargmargin{\rm #2}\hskip \deftypemargin}% \dimen0=\hsize \advance \dimen0 by -\wd0 % compute size for first line \dimen1=\hsize \advance \dimen1 by -\defargsindent %size for continuations -\parshape 2 0in \dimen0 \defargsindent \dimen1 % +\parshape 2 0in \dimen0 \defargsindent \dimen1 % Now output arg 2 ("Function" or some such) % ending at \deftypemargin from the right margin, % but stuck inside a box of width 0 so it does not interfere with linebreaking {% Adjust \hsize to exclude the ambient margins, % so that \rightline will obey them. -\advance \hsize by -\dimen2 \advance \hsize by -\dimen3 -\rlap{\rightline{{\rm #2}\hskip \deftypemargin}}}% +\advance \hsize by -\dimen2 +\rlap{\rightline{{\rm #2}\hskip -1.25pc }}}% % Make all lines underfull and no complaints: \tolerance=10000 \hbadness=10000 \advance\leftskip by -\defbodyindent @@ -3589,23 +4395,62 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def#1{\endgraf\endgroup\medbreak}% \def#2{\begingroup\obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit#3}% \parindent=0in -\advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent \advance \rightskip by \defbodyindent +\advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent \exdentamount=\defbodyindent \begingroup % \catcode 61=\active % 61 is `=' \obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit#3} -\def\defmethparsebody #1#2#3#4 {\begingroup\inENV % +% #1 is the \E... control sequence to end the definition (which we define). +% #2 is the \...x control sequence for consecutive fns (which we define). +% #3 is the control sequence to call to resume processing. +% #4, delimited by the space, is the class name. +% +\def\defmethparsebody#1#2#3#4 {\begingroup\inENV % \medbreak % % Define the end token that this defining construct specifies % so that it will exit this group. \def#1{\endgraf\endgroup\medbreak}% \def#2##1 {\begingroup\obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit{#3{##1}}}% \parindent=0in -\advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent \advance \rightskip by \defbodyindent +\advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent \exdentamount=\defbodyindent \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit{#3{#4}}} +% Used for @deftypemethod and @deftypeivar. +% #1 is the \E... control sequence to end the definition (which we define). +% #2 is the \...x control sequence for consecutive fns (which we define). +% #3 is the control sequence to call to resume processing. +% #4, delimited by a space, is the class name. +% #5 is the method's return type. +% +\def\deftypemethparsebody#1#2#3#4 #5 {\begingroup\inENV + \medbreak + \def#1{\endgraf\endgroup\medbreak}% + \def#2##1 ##2 {\begingroup\obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit{#3{##1}{##2}}}% + \parindent=0in + \advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent + \exdentamount=\defbodyindent + \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit{#3{#4}{#5}}} + +% Used for @deftypeop. The change from \deftypemethparsebody is an +% extra argument at the beginning which is the `category', instead of it +% being the hardwired string `Method' or `Instance Variable'. We have +% to account for this both in the \...x definition and in parsing the +% input at hand. Thus also need a control sequence (passed as #5) for +% the \E... definition to assign the category name to. +% +\def\deftypeopparsebody#1#2#3#4#5 #6 {\begingroup\inENV + \medbreak + \def#1{\endgraf\endgroup\medbreak}% + \def#2##1 ##2 ##3 {% + \def#4{##1}% + \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit{#3{##2}{##3}}}% + \parindent=0in + \advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent + \exdentamount=\defbodyindent + \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit{#3{#5}{#6}}} + \def\defopparsebody #1#2#3#4#5 {\begingroup\inENV % \medbreak % % Define the end token that this defining construct specifies @@ -3614,7 +4459,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def#2##1 ##2 {\def#4{##1}% \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit{#3{##2}}}% \parindent=0in -\advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent \advance \rightskip by \defbodyindent +\advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent \exdentamount=\defbodyindent \begingroup\obeylines\activeparens\spacesplit{#3{#5}}} @@ -3629,7 +4474,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def#1{\endgraf\endgroup\medbreak}% \def#2{\begingroup\obeylines\spacesplit#3}% \parindent=0in -\advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent \advance \rightskip by \defbodyindent +\advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent \exdentamount=\defbodyindent \begingroup % \catcode 61=\active % @@ -3637,7 +4482,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % This is used for \def{tp,vr}parsebody. It could probably be used for % some of the others, too, with some judicious conditionals. -% +% \def\parsebodycommon#1#2#3{% \begingroup\inENV % \medbreak % @@ -3646,7 +4491,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def#1{\endgraf\endgroup\medbreak}% \def#2##1 {\begingroup\obeylines\spacesplit{#3{##1}}}% \parindent=0in - \advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent \advance \rightskip by \defbodyindent + \advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent \exdentamount=\defbodyindent \begingroup\obeylines } @@ -3671,17 +4516,16 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi } % Fine, but then we have to eventually remove the \empty *and* the -% braces (if any). That's what this does, putting the result in \tptemp. -% -\def\removeemptybraces\empty#1\relax{\def\tptemp{#1}}% +% braces (if any). That's what this does. +% +\def\removeemptybraces\empty#1\relax{#1} % After \spacesplit has done its work, this is called -- #1 is the final % thing to call, #2 the type name (which starts with \empty), and #3 % (which might be empty) the arguments. -% +% \def\parsetpheaderline#1#2#3{% - \removeemptybraces#2\relax - #1{\tptemp}{#3}% + #1{\removeemptybraces#2\relax}{#3}% }% \def\defopvarparsebody #1#2#3#4#5 {\begingroup\inENV % @@ -3692,7 +4536,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def#2##1 ##2 {\def#4{##1}% \begingroup\obeylines\spacesplit{#3{##2}}}% \parindent=0in -\advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent \advance \rightskip by \defbodyindent +\advance\leftskip by \defbodyindent \exdentamount=\defbodyindent \begingroup\obeylines\spacesplit{#3{#5}}} @@ -3716,16 +4560,17 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % First, define the processing that is wanted for arguments of \defun % Use this to expand the args and terminate the paragraph they make up -\def\defunargs #1{\functionparens \sl +\def\defunargs#1{\functionparens \sl % Expand, preventing hyphenation at `-' chars. % Note that groups don't affect changes in \hyphenchar. -\hyphenchar\tensl=0 +% Set the font temporarily and use \font in case \setfont made \tensl a macro. +{\tensl\hyphenchar\font=0}% #1% -\hyphenchar\tensl=45 -\ifnum\parencount=0 \else \errmessage{unbalanced parens in @def arguments}\fi% +{\tensl\hyphenchar\font=45}% +\ifnum\parencount=0 \else \errmessage{Unbalanced parentheses in @def}\fi% \interlinepenalty=10000 \advance\rightskip by 0pt plus 1fil -\endgraf\penalty 10000\vskip -\parskip\penalty 10000% +\endgraf\nobreak\vskip -\parskip\nobreak } \def\deftypefunargs #1{% @@ -3736,7 +4581,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \tclose{#1}% avoid \code because of side effects on active chars \interlinepenalty=10000 \advance\rightskip by 0pt plus 1fil -\endgraf\penalty 10000\vskip -\parskip\penalty 10000% +\endgraf\nobreak\vskip -\parskip\nobreak } % Do complete processing of one @defun or @defunx line already parsed. @@ -3755,7 +4600,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\defun{\defparsebody\Edefun\defunx\defunheader} \def\defunheader #1#2{\doind {fn}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in function index -\begingroup\defname {#1}{Function}% +\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDeffunc}% \defunargs {#2}\endgroup % \catcode 61=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody } @@ -3769,7 +4614,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % #1 is the data type, #2 the name, #3 the args. \def\deftypefunheaderx #1#2 #3\relax{% \doind {fn}{\code{#2}}% Make entry in function index -\begingroup\defname {\defheaderxcond#1\relax$$$#2}{Function}% +\begingroup\defname {\defheaderxcond#1\relax$$$#2}{\putwordDeftypefun}% \deftypefunargs {#3}\endgroup % \catcode 61=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody } @@ -3800,7 +4645,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\defmac{\defparsebody\Edefmac\defmacx\defmacheader} \def\defmacheader #1#2{\doind {fn}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in function index -\begingroup\defname {#1}{Macro}% +\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDefmac}% \defunargs {#2}\endgroup % \catcode 61=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody } @@ -3810,42 +4655,77 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\defspec{\defparsebody\Edefspec\defspecx\defspecheader} \def\defspecheader #1#2{\doind {fn}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in function index -\begingroup\defname {#1}{Special Form}% +\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDefspec}% \defunargs {#2}\endgroup % \catcode 61=\other % Turn off change made in \defparsebody } -% This definition is run if you use @defunx -% anywhere other than immediately after a @defun or @defunx. - -\def\deffnx #1 {\errmessage{@deffnx in invalid context}} -\def\defunx #1 {\errmessage{@defunx in invalid context}} -\def\defmacx #1 {\errmessage{@defmacx in invalid context}} -\def\defspecx #1 {\errmessage{@defspecx in invalid context}} -\def\deftypefnx #1 {\errmessage{@deftypefnx in invalid context}} -\def\deftypeunx #1 {\errmessage{@deftypeunx in invalid context}} - -% @defmethod, and so on - -% @defop {Funny Method} foo-class frobnicate argument - +% @defop CATEGORY CLASS OPERATION ARG... +% \def\defop #1 {\def\defoptype{#1}% \defopparsebody\Edefop\defopx\defopheader\defoptype} - -\def\defopheader #1#2#3{% -\dosubind {fn}{\code{#2}}{on #1}% Make entry in function index -\begingroup\defname {#2}{\defoptype{} on #1}% +% +\def\defopheader#1#2#3{% +\dosubind {fn}{\code{#2}}{\putwordon\ #1}% Make entry in function index +\begingroup\defname {#2}{\defoptype\ \putwordon\ #1}% \defunargs {#3}\endgroup % } -% @defmethod == @defop Method +% @deftypeop CATEGORY CLASS TYPE OPERATION ARG... +% +\def\deftypeop #1 {\def\deftypeopcategory{#1}% + \deftypeopparsebody\Edeftypeop\deftypeopx\deftypeopheader + \deftypeopcategory} +% +% #1 is the class name, #2 the data type, #3 the operation name, #4 the args. +\def\deftypeopheader#1#2#3#4{% + \dosubind{fn}{\code{#3}}{\putwordon\ \code{#1}}% entry in function index + \begingroup + \defname{\defheaderxcond#2\relax$$$#3} + {\deftypeopcategory\ \putwordon\ \code{#1}}% + \deftypefunargs{#4}% + \endgroup +} -\def\defmethod{\defmethparsebody\Edefmethod\defmethodx\defmethodheader} +% @deftypemethod CLASS TYPE METHOD ARG... +% +\def\deftypemethod{% + \deftypemethparsebody\Edeftypemethod\deftypemethodx\deftypemethodheader} +% +% #1 is the class name, #2 the data type, #3 the method name, #4 the args. +\def\deftypemethodheader#1#2#3#4{% + \dosubind{fn}{\code{#3}}{\putwordon\ \code{#1}}% entry in function index + \begingroup + \defname{\defheaderxcond#2\relax$$$#3}{\putwordMethodon\ \code{#1}}% + \deftypefunargs{#4}% + \endgroup +} -\def\defmethodheader #1#2#3{% -\dosubind {fn}{\code{#2}}{on #1}% entry in function index -\begingroup\defname {#2}{Method on #1}% -\defunargs {#3}\endgroup % +% @deftypeivar CLASS TYPE VARNAME +% +\def\deftypeivar{% + \deftypemethparsebody\Edeftypeivar\deftypeivarx\deftypeivarheader} +% +% #1 is the class name, #2 the data type, #3 the variable name. +\def\deftypeivarheader#1#2#3{% + \dosubind{vr}{\code{#3}}{\putwordof\ \code{#1}}% entry in variable index + \begingroup + \defname{#3}{\putwordInstanceVariableof\ \code{#1}}% + \defvarargs{#3}% + \endgroup +} + +% @defmethod == @defop Method +% +\def\defmethod{\defmethparsebody\Edefmethod\defmethodx\defmethodheader} +% +% #1 is the class name, #2 the method name, #3 the args. +\def\defmethodheader#1#2#3{% + \dosubind{fn}{\code{#2}}{\putwordon\ \code{#1}}% entry in function index + \begingroup + \defname{#2}{\putwordMethodon\ \code{#1}}% + \defunargs{#3}% + \endgroup } % @defcv {Class Option} foo-class foo-flag @@ -3854,37 +4734,30 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \defopvarparsebody\Edefcv\defcvx\defcvarheader\defcvtype} \def\defcvarheader #1#2#3{% -\dosubind {vr}{\code{#2}}{of #1}% Make entry in var index -\begingroup\defname {#2}{\defcvtype{} of #1}% +\dosubind {vr}{\code{#2}}{\putwordof\ #1}% Make entry in var index +\begingroup\defname {#2}{\defcvtype\ \putwordof\ #1}% \defvarargs {#3}\endgroup % } -% @defivar == @defcv {Instance Variable} - +% @defivar CLASS VARNAME == @defcv {Instance Variable} CLASS VARNAME +% \def\defivar{\defvrparsebody\Edefivar\defivarx\defivarheader} - -\def\defivarheader #1#2#3{% -\dosubind {vr}{\code{#2}}{of #1}% Make entry in var index -\begingroup\defname {#2}{Instance Variable of #1}% -\defvarargs {#3}\endgroup % +% +\def\defivarheader#1#2#3{% + \dosubind {vr}{\code{#2}}{\putwordof\ #1}% entry in var index + \begingroup + \defname{#2}{\putwordInstanceVariableof\ #1}% + \defvarargs{#3}% + \endgroup } -% These definitions are run if you use @defmethodx, etc., -% anywhere other than immediately after a @defmethod, etc. - -\def\defopx #1 {\errmessage{@defopx in invalid context}} -\def\defmethodx #1 {\errmessage{@defmethodx in invalid context}} -\def\defcvx #1 {\errmessage{@defcvx in invalid context}} -\def\defivarx #1 {\errmessage{@defivarx in invalid context}} - -% Now @defvar - +% @defvar % First, define the processing that is wanted for arguments of @defvar. % This is actually simple: just print them in roman. % This must expand the args and terminate the paragraph they make up \def\defvarargs #1{\normalparens #1% \interlinepenalty=10000 -\endgraf\penalty 10000\vskip -\parskip\penalty 10000} +\endgraf\nobreak\vskip -\parskip\nobreak} % @defvr Counter foo-count @@ -3898,7 +4771,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\defvar{\defvarparsebody\Edefvar\defvarx\defvarheader} \def\defvarheader #1#2{\doind {vr}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in var index -\begingroup\defname {#1}{Variable}% +\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDefvar}% \defvarargs {#2}\endgroup % } @@ -3907,7 +4780,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\defopt{\defvarparsebody\Edefopt\defoptx\defoptheader} \def\defoptheader #1#2{\doind {vr}{\code{#1}}% Make entry in var index -\begingroup\defname {#1}{User Option}% +\begingroup\defname {#1}{\putwordDefopt}% \defvarargs {#2}\endgroup % } @@ -3915,33 +4788,26 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\deftypevar{\defvarparsebody\Edeftypevar\deftypevarx\deftypevarheader} -% #1 is the data type. #2 is the name. +% #1 is the data type. #2 is the name, perhaps followed by text that +% is actually part of the data type, which should not be put into the index. \def\deftypevarheader #1#2{% -\doind {vr}{\code{#2}}% Make entry in variables index -\begingroup\defname {\defheaderxcond#1\relax$$$#2}{Variable}% +\dovarind#2 \relax% Make entry in variables index +\begingroup\defname {\defheaderxcond#1\relax$$$#2}{\putwordDeftypevar}% \interlinepenalty=10000 -\endgraf\penalty 10000\vskip -\parskip\penalty 10000 +\endgraf\nobreak\vskip -\parskip\nobreak \endgroup} +\def\dovarind#1 #2\relax{\doind{vr}{\code{#1}}} % @deftypevr {Global Flag} int enable \def\deftypevr{\defvrparsebody\Edeftypevr\deftypevrx\deftypevrheader} -\def\deftypevrheader #1#2#3{\doind {vr}{\code{#3}}% +\def\deftypevrheader #1#2#3{\dovarind#3 \relax% \begingroup\defname {\defheaderxcond#2\relax$$$#3}{#1} \interlinepenalty=10000 -\endgraf\penalty 10000\vskip -\parskip\penalty 10000 +\endgraf\nobreak\vskip -\parskip\nobreak \endgroup} -% This definition is run if you use @defvarx -% anywhere other than immediately after a @defvar or @defvarx. - -\def\defvrx #1 {\errmessage{@defvrx in invalid context}} -\def\defvarx #1 {\errmessage{@defvarx in invalid context}} -\def\defoptx #1 {\errmessage{@defoptx in invalid context}} -\def\deftypevarx #1 {\errmessage{@deftypevarx in invalid context}} -\def\deftypevrx #1 {\errmessage{@deftypevrx in invalid context}} - % Now define @deftp % Args are printed in bold, a slight difference from @defvar. @@ -3954,45 +4820,394 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\deftpheader #1#2#3{\doind {tp}{\code{#2}}% \begingroup\defname {#2}{#1}\deftpargs{#3}\endgroup} -% This definition is run if you use @deftpx, etc -% anywhere other than immediately after a @deftp, etc. +% These definitions are used if you use @defunx (etc.) +% anywhere other than immediately after a @defun or @defunx. +% +\def\defcvx#1 {\errmessage{@defcvx in invalid context}} +\def\deffnx#1 {\errmessage{@deffnx in invalid context}} +\def\defivarx#1 {\errmessage{@defivarx in invalid context}} +\def\defmacx#1 {\errmessage{@defmacx in invalid context}} +\def\defmethodx#1 {\errmessage{@defmethodx in invalid context}} +\def\defoptx #1 {\errmessage{@defoptx in invalid context}} +\def\defopx#1 {\errmessage{@defopx in invalid context}} +\def\defspecx#1 {\errmessage{@defspecx in invalid context}} +\def\deftpx#1 {\errmessage{@deftpx in invalid context}} +\def\deftypefnx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypefnx in invalid context}} +\def\deftypefunx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypefunx in invalid context}} +\def\deftypeivarx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypeivarx in invalid context}} +\def\deftypemethodx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypemethodx in invalid context}} +\def\deftypeopx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypeopx in invalid context}} +\def\deftypevarx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypevarx in invalid context}} +\def\deftypevrx#1 {\errmessage{@deftypevrx in invalid context}} +\def\defunx#1 {\errmessage{@defunx in invalid context}} +\def\defvarx#1 {\errmessage{@defvarx in invalid context}} +\def\defvrx#1 {\errmessage{@defvrx in invalid context}} + + +\message{macros,} +% @macro. + +% To do this right we need a feature of e-TeX, \scantokens, +% which we arrange to emulate with a temporary file in ordinary TeX. +\ifx\eTeXversion\undefined + \newwrite\macscribble + \def\scanmacro#1{% + \begingroup \newlinechar`\^^M + % Undo catcode changes of \startcontents and \doprintindex + \catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=12 \escapechar=`\@ + % Append \endinput to make sure that TeX does not see the ending newline. + \toks0={#1\endinput}% + \immediate\openout\macscribble=\jobname.tmp + \immediate\write\macscribble{\the\toks0}% + \immediate\closeout\macscribble + \let\xeatspaces\eatspaces + \input \jobname.tmp + \endgroup +} +\else +\def\scanmacro#1{% +\begingroup \newlinechar`\^^M +% Undo catcode changes of \startcontents and \doprintindex +\catcode`\@=0 \catcode`\\=12 \escapechar=`\@ +\let\xeatspaces\eatspaces\scantokens{#1\endinput}\endgroup} +\fi + +\newcount\paramno % Count of parameters +\newtoks\macname % Macro name +\newif\ifrecursive % Is it recursive? +\def\macrolist{} % List of all defined macros in the form + % \do\macro1\do\macro2... + +% Utility routines. +% Thisdoes \let #1 = #2, except with \csnames. +\def\cslet#1#2{% +\expandafter\expandafter +\expandafter\let +\expandafter\expandafter +\csname#1\endcsname +\csname#2\endcsname} + +% Trim leading and trailing spaces off a string. +% Concepts from aro-bend problem 15 (see CTAN). +{\catcode`\@=11 +\gdef\eatspaces #1{\expandafter\trim@\expandafter{#1 }} +\gdef\trim@ #1{\trim@@ @#1 @ #1 @ @@} +\gdef\trim@@ #1@ #2@ #3@@{\trim@@@\empty #2 @} +\def\unbrace#1{#1} +\unbrace{\gdef\trim@@@ #1 } #2@{#1} +} + +% Trim a single trailing ^^M off a string. +{\catcode`\^^M=12\catcode`\Q=3% +\gdef\eatcr #1{\eatcra #1Q^^MQ}% +\gdef\eatcra#1^^MQ{\eatcrb#1Q}% +\gdef\eatcrb#1Q#2Q{#1}% +} + +% Macro bodies are absorbed as an argument in a context where +% all characters are catcode 10, 11 or 12, except \ which is active +% (as in normal texinfo). It is necessary to change the definition of \. + +% It's necessary to have hard CRs when the macro is executed. This is +% done by making ^^M (\endlinechar) catcode 12 when reading the macro +% body, and then making it the \newlinechar in \scanmacro. + +\def\macrobodyctxt{% + \catcode`\~=12 + \catcode`\^=12 + \catcode`\_=12 + \catcode`\|=12 + \catcode`\<=12 + \catcode`\>=12 + \catcode`\+=12 + \catcode`\{=12 + \catcode`\}=12 + \catcode`\@=12 + \catcode`\^^M=12 + \usembodybackslash} + +\def\macroargctxt{% + \catcode`\~=12 + \catcode`\^=12 + \catcode`\_=12 + \catcode`\|=12 + \catcode`\<=12 + \catcode`\>=12 + \catcode`\+=12 + \catcode`\@=12 + \catcode`\\=12} + +% \mbodybackslash is the definition of \ in @macro bodies. +% It maps \foo\ => \csname macarg.foo\endcsname => #N +% where N is the macro parameter number. +% We define \csname macarg.\endcsname to be \realbackslash, so +% \\ in macro replacement text gets you a backslash. + +{\catcode`@=0 @catcode`@\=@active + @gdef@usembodybackslash{@let\=@mbodybackslash} + @gdef@mbodybackslash#1\{@csname macarg.#1@endcsname} +} +\expandafter\def\csname macarg.\endcsname{\realbackslash} + +\def\macro{\recursivefalse\parsearg\macroxxx} +\def\rmacro{\recursivetrue\parsearg\macroxxx} + +\def\macroxxx#1{% + \getargs{#1}% now \macname is the macname and \argl the arglist + \ifx\argl\empty % no arguments + \paramno=0% + \else + \expandafter\parsemargdef \argl;% + \fi + \if1\csname ismacro.\the\macname\endcsname + \message{Warning: redefining \the\macname}% + \else + \expandafter\ifx\csname \the\macname\endcsname \relax + \else \errmessage{The name \the\macname\space is reserved}\fi + \global\cslet{macsave.\the\macname}{\the\macname}% + \global\expandafter\let\csname ismacro.\the\macname\endcsname=1% + % Add the macroname to \macrolist + \toks0 = \expandafter{\macrolist\do}% + \xdef\macrolist{\the\toks0 + \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname\endcsname}% + \fi + \begingroup \macrobodyctxt + \ifrecursive \expandafter\parsermacbody + \else \expandafter\parsemacbody + \fi} + +\def\unmacro{\parsearg\unmacroxxx} +\def\unmacroxxx#1{% + \if1\csname ismacro.#1\endcsname + \global\cslet{#1}{macsave.#1}% + \global\expandafter\let \csname ismacro.#1\endcsname=0% + % Remove the macro name from \macrolist + \begingroup + \edef\tempa{\expandafter\noexpand\csname#1\endcsname}% + \def\do##1{% + \def\tempb{##1}% + \ifx\tempa\tempb + % remove this + \else + \toks0 = \expandafter{\newmacrolist\do}% + \edef\newmacrolist{\the\toks0\expandafter\noexpand\tempa}% + \fi}% + \def\newmacrolist{}% + % Execute macro list to define \newmacrolist + \macrolist + \global\let\macrolist\newmacrolist + \endgroup + \else + \errmessage{Macro #1 not defined}% + \fi +} + +% This makes use of the obscure feature that if the last token of a +% is #, then the preceding argument is delimited by +% an opening brace, and that opening brace is not consumed. +\def\getargs#1{\getargsxxx#1{}} +\def\getargsxxx#1#{\getmacname #1 \relax\getmacargs} +\def\getmacname #1 #2\relax{\macname={#1}} +\def\getmacargs#1{\def\argl{#1}} + +% Parse the optional {params} list. Set up \paramno and \paramlist +% so \defmacro knows what to do. Define \macarg.blah for each blah +% in the params list, to be ##N where N is the position in that list. +% That gets used by \mbodybackslash (above). + +% We need to get `macro parameter char #' into several definitions. +% The technique used is stolen from LaTeX: let \hash be something +% unexpandable, insert that wherever you need a #, and then redefine +% it to # just before using the token list produced. +% +% The same technique is used to protect \eatspaces till just before +% the macro is used. + +\def\parsemargdef#1;{\paramno=0\def\paramlist{}% + \let\hash\relax\let\xeatspaces\relax\parsemargdefxxx#1,;,} +\def\parsemargdefxxx#1,{% + \if#1;\let\next=\relax + \else \let\next=\parsemargdefxxx + \advance\paramno by 1% + \expandafter\edef\csname macarg.\eatspaces{#1}\endcsname + {\xeatspaces{\hash\the\paramno}}% + \edef\paramlist{\paramlist\hash\the\paramno,}% + \fi\next} + +% These two commands read recursive and nonrecursive macro bodies. +% (They're different since rec and nonrec macros end differently.) + +\long\def\parsemacbody#1@end macro% +{\xdef\temp{\eatcr{#1}}\endgroup\defmacro}% +\long\def\parsermacbody#1@end rmacro% +{\xdef\temp{\eatcr{#1}}\endgroup\defmacro}% + +% This defines the macro itself. There are six cases: recursive and +% nonrecursive macros of zero, one, and many arguments. +% Much magic with \expandafter here. +% \xdef is used so that macro definitions will survive the file +% they're defined in; @include reads the file inside a group. +\def\defmacro{% + \let\hash=##% convert placeholders to macro parameter chars + \ifrecursive + \ifcase\paramno + % 0 + \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{% + \noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}}% + \or % 1 + \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{% + \bgroup\noexpand\macroargctxt + \noexpand\braceorline + \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname}% + \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname##1{% + \egroup\noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}}% + \else % many + \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{% + \bgroup\noexpand\macroargctxt + \noexpand\csname\the\macname xx\endcsname}% + \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname xx\endcsname##1{% + \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname ##1,}% + \expandafter\expandafter + \expandafter\xdef + \expandafter\expandafter + \csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname + \paramlist{\egroup\noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}}% + \fi + \else + \ifcase\paramno + % 0 + \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{% + \noexpand\norecurse{\the\macname}% + \noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}\egroup}% + \or % 1 + \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{% + \bgroup\noexpand\macroargctxt + \noexpand\braceorline + \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname}% + \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname##1{% + \egroup + \noexpand\norecurse{\the\macname}% + \noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}\egroup}% + \else % many + \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname\endcsname{% + \bgroup\noexpand\macroargctxt + \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xx\endcsname}% + \expandafter\xdef\csname\the\macname xx\endcsname##1{% + \expandafter\noexpand\csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname ##1,}% + \expandafter\expandafter + \expandafter\xdef + \expandafter\expandafter + \csname\the\macname xxx\endcsname + \paramlist{% + \egroup + \noexpand\norecurse{\the\macname}% + \noexpand\scanmacro{\temp}\egroup}% + \fi + \fi} + +\def\norecurse#1{\bgroup\cslet{#1}{macsave.#1}} + +% \braceorline decides whether the next nonwhitespace character is a +% {. If so it reads up to the closing }, if not, it reads the whole +% line. Whatever was read is then fed to the next control sequence +% as an argument (by \parsebrace or \parsearg) +\def\braceorline#1{\let\next=#1\futurelet\nchar\braceorlinexxx} +\def\braceorlinexxx{% + \ifx\nchar\bgroup\else + \expandafter\parsearg + \fi \next} -\def\deftpx #1 {\errmessage{@deftpx in invalid context}} +% We mant to disable all macros during \shipout so that they are not +% expanded by \write. +\def\turnoffmacros{\begingroup \def\do##1{\let\noexpand##1=\relax}% + \edef\next{\macrolist}\expandafter\endgroup\next} -\message{cross reference,} -% Define cross-reference macros -\newwrite \auxfile -\newif\ifhavexrefs % True if xref values are known. +% @alias. +% We need some trickery to remove the optional spaces around the equal +% sign. Just make them active and then expand them all to nothing. +\def\alias{\begingroup\obeyspaces\parsearg\aliasxxx} +\def\aliasxxx #1{\aliasyyy#1\relax} +\def\aliasyyy #1=#2\relax{\ignoreactivespaces +\edef\next{\global\let\expandafter\noexpand\csname#1\endcsname=% + \expandafter\noexpand\csname#2\endcsname}% +\expandafter\endgroup\next} + + +\message{cross references,} +% @xref etc. + +\newwrite\auxfile + +\newif\ifhavexrefs % True if xref values are known. \newif\ifwarnedxrefs % True if we warned once that they aren't known. -% \setref{foo} defines a cross-reference point named foo. +% @inforef is relatively simple. +\def\inforef #1{\inforefzzz #1,,,,**} +\def\inforefzzz #1,#2,#3,#4**{\putwordSee{} \putwordInfo{} \putwordfile{} \file{\ignorespaces #3{}}, + node \samp{\ignorespaces#1{}}} + +% @node's job is to define \lastnode. +\def\node{\ENVcheck\parsearg\nodezzz} +\def\nodezzz#1{\nodexxx [#1,]} +\def\nodexxx[#1,#2]{\gdef\lastnode{#1}} +\let\nwnode=\node +\let\lastnode=\relax -\def\setref#1{% -\dosetq{#1-title}{Ytitle}% -\dosetq{#1-pg}{Ypagenumber}% -\dosetq{#1-snt}{Ysectionnumberandtype}} +% The sectioning commands (@chapter, etc.) call these. +\def\donoderef{% + \ifx\lastnode\relax\else + \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\setref{\lastnode}% + {Ysectionnumberandtype}% + \global\let\lastnode=\relax + \fi +} +\def\unnumbnoderef{% + \ifx\lastnode\relax\else + \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\setref{\lastnode}{Ynothing}% + \global\let\lastnode=\relax + \fi +} +\def\appendixnoderef{% + \ifx\lastnode\relax\else + \expandafter\expandafter\expandafter\setref{\lastnode}% + {Yappendixletterandtype}% + \global\let\lastnode=\relax + \fi +} -\def\unnumbsetref#1{% -\dosetq{#1-title}{Ytitle}% -\dosetq{#1-pg}{Ypagenumber}% -\dosetq{#1-snt}{Ynothing}} -\def\appendixsetref#1{% -\dosetq{#1-title}{Ytitle}% -\dosetq{#1-pg}{Ypagenumber}% -\dosetq{#1-snt}{Yappendixletterandtype}} +% @anchor{NAME} -- define xref target at arbitrary point. +% +\newcount\savesfregister +\gdef\savesf{\relax \ifhmode \savesfregister=\spacefactor \fi} +\gdef\restoresf{\relax \ifhmode \spacefactor=\savesfregister \fi} +\gdef\anchor#1{\savesf \setref{#1}{Ynothing}\restoresf \ignorespaces} + +% \setref{NAME}{SNT} defines a cross-reference point NAME, namely +% NAME-title, NAME-pg, and NAME-SNT. Called from \foonoderef. We have +% to set \indexdummies so commands such as @code in a section title +% aren't expanded. It would be nicer not to expand the titles in the +% first place, but there's so many layers that that is hard to do. +% +\def\setref#1#2{{% + \indexdummies + \pdfmkdest{#1}% + \dosetq{#1-title}{Ytitle}% + \dosetq{#1-pg}{Ypagenumber}% + \dosetq{#1-snt}{#2}% +}} -% \xref, \pxref, and \ref generate cross-references to specified points. -% For \xrefX, #1 is the node name, #2 the name of the Info -% cross-reference, #3 the printed node name, #4 the name of the Info -% file, #5 the name of the printed manual. All but the node name can be -% omitted. +% @xref, @pxref, and @ref generate cross-references. For \xrefX, #1 is +% the node name, #2 the name of the Info cross-reference, #3 the printed +% node name, #4 the name of the Info file, #5 the name of the printed +% manual. All but the node name can be omitted. % \def\pxref#1{\putwordsee{} \xrefX[#1,,,,,,,]} \def\xref#1{\putwordSee{} \xrefX[#1,,,,,,,]} \def\ref#1{\xrefX[#1,,,,,,,]} \def\xrefX[#1,#2,#3,#4,#5,#6]{\begingroup + \unsepspaces \def\printedmanual{\ignorespaces #5}% \def\printednodename{\ignorespaces #3}% \setbox1=\hbox{\printedmanual}% @@ -4005,7 +5220,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \else % Use the actual chapter/section title appear inside % the square brackets. Use the real section title if we have it. - \ifdim \wd1>0pt% + \ifdim \wd1 > 0pt % It is in another manual, so we don't have it. \def\printednodename{\ignorespaces #1}% \else @@ -4026,27 +5241,54 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % are best written with fairly long node names, containing hyphens, this % is a loss. Therefore, we give the text of the node name again, so it % is as if TeX is seeing it for the first time. + \ifpdf + \leavevmode + \getfilename{#4}% + \ifnum\filenamelength>0 + \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}% + goto file{\the\filename.pdf} name{#1@}% + \else + \startlink attr{/Border [0 0 0]}% + goto name{#1@}% + \fi + \linkcolor + \fi + % \ifdim \wd1 > 0pt - \putwordsection{} ``\printednodename'' in \cite{\printedmanual}% + \putwordsection{} ``\printednodename'' \putwordin{} \cite{\printedmanual}% \else % _ (for example) has to be the character _ for the purposes of the % control sequence corresponding to the node, but it has to expand % into the usual \leavevmode...\vrule stuff for purposes of % printing. So we \turnoffactive for the \refx-snt, back on for the % printing, back off for the \refx-pg. - {\turnoffactive \refx{#1-snt}{}}% - \space [\printednodename],\space + {\normalturnoffactive + % Only output a following space if the -snt ref is nonempty; for + % @unnumbered and @anchor, it won't be. + \setbox2 = \hbox{\ignorespaces \refx{#1-snt}{}}% + \ifdim \wd2 > 0pt \refx{#1-snt}\space\fi + }% + % [mynode], + [\printednodename],\space + % page 3 \turnoffactive \putwordpage\tie\refx{#1-pg}{}% \fi + \endlink \endgroup} % \dosetq is the interface for calls from other macros -% Use \turnoffactive so that punctuation chars such as underscore -% work in node names. -\def\dosetq #1#2{{\let\folio=0 \turnoffactive \auxhat% -\edef\next{\write\auxfile{\internalsetq {#1}{#2}}}% -\next}} +% Use \normalturnoffactive so that punctuation chars such as underscore +% and backslash work in node names. (\turnoffactive doesn't do \.) +\def\dosetq#1#2{% + {\let\folio=0% + \normalturnoffactive + \edef\next{\write\auxfile{\internalsetq{#1}{#2}}}% + \iflinks + \next + \fi + }% +} % \internalsetq {foo}{page} expands into % CHARACTERS 'xrdef {foo}{...expansion of \Ypage...} @@ -4097,13 +5339,15 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\refx#1#2{% \expandafter\ifx\csname X#1\endcsname\relax % If not defined, say something at least. - $\langle$un\-de\-fined$\rangle$% - \ifhavexrefs - \message{\linenumber Undefined cross reference `#1'.}% - \else - \ifwarnedxrefs\else - \global\warnedxrefstrue - \message{Cross reference values unknown; you must run TeX again.}% + \angleleft un\-de\-fined\angleright + \iflinks + \ifhavexrefs + \message{\linenumber Undefined cross reference `#1'.}% + \else + \ifwarnedxrefs\else + \global\warnedxrefstrue + \message{Cross reference values unknown; you must run TeX again.}% + \fi \fi \fi \else @@ -4113,84 +5357,101 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi #2% Output the suffix in any case. } -% Read the last existing aux file, if any. No error if none exists. - % This is the macro invoked by entries in the aux file. -\def\xrdef #1#2{ -{\catcode`\'=\other\expandafter \gdef \csname X#1\endcsname {#2}}} +% +\def\xrdef#1{\begingroup + % Reenable \ as an escape while reading the second argument. + \catcode`\\ = 0 + \afterassignment\endgroup + \expandafter\gdef\csname X#1\endcsname +} -\def\readauxfile{% -\begingroup -\catcode `\^^@=\other -\catcode `\=\other -\catcode `\=\other -\catcode `\^^C=\other -\catcode `\^^D=\other -\catcode `\^^E=\other -\catcode `\^^F=\other -\catcode `\^^G=\other -\catcode `\^^H=\other -\catcode `\ =\other -\catcode `\^^L=\other -\catcode `\=\other -\catcode `\=\other -\catcode `\=\other -\catcode `\=\other -\catcode `\=\other -\catcode `\=\other -\catcode `\=\other -\catcode `\=\other -\catcode `\=\other -\catcode `\=\other -\catcode `\=\other -\catcode `\=\other -\catcode 26=\other -\catcode `\^^[=\other -\catcode `\^^\=\other -\catcode `\^^]=\other -\catcode `\^^^=\other -\catcode `\^^_=\other -\catcode `\@=\other -\catcode `\^=\other -\catcode `\~=\other -\catcode `\[=\other -\catcode `\]=\other -\catcode`\"=\other -\catcode`\_=\other -\catcode`\|=\other -\catcode`\<=\other -\catcode`\>=\other -\catcode `\$=\other -\catcode `\#=\other -\catcode `\&=\other -% `\+ does not work, so use 43. -\catcode 43=\other -% Make the characters 128-255 be printing characters -{% - \count 1=128 - \def\loop{% - \catcode\count 1=\other - \advance\count 1 by 1 - \ifnum \count 1<256 \loop \fi +% Read the last existing aux file, if any. No error if none exists. +\def\readauxfile{\begingroup + \catcode`\^^@=\other + \catcode`\^^A=\other + \catcode`\^^B=\other + \catcode`\^^C=\other + \catcode`\^^D=\other + \catcode`\^^E=\other + \catcode`\^^F=\other + \catcode`\^^G=\other + \catcode`\^^H=\other + \catcode`\^^K=\other + \catcode`\^^L=\other + \catcode`\^^N=\other + \catcode`\^^P=\other + \catcode`\^^Q=\other + \catcode`\^^R=\other + \catcode`\^^S=\other + \catcode`\^^T=\other + \catcode`\^^U=\other + \catcode`\^^V=\other + \catcode`\^^W=\other + \catcode`\^^X=\other + \catcode`\^^Z=\other + \catcode`\^^[=\other + \catcode`\^^\=\other + \catcode`\^^]=\other + \catcode`\^^^=\other + \catcode`\^^_=\other + \catcode`\@=\other + \catcode`\^=\other + % It was suggested to define this as 7, which would allow ^^e4 etc. + % in xref tags, i.e., node names. But since ^^e4 notation isn't + % supported in the main text, it doesn't seem desirable. Furthermore, + % that is not enough: for node names that actually contain a ^ + % character, we would end up writing a line like this: 'xrdef {'hat + % b-title}{'hat b} and \xrdef does a \csname...\endcsname on the first + % argument, and \hat is not an expandable control sequence. It could + % all be worked out, but why? Either we support ^^ or we don't. + % + % The other change necessary for this was to define \auxhat: + % \def\auxhat{\def^{'hat }}% extra space so ok if followed by letter + % and then to call \auxhat in \setq. + % + \catcode`\~=\other + \catcode`\[=\other + \catcode`\]=\other + \catcode`\"=\other + \catcode`\_=\other + \catcode`\|=\other + \catcode`\<=\other + \catcode`\>=\other + \catcode`\$=\other + \catcode`\#=\other + \catcode`\&=\other + \catcode`+=\other % avoid \+ for paranoia even though we've turned it off + % Make the characters 128-255 be printing characters + {% + \count 1=128 + \def\loop{% + \catcode\count 1=\other + \advance\count 1 by 1 + \ifnum \count 1<256 \loop \fi + }% }% -}% -% the aux file uses ' as the escape. -% Turn off \ as an escape so we do not lose on -% entries which were dumped with control sequences in their names. -% For example, 'xrdef {$\leq $-fun}{page ...} made by @defun ^^ -% Reference to such entries still does not work the way one would wish, -% but at least they do not bomb out when the aux file is read in. -\catcode `\{=1 \catcode `\}=2 -\catcode `\%=\other -\catcode `\'=0 -\catcode`\^=7 % to make ^^e4 etc usable in xref tags -\catcode `\\=\other -\openin 1 \jobname.aux -\ifeof 1 \else \closein 1 \input \jobname.aux \global\havexrefstrue -\global\warnedobstrue -\fi -% Open the new aux file. Tex will close it automatically at exit. -\openout \auxfile=\jobname.aux + % The aux file uses ' as the escape (for now). + % Turn off \ as an escape so we do not lose on + % entries which were dumped with control sequences in their names. + % For example, 'xrdef {$\leq $-fun}{page ...} made by @defun ^^ + % Reference to such entries still does not work the way one would wish, + % but at least they do not bomb out when the aux file is read in. + \catcode`\{=1 + \catcode`\}=2 + \catcode`\%=\other + \catcode`\'=0 + \catcode`\\=\other + % + \openin 1 \jobname.aux + \ifeof 1 \else + \closein 1 + \input \jobname.aux + \global\havexrefstrue + \global\warnedobstrue + \fi + % Open the new aux file. TeX will close it automatically at exit. + \openout\auxfile=\jobname.aux \endgroup} @@ -4201,10 +5462,11 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % The trailing space in the following definition for supereject is % vital for proper filling; pages come out unaligned when you do a % pagealignmacro call if that space before the closing brace is -% removed. +% removed. (Generally, numeric constants should always be followed by a +% space to prevent strange expansion errors.) \def\supereject{\par\penalty -20000\footnoteno =0 } -% @footnotestyle is meaningful for info output only.. +% @footnotestyle is meaningful for info output only. \let\footnotestyle=\comment \let\ptexfootnote=\footnote @@ -4230,7 +5492,11 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % Don't bother with the trickery in plain.tex to not require the % footnote text as a parameter. Our footnotes don't need to be so general. % -\long\gdef\footnotezzz#1{\insert\footins{% +% Oh yes, they do; otherwise, @ifset and anything else that uses +% \parseargline fail inside footnotes because the tokens are fixed when +% the footnote is read. --karl, 16nov96. +% +\long\gdef\footnotezzz{\insert\footins\bgroup % We want to typeset this text as a normal paragraph, even if the % footnote reference occurs in (for example) a display environment. % So reset some parameters. @@ -4244,6 +5510,8 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \xspaceskip\z@skip \parindent\defaultparindent % + \smallfonts \rm + % % Hang the footnote text off the number. \hang \textindent{\thisfootno}% @@ -4252,8 +5520,13 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % expands into a box, it must come within the paragraph, lest it % provide a place where TeX can split the footnote. \footstrut - #1\strut}% + \futurelet\next\fo@t } +\def\fo@t{\ifcat\bgroup\noexpand\next \let\next\f@@t + \else\let\next\f@t\fi \next} +\def\f@@t{\bgroup\aftergroup\@foot\let\next} +\def\f@t#1{#1\@foot} +\def\@foot{\strut\par\egroup} }%end \catcode `\@=11 @@ -4310,31 +5583,117 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % \def\finalout{\overfullrule=0pt} +% @image. We use the macros from epsf.tex to support this. +% If epsf.tex is not installed and @image is used, we complain. +% +% Check for and read epsf.tex up front. If we read it only at @image +% time, we might be inside a group, and then its definitions would get +% undone and the next image would fail. +\openin 1 = epsf.tex +\ifeof 1 \else + \closein 1 + % Do not bother showing banner with post-v2.7 epsf.tex (available in + % doc/epsf.tex until it shows up on ctan). + \def\epsfannounce{\toks0 = }% + \input epsf.tex +\fi +% +% We will only complain once about lack of epsf.tex. +\newif\ifwarnednoepsf +\newhelp\noepsfhelp{epsf.tex must be installed for images to + work. It is also included in the Texinfo distribution, or you can get + it from ftp://tug.org/tex/epsf.tex.} +% +\def\image#1{% + \ifx\epsfbox\undefined + \ifwarnednoepsf \else + \errhelp = \noepsfhelp + \errmessage{epsf.tex not found, images will be ignored}% + \global\warnednoepsftrue + \fi + \else + \imagexxx #1,,,\finish + \fi +} +% +% Arguments to @image: +% #1 is (mandatory) image filename; we tack on .eps extension. +% #2 is (optional) width, #3 is (optional) height. +% #4 is just the usual extra ignored arg for parsing this stuff. +\def\imagexxx#1,#2,#3,#4\finish{% + \ifpdf + \centerline{\dopdfimage{#1}{#2}{#3}}% + \else + % \epsfbox itself resets \epsf?size at each figure. + \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}\ifdim\wd0 > 0pt \epsfxsize=#2\relax \fi + \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #3}\ifdim\wd0 > 0pt \epsfysize=#3\relax \fi + \begingroup + \catcode`\^^M = 5 % in case we're inside an example + % If the image is by itself, center it. + \ifvmode + \nobreak\bigskip + % Usually we'll have text after the image which will insert + % \parskip glue, so insert it here too to equalize the space + % above and below. + \nobreak\vskip\parskip + \nobreak + \centerline{\epsfbox{#1.eps}}% + \bigbreak + \else + % In the middle of a paragraph, no extra space. + \epsfbox{#1.eps}% + \fi + \endgroup + \fi +} -% End of control word definitions. -\message{and turning on texinfo input format.} +\message{localization,} +% and i18n. -\def\openindices{% - \newindex{cp}% - \newcodeindex{fn}% - \newcodeindex{vr}% - \newcodeindex{tp}% - \newcodeindex{ky}% - \newcodeindex{pg}% +% @documentlanguage is usually given very early, just after +% @setfilename. If done too late, it may not override everything +% properly. Single argument is the language abbreviation. +% It would be nice if we could set up a hyphenation file here. +% +\def\documentlanguage{\parsearg\dodocumentlanguage} +\def\dodocumentlanguage#1{% + \tex % read txi-??.tex file in plain TeX. + % Read the file if it exists. + \openin 1 txi-#1.tex + \ifeof1 + \errhelp = \nolanghelp + \errmessage{Cannot read language file txi-#1.tex}% + \let\temp = \relax + \else + \def\temp{\input txi-#1.tex }% + \fi + \temp + \endgroup } +\newhelp\nolanghelp{The given language definition file cannot be found or +is empty. Maybe you need to install it? In the current directory +should work if nowhere else does.} -% Set some numeric style parameters, for 8.5 x 11 format. -%\hsize = 6.5in +% @documentencoding should change something in TeX eventually, most +% likely, but for now just recognize it. +\let\documentencoding = \comment + + +% Page size parameters. +% \newdimen\defaultparindent \defaultparindent = 15pt -\parindent = \defaultparindent -\parskip 18pt plus 1pt -\setleading{15pt} -\advance\topskip by 1.2cm + +\chapheadingskip = 15pt plus 4pt minus 2pt +\secheadingskip = 12pt plus 3pt minus 2pt +\subsecheadingskip = 9pt plus 2pt minus 2pt % Prevent underfull vbox error messages. -\vbadness=10000 +\vbadness = 10000 + +% Don't be so finicky about underfull hboxes, either. +\hbadness = 2000 % Following George Bush, just get rid of widows and orphans. \widowpenalty=10000 @@ -4343,98 +5702,127 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % Use TeX 3.0's \emergencystretch to help line breaking, but if we're % using an old version of TeX, don't do anything. We want the amount of % stretch added to depend on the line length, hence the dependence on -% \hsize. This makes it come to about 9pt for the 8.5x11 format. +% \hsize. We call this whenever the paper size is set. % -\ifx\emergencystretch\thisisundefined - % Allow us to assign to \emergencystretch anyway. - \def\emergencystretch{\dimen0}% -\else - \emergencystretch = \hsize - \divide\emergencystretch by 45 -\fi - -% Use @smallbook to reset parameters for 7x9.5 format (or else 7x9.25) -\def\smallbook{ - -% These values for secheadingskip and subsecheadingskip are -% experiments. RJC 7 Aug 1992 -\global\secheadingskip = 17pt plus 6pt minus 3pt -\global\subsecheadingskip = 14pt plus 6pt minus 3pt +\def\setemergencystretch{% + \ifx\emergencystretch\thisisundefined + % Allow us to assign to \emergencystretch anyway. + \def\emergencystretch{\dimen0}% + \else + \emergencystretch = .15\hsize + \fi +} -\global\lispnarrowing = 0.3in -\setleading{12pt} -\advance\topskip by -1cm -\global\parskip 3pt plus 1pt -\global\hsize = 5in -\global\vsize=7.5in -\global\tolerance=700 -\global\hfuzz=1pt -\global\contentsrightmargin=0pt -\global\deftypemargin=0pt -\global\defbodyindent=.5cm +% Parameters in order: 1) textheight; 2) textwidth; 3) voffset; +% 4) hoffset; 5) binding offset; 6) topskip. Then whoever calls us can +% set \parskip and call \setleading for \baselineskip. +% +\def\internalpagesizes#1#2#3#4#5#6{% + \voffset = #3\relax + \topskip = #6\relax + \splittopskip = \topskip + % + \vsize = #1\relax + \advance\vsize by \topskip + \outervsize = \vsize + \advance\outervsize by 2\topandbottommargin + \pageheight = \vsize + % CLN wants a little wider page, hence we enlarge the width by 0.6in... + \hsize = #2\relax + \outerhsize = \hsize + \advance\outerhsize by 0.5in + \advance\hsize by 0.6in + \pagewidth = \hsize + % ...wich also calls for a change in the hoffset. + \normaloffset = #4\relax + \advance\normaloffset by -0.3in + \bindingoffset = #5\relax + % + \parindent = \defaultparindent + \setemergencystretch +} -\global\pagewidth=\hsize -\global\pageheight=\vsize +% @letterpaper (the default). +\def\letterpaper{{\globaldefs = 1 + \parskip = 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt + \setleading{13.2pt}% + % + % If page is nothing but text, make it come out even. + \internalpagesizes{46\baselineskip}{6in}{\voffset}{.25in}{\bindingoffset}{36pt}% +}} -\global\let\smalllisp=\smalllispx -\global\let\smallexample=\smalllispx -\global\def\Esmallexample{\Esmalllisp} -} +% Use @smallbook to reset parameters for 7x9.5 (or so) format. +\def\smallbook{{\globaldefs = 1 + \parskip = 2pt plus 1pt + \setleading{12pt}% + % + \internalpagesizes{7.5in}{5.in}{\voffset}{.25in}{\bindingoffset}{16pt}% + % + \lispnarrowing = 0.3in + \tolerance = 700 + \hfuzz = 1pt + \contentsrightmargin = 0pt + \deftypemargin = 0pt + \defbodyindent = .5cm + % + \let\smalldisplay = \smalldisplayx + \let\smallexample = \smalllispx + \let\smallformat = \smallformatx + \let\smalllisp = \smalllispx +}} % Use @afourpaper to print on European A4 paper. -\def\afourpaper{ -\global\tolerance=700 -\global\hfuzz=1pt -\setleading{12pt} -\global\parskip 15pt plus 1pt - -\global\vsize= 53\baselineskip -\advance\vsize by \topskip -%\global\hsize= 5.85in % A4 wide 10pt -\global\hsize= 6.5in -\global\outerhsize=\hsize -\global\advance\outerhsize by 0.5in -\global\outervsize=\vsize -\global\advance\outervsize by 0.6in - -\global\pagewidth=\hsize -\global\pageheight=\vsize -} - -% Allow control of the text dimensions. Parameters in order: textheight; -% textwidth; voffset; hoffset; binding offset; topskip. -% All require a dimension; -% header is additional; added length extends the bottom of the page. - -\def\changepagesizes#1#2#3#4#5#6{ - \global\vsize= #1 - \global\topskip= #6 - \advance\vsize by \topskip - \global\voffset= #3 - \global\hsize= #2 - \global\outerhsize=\hsize - \global\advance\outerhsize by 0.5in - \global\outervsize=\vsize - \global\advance\outervsize by 0.6in - \global\pagewidth=\hsize - \global\pageheight=\vsize - \global\normaloffset= #4 - \global\bindingoffset= #5} +\def\afourpaper{{\globaldefs = 1 + \setleading{12pt}% + \parskip = 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt + % + \internalpagesizes{53\baselineskip}{160mm}{\voffset}{4mm}{\bindingoffset}{44pt}% + % + \tolerance = 700 + \hfuzz = 1pt +}} % A specific text layout, 24x15cm overall, intended for A4 paper. Top margin % 29mm, hence bottom margin 28mm, nominal side margin 3cm. -\def\afourlatex - {\global\tolerance=700 - \global\hfuzz=1pt - \setleading{12pt} - \global\parskip 15pt plus 1pt - \advance\baselineskip by 1.6pt - \changepagesizes{237mm}{150mm}{3.6mm}{3.6mm}{3mm}{7mm} - } +\def\afourlatex{{\globaldefs = 1 + \setleading{13.6pt}% + % + \afourpaper + \internalpagesizes{237mm}{150mm}{3.6mm}{3.6mm}{3mm}{7mm}% + % + \globaldefs = 0 +}} % Use @afourwide to print on European A4 paper in wide format. -\def\afourwide{\afourpaper -\changepagesizes{9.5in}{6.5in}{\hoffset}{\normaloffset}{\bindingoffset}{7mm}} +\def\afourwide{% + \afourpaper + \internalpagesizes{6.5in}{9.5in}{\hoffset}{\normaloffset}{\bindingoffset}{7mm}% + % + \globaldefs = 0 +} + +% @pagesizes TEXTHEIGHT[,TEXTWIDTH] +% Perhaps we should allow setting the margins, \topskip, \parskip, +% and/or leading, also. Or perhaps we should compute them somehow. +% +\def\pagesizes{\parsearg\pagesizesxxx} +\def\pagesizesxxx#1{\pagesizesyyy #1,,\finish} +\def\pagesizesyyy#1,#2,#3\finish{{% + \setbox0 = \hbox{\ignorespaces #2}\ifdim\wd0 > 0pt \hsize=#2\relax \fi + \globaldefs = 1 + % + \parskip = 3pt plus 2pt minus 1pt + \setleading{13.2pt}% + % + \internalpagesizes{#1}{\hsize}{\voffset}{\normaloffset}{\bindingoffset}{44pt}% +}} + +% Set default to letter. +% +\letterpaper + + +\message{and turning on texinfo input format.} % Define macros to output various characters with catcode for normal text. \catcode`\"=\other @@ -4445,6 +5833,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \catcode`\<=\other \catcode`\>=\other \catcode`\+=\other +\catcode`\$=\other \def\normaldoublequote{"} \def\normaltilde{~} \def\normalcaret{^} @@ -4453,6 +5842,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\normalless{<} \def\normalgreater{>} \def\normalplus{+} +\def\normaldollar{$} % This macro is used to make a character print one way in ttfont % where it can probably just be output, and another way in other fonts, @@ -4463,7 +5853,13 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % interword stretch (and shrink), and it is reasonable to expect all % typewriter fonts to have this, we can check that font parameter. % -\def\ifusingtt#1#2{\ifdim \fontdimen3\the\font=0pt #1\else #2\fi} +\def\ifusingtt#1#2{\ifdim \fontdimen3\font=0pt #1\else #2\fi} + +% Same as above, but check for italic font. Actually this also catches +% non-italic slanted fonts since it is impossible to distinguish them from +% italic fonts. But since this is only used by $ and it uses \sl anyway +% this is not a problem. +\def\ifusingit#1#2{\ifdim \fontdimen1\font>0pt #1\else #2\fi} % Turn off all special characters except @ % (and those which the user can use as if they were ordinary). @@ -4471,13 +5867,12 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % use math or other variants that look better in normal text. \catcode`\"=\active -\def\activedoublequote{{\tt \char '042}} +\def\activedoublequote{{\tt\char34}} \let"=\activedoublequote \catcode`\~=\active -\def~{{\tt \char '176}} +\def~{{\tt\char126}} \chardef\hat=`\^ \catcode`\^=\active -\def\auxhat{\def^{'hat}} \def^{{\tt \hat}} \catcode`\_=\active @@ -4486,7 +5881,7 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def\_{\leavevmode \kern.06em \vbox{\hrule width.3em height.1ex}} \catcode`\|=\active -\def|{{\tt \char '174}} +\def|{{\tt\char124}} \chardef \less=`\< \catcode`\<=\active \def<{{\tt \less}} @@ -4495,6 +5890,8 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi \def>{{\tt \gtr}} \catcode`\+=\active \def+{{\tt \char 43}} +\catcode`\$=\active +\def${\ifusingit{{\sl\$}}\normaldollar} %\catcode 27=\active %\def^^[{$\diamondsuit$} @@ -4525,9 +5922,6 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % \normalbackslash outputs one backslash in fixed width font. \def\normalbackslash{{\tt\rawbackslashxx}} -% Say @foo, not \foo, in error messages. -\escapechar=`\@ - % \catcode 17=0 % Define control-q \catcode`\\=\active @@ -4541,7 +5935,8 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi @let|=@normalverticalbar @let<=@normalless @let>=@normalgreater -@let+=@normalplus} +@let+=@normalplus +@let$=@normaldollar} @def@normalturnoffactive{@let"=@normaldoublequote @let\=@normalbackslash @@ -4551,7 +5946,8 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi @let|=@normalverticalbar @let<=@normalless @let>=@normalgreater -@let+=@normalplus} +@let+=@normalplus +@let$=@normaldollar} % Make _ and + \other characters, temporarily. % This is canceled by @fixbackslash. @@ -4570,16 +5966,29 @@ width0pt\relax} \fi % Also back turn on active characters that might appear in the input % file name, in case not using a pre-dumped format. % -@gdef@fixbackslash{@ifx\@eatinput @let\ = @normalbackslash @fi - @catcode`+=@active @catcode`@_=@active} +@gdef@fixbackslash{% + @ifx\@eatinput @let\ = @normalbackslash @fi + @catcode`+=@active + @catcode`@_=@active +} + +% Say @foo, not \foo, in error messages. +@escapechar = `@@ -%% These look ok in all fonts, so just make them not special. The @rm below -%% makes sure that the current font starts out as the newly loaded cmr10 -@catcode`@$=@other @catcode`@%=@other @catcode`@&=@other @catcode`@#=@other +% These look ok in all fonts, so just make them not special. +@catcode`@& = @other +@catcode`@# = @other +@catcode`@% = @other +@c Set initial fonts. @textfonts @rm + @c Local variables: +@c eval: (add-hook 'write-file-hooks 'time-stamp) @c page-delimiter: "^\\\\message" +@c time-stamp-start: "def\\\\texinfoversion{" +@c time-stamp-format: "%:y-%02m-%02d.%02H" +@c time-stamp-end: "}" @c End:

  • 2.1.3 Sed utility